Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
52 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2019-05-30
2020-01-15
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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In beginning, basic skills are taught to athletes which consist of strikes, blocks, kicking techniques, stances and different form. Taekwondo (TKD) is recognized by using very fast and high kicks. For this, athletes should be physically fit and active. Muscle strength, power, endurance, flexibility, agility, speed and cardiopulmonary endurance are the main components of physical fitness. Ability of muscle to generate maximum pressure voluntarily is called muscle strength. The force generated in a particular motion is called power. Capability of muscle to produce force against maximal resistance is known as endurance. Agility is ability to change direction while maintaining body balance. Speed is described as the shortest time requisite for an object to travel along a fixed distance. Flexibility is defined as an ability of a joint to move freely. In taekwondo sports both aerobic and anaerobic fitness are required but anaerobic energy contributes a lot during the fight.
Taekwondo is a contact sport and as compared to other martial arts, rate of injuries in taekwondo is very high. During kick, the knee is always in extended position. Quadriceps, hamstrings and calf muscles are activated at different times. Gluteal work as stabilizers during kick. Injuries may occur during fight (54%) as well as during training (36%). Lower limb injuries most common (46%) and upper limb injuries are (18%). Less injuries occur in vertebral areas (10%) and skull area (3%). Agility, flexibility, reactivity, endurance, strength and speed are the main factors related to physical fitness and are important in taekwondo (TKD).
Rope jumping training is very effective in improving muscle work, physical fitness and cardiorespiratory endurance. For many sports activities along with kick boxing, fighting, badminton, and combat sports, skipping rope training is a major training tool. Along with rope jump training, weighted rope jumping protocol has also gain importance in improving physical fitness and athletes' performance. Weighted ropes are made up of hard plastic or steel material having different weights in handle and rope portion. Weighted ropes are usually utilized in 2 specific ways. If weight is only present in handles then its mean it will improve lower limb strength, coordination, speed, response and flexibility. If weight is present in both handles and rope portion, the training will show better results for both upper and lower limb strength and coordination. So, in most of the trainings, weighted rope jumping (WRJ) is recommended in order to achieve its useful effects for both upper limb and lower limb.
In 2018, conducted a research work to see the effects of neuromuscular weighted rope jumping training on lower extremity reaction time. Pre and post training visual and auditory response time of both dominant and non-dominant leg was assessed by Opto Jump System and the result indicated that the weighted rope training program is effective in decreasing the reaction time.
In 2017, investigated the effect of simple rope jumping and weighted rope jumping exercise protocol on body structure and strength performance of young women volleyball athletes. The result showed significant improvement in strength and endurance of both upper and lower limb in weighted rope training group.
In 2016, compared the effects of 12-week normal rope jumping protocol with weighted rope jumping training on physical health assessments along with anaerobic efficency, speed, agility and flexibility in girls adolescent volleyball athletes and in the end anaerobic fitness and agility was significantly improved in experimental group.
In 2011 conducted a study to know the outcomes of simple rope skipping or weighted rope skipping training on strength, coordination and proprioception in girls volleyball participants in which results showed that the weighted rope jump protocol group was the most improved group.
In 2015, Speed and Jumping-rope training protocol on fine motor skills of female school population.SO, it was suggested that rope skipping method can be used as a right program for the development of fine motor skills.
In 2013, the study done, it aim to analyze results of weighted rope jumping training (WRJT) performed by repetition procedure on physical fitness and response time of basketball athletes and weighted rope had improved results of heart rate and anaerobic fitness.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
SINGLE
Study Groups
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technical taekwondo training
Light jogging,running, Stretching exercises,Pushups and sit ups, Punches,Kicks
technical taekwando training
Light jogging followed by star jump, Different running styles (forward, backward and sideways), Stretching exercises (Upper and lower Limb), Pushups and sit ups, Punches (single, double, triple, nonstop punches including speed and power, punches with forward and backward stepping), Kicks (rising kick, front kick, middle kick, drop kick ( in +out+center), Stances (walk stance, punching stance, front deep stance, kicking stance), Blockings (solar block, upper block and lower block), Self -defense (neck gripping, hand gripping, locking), Sand bag drills, Balance training 10 repeatitions of 1 set each, 3 days a week for 8 weeks
weighted rope taekwondo training
weighted rope jump training along with tachnical taekwando training
technical taekwando training
Light jogging followed by star jump, Different running styles (forward, backward and sideways), Stretching exercises (Upper and lower Limb), Pushups and sit ups, Punches (single, double, triple, nonstop punches including speed and power, punches with forward and backward stepping), Kicks (rising kick, front kick, middle kick, drop kick ( in +out+center), Stances (walk stance, punching stance, front deep stance, kicking stance), Blockings (solar block, upper block and lower block), Self -defense (neck gripping, hand gripping, locking), Sand bag drills, Balance training 10 repeatitions of 1 set each, 3 days a week for 8 weeks
weighted rope jump training
Basic bounce step with both feet 2. Bell jump with both feet 3. Skier's jump 4. Right foot skipping 5. Left foot skipping, 6. Alternate foot step 7. Boxer shuffle 8. Side straddle 9. Scissors 10. Bonus jump with both feet After the preparatory weighted rope jump training (WRJT) for 1 week, subjects in experimental group followed jumping training by repetition method 3 days in a week for 8 weeks in addition to the routine taekwondo training program. 3 sets per week with 30 seconds training duration and 30 seconds rest duration. with progressive increase in the intensity and no. of sets.
