Accentuated Eccentric Loading Versus Flywheel Exercises in Footballers

NCT ID: NCT06985810

Last Updated: 2025-05-22

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

36 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-07-30

Study Completion Date

2025-04-15

Brief Summary

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In the field of football, the essence of the lower limb strength, power and general performance is greatly valued by any player who wants to perform exceptionally well in both the acceleration, jumping and general agility. Conventional strengthening techniques have always been basic and recent strategies such as the Accentuated Eccentric Loading (AEL) and Flywheel (FW) have been considered as the inventions. AEL increases the muscle contraction during the eccentric phase of exercises and therefore improves hypertrophy and strength. On the other hand, FW uses leverage kinetic energy to oppose, thus, promotes muscle contractions and changes constantly. There is different training modalities that can be applied during training sessions or in prepare to a particular event such as football. Thus, it is essential to compare the applicability of those modalities in training football players. This study design will be Randomized clinical trial. Thirty-six male age 18-21 years who consistently play football and participate in resistance training from previous one year will randomly assigned to the two different exercise protocol i.e. Accentuated eccentric loading and Flywheel. The participants will undergo training program for total of 8 weeks. These two groups will exercise three days in a week and each session will take about 60-75 minutes. In this study researcher will use Back Squat and Leg Press for lower limb strength. Hip thrusts and Broad Jump for lower limb power. Free weights or Weight Machines, 20- meter sprint test and Agility T-test to measure performance of footballers. Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 25.

Detailed Description

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The objective of this study is to compare the impact of Accentuated Eccentric Loading and Flywheel exercises on lower limb strength, power and performance in Football Players.

Conditions

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Sports Physical Therapy

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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Group A

Accentuated Eccentric Loading training

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Accentuated Eccentric Loading training

Intervention Type OTHER

18 particpants will train in AEL group for three days a week for eight weeks and each session will take about 60-75 minutes, focusing on eccentric exercises like back squats, leg press, and hip thrusts at 90% 1RM intensity. Sessions, supervised by coaches, include free weight and weight machine exercises. Performance tests (20m sprint, T-agility, broad jump, 1RM assessments) will evaluate progress at the study's start and end.

Group B

Flywheel exercises

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Flywheel exercises

Intervention Type OTHER

18 particpants will train in FW group for three days a week for eight weeks and each session will take about 60-75 minutes, incorporating compound movements, Flywheel exercises (squats, sprints, jumps), and relevant free weight and weight machine exercises. Supervised sessions maintain consistent parameters. Performance tests (20m speed, T-agility, broad jump, 1RM assessments) will measure improvements at study start and end for evaluation.

Interventions

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Accentuated Eccentric Loading training

18 particpants will train in AEL group for three days a week for eight weeks and each session will take about 60-75 minutes, focusing on eccentric exercises like back squats, leg press, and hip thrusts at 90% 1RM intensity. Sessions, supervised by coaches, include free weight and weight machine exercises. Performance tests (20m sprint, T-agility, broad jump, 1RM assessments) will evaluate progress at the study's start and end.

Intervention Type OTHER

Flywheel exercises

18 particpants will train in FW group for three days a week for eight weeks and each session will take about 60-75 minutes, incorporating compound movements, Flywheel exercises (squats, sprints, jumps), and relevant free weight and weight machine exercises. Supervised sessions maintain consistent parameters. Performance tests (20m speed, T-agility, broad jump, 1RM assessments) will measure improvements at study start and end for evaluation.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Age range: 18-21 years
* Only male participants.
* At least two years of resistance training experience
* Consistent participation in football and resistance training for at least one year prior to the study

Exclusion Criteria

* Neuromuscular or musculoskeletal disorders.
* Participants have undergone any kind of surgery.
* Systematic illness: diabetic, hypertension, Trauma or accident history
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

21 Years

Eligible Sex

MALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Riphah International University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Aamir Gul Memon, MS

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Riphah International University

Locations

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Dring Stadium

Bahawalpur, Punjab Province, Pakistan

Site Status

Countries

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Pakistan

References

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Chaabene H, Markov A, Prieske O, Moran J, Behrens M, Negra Y, Ramirez-Campillo R, Koch U, Mkaouer B. Effect of Flywheel versus Traditional Resistance Training on Change of Direction Performance in Male Athletes: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 9;19(12):7061. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127061.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 35742311 (View on PubMed)

Nuzzo JL, Pinto MD, Nosaka K. Connective Adaptive Resistance Exercise (CARE) Machines for Accentuated Eccentric and Eccentric-Only Exercise: Introduction to an Emerging Concept. Sports Med. 2023 Jul;53(7):1287-1300. doi: 10.1007/s40279-023-01842-z. Epub 2023 Apr 25.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 37097413 (View on PubMed)

