Appetite Lexicon Training

NCT ID: NCT04576585

Last Updated: 2024-05-07

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 29 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2020-08-25
• Study Completion Date: 2022-12-30

Brief Summary

A fundamental limitation to the application of appetitive sensations is how they are measured. The most common approach relies on untrained individuals to self-report the sensations they experience under a given set of conditions. Investigators believe this is problematic because assumptions made about participant ratings are likely not valid. The proposed protocol will permit examination of whether training on appetite lexicon enhances the reliability of appetite ratings. Investigators also hypothesize that different preloads will induce different magnitudes of appetite sensations (hunger, fullness, desire to eat, and prospective consumption) depending on their energy density.

Detailed Description

A fundamental limitation to the application of appetitive sensations is how they are measured. The most common approach relies on untrained individuals to self-report the sensations they experience under a given set of conditions. Investigators believe this is problematic because assumptions made about participant ratings are likely not valid. Most commonly, participants are asked to rate their hunger, desire to eat, fullness, and prospective consumption. For example, researchers have demonstrated that hunger and fullness stem from different physiological processes (e.g., different gut-peptides and neurotransmitters) and serve different purposes (eating initiation (hunger), meal termination (fullness)) and, accordingly, expect participants to rate the two sensations independently. However, participants treat them as opposite poles on a common continuum. Additionally, in focus group analysis, consumers often use researcher-defined distinct terms interchangeably (hunger=desire to eat; fullness =lack of desire to eat). However, the distinction between these sensations is clinically important. Hunger and fullness do not always change reciprocally and equally in clinical conditions. Hunger can change without a shift in fullness, and the reverse has also been reported. Investigators believe reporting sensitivity, selectivity, and reliability can be improved by training participants on the terminology of appetitive sensations prior to testing, just as any bench researcher would calibrate their instruments before measurements. The proposed protocol will permit examination of whether training on appetite lexicon enhances the reliability of appetite ratings. Investigators also hypothesize that different preloads will induce different magnitudes of appetite sensations (hunger, fullness, desire to eat, and prospective consumption) depending on their energy density.

Conditions

Appetitive Behavior

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Blinding Strategy: SINGLE

Study Groups

Appetite lexicon training group

They will get appetite lexicon training in week three.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Lexicon training

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Participants will receive training on the lexicon of appetite on up to 3 days during the training week. This will entail reading written definitions, watching an instructional video, eating exercises and completing training exams demonstrating they understand the distinctions between appetitive terms (hunger, desire to eat, fullness, and prospective consumption). The training will require about 30 minutes to complete. To ensure the success of training, participants must verbally describe the definitions of the outcome sensations to a member of the research team and complete a written quiz with at least 90 % correct responses. Failure to satisfactorily convey understanding of the concepts will result in an offer to repeat the training 2 more times or be rejected from the study.

taste Lexicon training

They will get taste lexicon training In week three.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Lexicon training

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Participants will receive training on the lexicon of appetite on up to 3 days during the training week. This will entail reading written definitions, watching an instructional video, eating exercises and completing training exams demonstrating they understand the distinctions between appetitive terms (hunger, desire to eat, fullness, and prospective consumption). The training will require about 30 minutes to complete. To ensure the success of training, participants must verbally describe the definitions of the outcome sensations to a member of the research team and complete a written quiz with at least 90 % correct responses. Failure to satisfactorily convey understanding of the concepts will result in an offer to repeat the training 2 more times or be rejected from the study.

Interventions

Lexicon training

Participants will receive training on the lexicon of appetite on up to 3 days during the training week. This will entail reading written definitions, watching an instructional video, eating exercises and completing training exams demonstrating they understand the distinctions between appetitive terms (hunger, desire to eat, fullness, and prospective consumption). The training will require about 30 minutes to complete. To ensure the success of training, participants must verbally describe the definitions of the outcome sensations to a member of the research team and complete a written quiz with at least 90 % correct responses. Failure to satisfactorily convey understanding of the concepts will result in an offer to repeat the training 2 more times or be rejected from the study.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

1. BMI 18-25 kg/m2.

2. Age 18-60 years.

3. Body weight fluctuation of <2.5kg in the past 3 months.

4. Fasting blood glucose below 6.1mmol/1 via capillary finger-stick blood sample using a SureStep glucometer (Lifescan, Milpitas, CA).

5. Regular eating pattern (i.e., reliable timing of eating events (±1 hour at least 5 days/wk - absolute pattern is less important than consistency.))

6. Willing to eat all test foods. Exclusion

Exclusion Criteria

1. Having an acute disease.

2. Planning to initiate or terminate the use of medication known to affect appetite.

3. Diagnosed relevant chronic health conditions (e.g. diabetes, cardiovascular disease).

4. Allergies to eggs, peanuts, gluten, dairy, and carrots.

5. Age 61+ years

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 60 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Purdue University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Richard Mattes

Distinguished Professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Richard D Mattes, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Purdue University

Locations

Purdue Univeristy

West Lafayette, Indiana, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

2020-214

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id