Glycogen and Appetite

NCT ID: NCT05417659

Last Updated: 2025-03-27

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 15 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-10-10
• Study Completion Date: 2024-08-30

Brief Summary

Obesity is the outcome of chronic excessive energy intake and reduced energy expenditure leading to energy imbalance. It is a risk factor for many preventable diseases such as metabolic disease and its consequences such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Sedentary adults have been shown to have an increased appetite in excess of energy requirements and adults who are more active are able to better regulate energy intake. It is thought that carbohydrate availability and specifically hepatic glycogen utilisation during exercise is a regulator of appetite. However, the majority of research so far does not support this theory, potentially due to research not examining the tissue-specific link between glycogen use and appetite. The aim of this study is to assess whether altering substrate utilisation during exercise by suppressing lipolysis influences GLP-1 levels and caloric intake post exercise. Additionally, the study will explore if there is a tissue specific link between substrate utilisation and post exercise energy intake and examine potential sex differences.

Conditions

Energy Intake

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Primary Study Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Blinding Strategy: QUADRUPLE

Study Groups

Control

A placebo drink to be consumed 1 hour prior to exercise and every 15 minutes during exercise and placebo tablets to be consumed 30 minutes prior to exercise, at the onset of exercise and 30 minutes into exercise.

Group Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo

Intervention Type: OTHER

A placebo drink to be consumed 1 hour prior to exercise and every 15 minutes during exercise and placebo tablets to be consumed 30 minutes prior to exercise, at the onset of exercise and 30 minutes into exercise.

Exercise plus carbohydrate

A high carbohydrate drink (1.6g/kg) to be consumed 1 hour prior to exercise and further drinks (0.2g/kg) every 15 minutes during exercise.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Exercise plus carbohydrate

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

A high carbohydrate drink to be consumed 1 hour prior to exercise and every 15 minutes during exercise.

Exercise plus niacin

A dose of niacin (10mg/kg) to be consumed 30 minutes prior to exercise and two further doses (5mg/kg) at the onset of exercise and 30 minutes into exercise.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Exercise plus niacin

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

A dose of niacin to be consumed 30 minutes prior to exercise, at onset of exercise and 30 minutes into exercise.

Interventions

Exercise plus carbohydrate

A high carbohydrate drink to be consumed 1 hour prior to exercise and every 15 minutes during exercise.

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Exercise plus niacin

A dose of niacin to be consumed 30 minutes prior to exercise, at onset of exercise and 30 minutes into exercise.

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Placebo

A placebo drink to be consumed 1 hour prior to exercise and every 15 minutes during exercise and placebo tablets to be consumed 30 minutes prior to exercise, at the onset of exercise and 30 minutes into exercise.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Males aged 18-60 and premenopausal women
• Physically active (at least 30 minutes of exercise 3 times a week)
• Body mass index 18.0-30.0 kg·m-2

Exclusion Criteria

• Weight instability (>5kg change in body mass over last 6 months)
• Restrained eater (e.g. limiting food intake, calorie counting)
• Current smoker
• Aversion or allergy to test meal foods
• Pregnant or lactating
• Amenorrhoea in women
• Any medical condition or medication that could introduce bias into the study (e.g., diabetes, CVD, lipid or glucose metabolism altering medications)
• Any cardiopulmonary condition prohibiting exercise testing
• Any contraindication to niacin or aspirin (e.g., diabetes, gout, clotting disorders, allergy to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 60 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

University of Bath

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Louise Bradshaw

PhD Student

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Department for Health, University of Bath

Bath, , United Kingdom

Countries

United Kingdom

Other Identifiers

EIRA1-7142

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id