Godwin MS, Fearnett T, Newman MA. The Potentiating Response to Accentuated Eccentric Loading in Professional Football Players. Sports (Basel). 2021 Nov 26;9(12):160. doi: 10.3390/sports9120160.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 34941798 (View on PubMed)

Weng Y, Liu H, Ruan T, Yang W, Wei H, Cui Y, Ho IMK, Li Q. Effects of flywheel resistance training on the running economy of young male well-trained distance runners. Front Physiol. 2022 Dec 8;13:1060640. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1060640. eCollection 2022.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 36569754 (View on PubMed)

Stojanovic MDM, Mikic M, Drid P, Calleja-Gonzalez J, Maksimovic N, Belegisanin B, Sekulovic V. Greater Power but Not Strength Gains Using Flywheel Versus Equivolumed Traditional Strength Training in Junior Basketball Players. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 29;18(3):1181. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031181.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33572738 (View on PubMed)

Negra Y, Chaabene H, Sammoud S, Prieske O, Moran J, Ramirez-Campillo R, Nejmaoui A, Granacher U. The Increased Effectiveness of Loaded Versus Unloaded Plyometric Jump Training in Improving Muscle Power, Speed, Change of Direction, and Kicking-Distance Performance in Prepubertal Male Soccer Players. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2020 Feb 1;15(2):189-195. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2018-0866. Epub 2019 Oct 15.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31094246 (View on PubMed)

Sagelv EH, Pedersen S, Nilsen LPR, Casolo A, Welde B, Randers MB, Pettersen SA. Flywheel squats versus free weight high load squats for improving high velocity movements in football. A randomized controlled trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2020 Oct 2;12:61. doi: 10.1186/s13102-020-00210-y. eCollection 2020.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33024564 (View on PubMed)

di Cagno A, Iuliano E, Buonsenso A, Giombini A, Di Martino G, Parisi A, Calcagno G, Fiorilli G. Effects of Accentuated Eccentric Training vs Plyometric Training on Performance of Young Elite Fencers. J Sports Sci Med. 2020 Nov 19;19(4):703-713. eCollection 2020 Dec.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33239944 (View on PubMed)

Wang J, Zhang Q, Chen W, Fu H, Zhang M, Fan Y. The effect of flywheel complex training with eccentric-overload on muscular adaptation in elite female volleyball players. PeerJ. 2024 Mar 21;12:e17079. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17079. eCollection 2024.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 38525282 (View on PubMed)

Oliver JL, Ramachandran AK, Singh U, Ramirez-Campillo R, Lloyd RS. The Effects of Strength, Plyometric and Combined Training on Strength, Power and Speed Characteristics in High-Level, Highly Trained Male Youth Soccer Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med. 2024 Mar;54(3):623-643. doi: 10.1007/s40279-023-01944-8. Epub 2023 Oct 28.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 37897637 (View on PubMed)

Armitage M, McErlain-Naylor SA, Devereux G, Beato M, Buckthorpe M. On-field rehabilitation in football: Current knowledge, applications and future directions. Front Sports Act Living. 2022 Dec 5;4:970152. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2022.970152. eCollection 2022. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 36544545 (View on PubMed)

Yuan S, Lu Z, Tan S, Zhang Z, Jing S, Liu H, Zhou Z, Bao D. Comparison of six-week flywheel and traditional resistance training on deceleration and dynamic balance in elite badminton players. Front Physiol. 2025 Feb 25;16:1491661. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1491661. eCollection 2025.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 40070459 (View on PubMed)

Beato M, Dello Iacono A. Implementing Flywheel (Isoinertial) Exercise in Strength Training: Current Evidence, Practical Recommendations, and Future Directions. Front Physiol. 2020 Jun 3;11:569. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00569. eCollection 2020. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 32581845 (View on PubMed)

Maroto-Izquierdo S, Martin-Rivera F, Nosaka K, Beato M, Gonzalez-Gallego J, de Paz JA. Effects of submaximal and supramaximal accentuated eccentric loading on mass and function. Front Physiol. 2023 Jun 28;14:1176835. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1176835. eCollection 2023.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 37449014 (View on PubMed)

Perna P, de Keijzer KL, Beato M. Flywheel resistance training in football: a useful rehabilitation tool for practitioners. Front Sports Act Living. 2024 Jul 5;6:1434995. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1434995. eCollection 2024. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 39036368 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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REC/RCR & AHS/24/0454

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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