Assessments of Metabolic Responses to Acute Oral Administration of Sucrose, Glucose, and Fructose

NCT ID: NCT06799715

Last Updated: 2025-02-17

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: RECRUITING
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 20 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2025-02-06
• Study Completion Date: 2026-06-30

Brief Summary

This project aims to compare the acute metabolic effects of the three sweeteners sucrose, glucose, and fructose on GI hormones (GLP-1, PYY, CCK, and ghrelin).

Furthermore, glycemic control, erythritol and xylitol concentrations, blood coagulation function , blood lipids, uric acid, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), complete blood count, gastric emptying, appetite-related sensations, and GI symptoms will be investigated.

Detailed Description

Sugar should not be defined by origin (added sugar, free sugar, simple sugar) but rather by chemical structure (sucrose, glucose, fructose, etc.). Although the disaccharide sucrose is hydrolysed by sucrase into its monosaccharides glucose and fructose, the administration of each of the three sweeteners alone results in different metabolic effects.

Although sucrose, glucose, and fructose are long known sweeteners in food and beverages and their metabolic effects have been extensively studied, there are still no comprehensive studies comparing the three sweeteners in a whole range of parameters. The main inconsistency in the literature is the study design which influences the outcomes. It is important to differentiate whether it is an acute or chronic study, whether the participants are adults or children, are healthy or have T2DM, have normal weight, overweight or obesity, whether the dosage is chosen to be isocaloric or isosweet, whether there is a control group or whether the sweeteners are administered orally or intragastrical.

Conditions

Gastrointestinal Hormones; Glycemic Control; Blood Coagulation Function; Gastric Emptying

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Primary Study Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Blinding Strategy: QUADRUPLE

Study Groups

Sucrose

20 volunteers receive 33.5g sucrose dissolved in 300mL water as a drink.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Sucrose

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

33.5g sucrose dissolved in 300mL tap water

Glucose

20 volunteers receive 33.5g glucose dissolved in 300mL water as a drink.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Glucose

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

33.5g glucose dissolved in 300mL tap water

Fructose

20 volunteers receive 33.5g fructose dissolved in 300mL water as a drink.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Fructose

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

33.5g fructose dissolved in 300mL tap water

Water

20 volunteers receive 300mL water as a drink.

Group Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Water

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

300mL water

Interventions

Sucrose

33.5g sucrose dissolved in 300mL tap water

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Glucose

33.5g glucose dissolved in 300mL tap water

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Fructose

33.5g fructose dissolved in 300mL tap water

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Water

300mL water

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Other Intervention Names

Saccharose; Dextrose

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Healthy, non-diabetic (glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) < 5.7%, fasting glucose < 5.6 mmol/L), and normal weight participants with a body-mass index (BMI) of 19.0-24.9 kg/m2, parameters of complete blood count within normal range
• Age 18-55 years
• Stable body weight (± 5%) for at least three months
• Able to give informed consent as documented by signature

Exclusion Criteria

• Fructose intolerance
• Any pre-existing diet (e.g., vegetarian diet, vegan diet, sugar free diet, paleo diet, Atkins diet, ketogenic diet) that deviates from normal eating habits
• Regular consumption (>1/ week) of erythritol or xylitol
• Regular intake of medications, except contraceptives
• Pre-existing impairment of blood coagulation/thrombocyte function (e.g. hereditary, regular intake of anti-coagulant agents (e.g. NSAIDs, heparin, warfarin, etc.))Chronic or clinically relevant acute infections/diseases
• Substance abuse (more than 1 glass wine/beer per day; regular consumption of cannabis, consumption of cocaine, heroin, etc.), regular smoking
• Pregnancy: although no contraindication, pregnancy might influence metabolic state. Women who are pregnant or have the intention to become pregnant during the course of the study are excluded. In female participants a urine pregnancy test is carried out upon screening.
• Shift worker
• Participation in another study with investigational drug within the 30 days preceding and during the present study

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 55 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Anne Christin Meyer-Gerspach, PD, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

St. Clara Research Ltd.

Locations

St. Claraspital

Basel, , Switzerland

Site Status: RECRUITING

Countries

Switzerland

Central Contacts

Anne Christin Meyer-Gerspach, PD, PhD

Role: CONTACT

annechristin.meyergerspach@unibas.ch

+41 61 685 85 85

Bettina K Wölnerhanssen, Prof. Dr. med.

Role: CONTACT

bettina.woelnerhanssen@claraspital.ch

+ 41 61 685 85 85

Facility Contacts

Anne Christin Meyer-Gerspach, PD, PhD

Role: primary

annechristin.meyergerspach@unibas.ch

+41 61 685 85 85

Other Identifiers

SuGluFru

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id