The Influence of Acute Moderate-intensity Continuous Exercise on Appetite Regulation

NCT ID: NCT06296511

Last Updated: 2024-03-06

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 20 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2023-06-23
• Study Completion Date: 2023-11-07

Brief Summary

A key area of obesity research has focused on the link between appetite, energy balance and weight control. Within this area, several appetite-related hormones and cellular cytokines have been identified as key signals influencing appetite and food intake. This includes the appetite-suppressing hormone oxyntomodulin (OXM) and a cellular stress-induced cytokine growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15).

The aims of this study are: (1) to investigate the effect of acute moderate-intensity continuous exercise on oxyntomodulin and GDF-15 concentrations; (2) to investigate whether exercise-induced changes in circulating OXM and GDF-15 concentrations are correlated with subjective appetite perceptions and subsequent energy intake.

Detailed Description

Oxyntomodulin is thought to promote weight loss by suppressing appetite and energy intake and increasing energy expenditure. Acute exercise has been shown to increase the circulating concentration of satiety-related gut hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY). However, the effect of acute exercise on OXM concentrations in individuals with healthy weight has not been investigated.

GDF-15 is a cellular stress-induced cytokine which has recently been shown to suppress appetite. A few studies have explored the effect of acute exercise on GDF-15 concentrations but the findings are conflicting. Some studies have shown that acute exercise, which provides a transient physiological stress, increased GDF-15 concentrations, but other studies have not found any influence of exercise on GDF-15 concentrations. In addition, whether post-exercise appetite perceptions and subsequent energy intake are influenced by exercise-related changes in OXM or GDF-15 concentrations remains unknown.

To explore the impact of acute moderate-intensity continuous exercise on OXM and GDF-15 levels, alongside subjective appetite perceptions and subsequent energy intake, all participants in this crossover study engaged in both exercise and control trials, with a minimum one-week interval between each.

During the exercise trial, participants were asked to arrive at the lab at 8.30 am, having fasted overnight for 10 hours (except plain water). Participants were asked to rest in the lab for 30 minutes. During the resting period, a cannula was positioned in the participants' arm and a mask was fitted on the face in the last five minutes of the rest to allow for the collection of exhaled air during exercise. After the resting period, participants were asked to exercise at an intensity of 70 percent of their peak oxygen uptake for an hour before resting in the lab for a further 2.5 hours. Venous blood samples were collected before (0 minutes) and after (60, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 minutes) exercise and ad libitum energy intake was assessed 1 h after exercise completion. For the control trial, participants replicated all the procedures of the exercise trial except they rested for 1 h as the exercise counterpart.

Conditions

Obesity; Overweight

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Primary Study Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Exercise

Participants were asked to arrive at the lab at 8.30 am, having fasted overnight for 10 hours. After resting in the lab for 30 minutes, participants were asked to exercise at an intensity of 70 percent of their peak oxygen uptake for an hour before resting in the lab for a further 2.5 hours. Ad libitum energy intake was assessed 1 h after exercise completion.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Exercise

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

60 min of treadmill exercise performed at 70% of peak oxygen uptake.

Control

Participants replicated all the procedures of the exercise trial except they rested for 1 h as the exercise counterpart.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Exercise

60 min of treadmill exercise performed at 70% of peak oxygen uptake.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Body mass index between 18.5-24.9 kg/m²;
• Habitually consume three meals a day;
• Able to run continuously for 1 hour;
• Not currently dieting and weight stable for 3 months (< 3 kg change in weight);
• No severe dislike or allergy to any of the study food;
• Regular menstrual cycle in the past 6 months.

Exclusion Criteria

• Smokers (vaping is considered smoking in this study);
• Individuals with medical conditions (e.g., diabetes, heart condition);
• Individuals taking medications that may influence the study outcomes;
• Individuals with clinically diagnosed eating disorders.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 40 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Loughborough University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Professor David Stensel

Professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

David J Stensel

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Loughborough University

Locations

Loughborough University

Loughborough, , United Kingdom

Countries

United Kingdom

Other Identifiers

Loughborough University

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id