Interventions
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technical taekwando training
Light jogging followed by star jump, Different running styles (forward, backward and sideways), Stretching exercises (Upper and lower Limb), Pushups and sit ups, Punches (single, double, triple, nonstop punches including speed and power, punches with forward and backward stepping), Kicks (rising kick, front kick, middle kick, drop kick ( in +out+center), Stances (walk stance, punching stance, front deep stance, kicking stance), Blockings (solar block, upper block and lower block), Self -defense (neck gripping, hand gripping, locking), Sand bag drills, Balance training 10 repeatitions of 1 set each, 3 days a week for 8 weeks
weighted rope jump training
Basic bounce step with both feet 2. Bell jump with both feet 3. Skier's jump 4. Right foot skipping 5. Left foot skipping, 6. Alternate foot step 7. Boxer shuffle 8. Side straddle 9. Scissors 10. Bonus jump with both feet After the preparatory weighted rope jump training (WRJT) for 1 week, subjects in experimental group followed jumping training by repetition method 3 days in a week for 8 weeks in addition to the routine taekwondo training program. 3 sets per week with 30 seconds training duration and 30 seconds rest duration. with progressive increase in the intensity and no. of sets.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Athletes having experience of minimum one year
* Athletes already following taekwondo training program
* Participants falling in Bantam to light middle weight category
Exclusion Criteria
* Having a systemic pathology including inflammatory joint disease.
* Having had active intervention related to upper or lower extremity pathology in last 3 months
* Having taken anti-inflammatory medication in the past two weeks.
13 Years
19 Years
MALE
Yes
Sponsors
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Riphah International University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Aisha Razzaq, MS-OMPT
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Riphah International University
Locations
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Riphah International university
Islamabad, Federal, Pakistan
Countries
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References
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Pingale N, Ghagare J. Prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in young taekwondo athletes. 2017.
Fong SS, Ng GY. Does Taekwondo training improve physical fitness? Phys Ther Sport. 2011 May;12(2):100-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2010.07.001.
Lee SM, Ricke G. Official taekwondo training manual: Sterling Publishing Company, Inc.; 2005.
Noorul H, Pieter W, Erie Z. Physical fitness of recreational adolescent taekwondo athletes. Brazilian Journal of Biomotricity. 2008;2(4):230-40.
Santos VG, Franchini E, Lima-Silva AE. Relationship between attack and skipping in Taekwondo contests. J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Jun;25(6):1743-51. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181ddfb0f.
Tornello F, Capranica L, Chiodo S, Minganti C, Tessitore A. Time-motion analysis of youth Olympic Taekwondo combats. J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Jan;27(1):223-8. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182541edd.
Miller TA. National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA)'s Guide to Tests and Assessments. 2012.
Chiodo S, Tessitore A, Cortis C, Lupo C, Ammendolia A, Iona T, Capranica L. Effects of official Taekwondo competitions on all-out performances of elite athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Feb;25(2):334-9. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182027288.
Singh A, Boyat A, Sandhu J. Effect of a 6 week plyometric training pro-gram on agility, vertical jump height and peak torque ratio of Indian Tae-kwondo players. Sport Exerc Med Open J. 2015;1(2):42-6.
Sheppard JM, Young WB. Agility literature review: classifications, training and testing. J Sports Sci. 2006 Sep;24(9):919-32. doi: 10.1080/02640410500457109.
Wasik J. Structure of movement of a turning technique used in the event of special techniques in Taekwon-do ITF. Archives of Budo. 2009;5:111-5.
Turner AN. Strength & conditioning for Taekwondo athletes. Professional Strength & Conditioning. 2009(15):15-27.
Fortina M, Mangano S, Carta S, Carulli C. Analysis of Injuries and Risk Factors in Taekwondo during the 2014 Italian University Championship. Joints. 2017 Aug 4;5(3):168-172. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1605390. eCollection 2017 Sep.
Gleim GW, McHugh MP. Flexibility and its effects on sports injury and performance. Sports Med. 1997 Nov;24(5):289-99. doi: 10.2165/00007256-199724050-00001.
IPEKOGLU G, Erdogan CS, Er F, BALTACI G, COLAKOGLU FF. Effect of 12 week neuromuscular weighted rope jump training on lower extremity reaction time. world. 2018;8:5.
Ozer D, Duzgun I, Baltaci G, Karacan S, Colakoglu F. The effects of rope or weighted rope jump training on strength, coordination and proprioception in adolescent female volleyball players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2011 Jun;51(2):211-9.
Pulur A. The effects of weighted rope training on muscle damage of basketball players. International Journal of Physical Sciences. 2010;5(11):1787-95.
Orhan S. Effect of weighted rope jumping training performed by repetition method on the heart rate, anaerobic power, agility and reaction time of basketball players. Advance in Environmental Biology. 2013;7:945-51.
Turgut E, Çolakoğlu FF, Güzel NA, Karacan S, Baltacı G. Effects of Weighted Versus Standard Jump Rope Training on Physical Fitness in Adolescent Female Volleyball Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon. 2016;27(3):108-15.
Lee B. Jump rope training: Human Kinetics; 2010.
Khanjani M, Nourbakhsh P, Sepasi H. Effects of jumping-rope training on fine motor skills. Trends in Life Sciences. 2015;4(1):164-9.
Duzgun I, Baltaci G, Colakoglu F, Tunay VB, Ozer D. The effects of jump-rope training on shoulder isokinetic strength in adolescent volleyball players. J Sport Rehabil. 2010 May;19(2):184-99. doi: 10.1123/jsr.19.2.184.
Partavi S. Effects of 7 weeks of rope-jump training on cardiovascular endurance, speed, and agility in middle school student boys. Sport Science. 2013;6(2):40-3.
Haghighi AH, Cheraghian J, Hamedinia MR, Harati J. Comparing the Effect of a Jump Rope Training on Physical and Motor Fitness Components Among Primary School Boy and Girl Students.
Other Identifiers
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Fatima iftikhar REC-0577
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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