Stereotype Threat Effect on CPR Performance in Covid-19 Intensive Care Units: A Randomised Controlled Mannequin Study

NCT ID: NCT05074446

Last Updated: 2023-01-04

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 116 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2021-11-15
• Study Completion Date: 2023-01-02

Brief Summary

Stereotype threat (ST) is an important issue that has been studied repeatedly in the psychology literature. ST is the thought that a person will be negatively evaluated and judged regarding a negative stereotype that belongs to the group to which he/she belongs. Most people are members of a social group associated with at least one negative stereotype. Therefore, many people in society may be the target of stereotype threat. Previous research has shown that the individual performance of people in groups identified with negative stereotypes, who are exposed to stereotype threat, decreases. The ST may arise when there is an environment in which the skills of the person that may be affected by a stereotype associated with his/her group can be measured, or if this stereotype has become evident.

In Covid-19, there has been a rapid increase in the number of intensive care patients in our country and around the World. Due to this rapid increase, the number of intensivist physicians is insufficient, and non-intensivist physicians from various branches are assigned to intensive care units. In social media and newspaper reports, it was stated that non-intensivist physicians have insufficient knowledge and skills in intubation and in the treatment of lung infection, and the public was asked to take precautions. However, these physicians were expected to treat lung infections and intubate the patients in intensive care units during pandemics. It is unknown to what extent such negative stereotypes, established or already existing, affect the performance of non-intensivist physicians during their appointment to the intensive care units during the pandemic.

As in all other departments, the most basic task expected from doctors in intensive care units is effective basic life support applied for the treatment of cardiopulmonary arrest. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a basic life support model that is mandatory taught in medical schools. For this reason, it is expected that all doctors, regardless of their specialties, will be able to perform CPR effectively. The use of manikins is quite common in order to standardize CPR training and performance measurement. The aim of this study is to evaluate how non-intensivist physicians assigned to intensive care units during the pandemic are affected by stereotype threat and to investigate the necessary conditions to prevent a possible decrease in performance in these physicians.

Conditions

Stereotype-threat; COVID-19

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: DIAGNOSTIC
• Blinding Strategy: TRIPLE

Study Groups

intensivist in the experimental group

Stereotype threat manipulation will be performed on the intensivist in the experimental group just before they are taken into the testing room.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

stereotype threat manipulation

Intervention Type: OTHER

Stereotype threat is the thought that a person will be negatively evaluated and judged regarding a negative stereotype that belongs to the group to which he/she belongs.

Stereotype threat manipulation will be performed on the intensivist and non-intensivist participants in the experimental group just before they are taken into the testing room. For manipulation, the following sentences will be said to the participants in the experimental group: "We aim to compare the cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance between intensive care units and other branches." The other participants (Control Group) will not be given any prior information.

intensivist in the control group

The intensivist in the control group will not be given any prior information.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

non-intensivist in the experimental group

Stereotype threat manipulation will be performed on the non-intensivist in the experimental group just before they are taken into the testing room.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

stereotype threat manipulation

Intervention Type: OTHER

Stereotype threat is the thought that a person will be negatively evaluated and judged regarding a negative stereotype that belongs to the group to which he/she belongs.

Stereotype threat manipulation will be performed on the intensivist and non-intensivist participants in the experimental group just before they are taken into the testing room. For manipulation, the following sentences will be said to the participants in the experimental group: "We aim to compare the cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance between intensive care units and other branches." The other participants (Control Group) will not be given any prior information.

non-intensivist in the control group

The non-intensivist in the control group will not be given any prior information.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

stereotype threat manipulation

Stereotype threat is the thought that a person will be negatively evaluated and judged regarding a negative stereotype that belongs to the group to which he/she belongs.

Stereotype threat manipulation will be performed on the intensivist and non-intensivist participants in the experimental group just before they are taken into the testing room. For manipulation, the following sentences will be said to the participants in the experimental group: "We aim to compare the cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance between intensive care units and other branches." The other participants (Control Group) will not be given any prior information.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

1- To have worked in the Covid-19 intensive care unit during the pandemic

Exclusion Criteria

1. Not meeting the above criteria

2. Not willing to participate in the study

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Hacettepe University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Murat Tümer

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Hacettepe University Hospital

Ankara, , Turkey (Türkiye)

Countries

Turkey (Türkiye)

References

Steele CM, Aronson J. Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1995 Nov;69(5):797-811. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.69.5.797.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 7473032 (View on PubMed)

Steele, C. M., Spencer, S. J., & Aronson, J. (2002). Contending with group image: The psychology of stereotype and social identity threat. In Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 34, pp. 379-440). Academic Press.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

Steele CM. A threat in the air. How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance. Am Psychol. 1997 Jun;52(6):613-29. doi: 10.1037//0003-066x.52.6.613.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 9174398 (View on PubMed)

Genel Koronavirüs Tablosu. (2021). Retrieved June 22, 2021, from https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/TR-66935/genel-koronavirus-tablosu.html

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

Baumgaertner, E., & Karlamangla, S. (2020, March 20). Coronavirus outbreak has doctors, nurses bracing for onslaught. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-20/coronavirus-doctors-nurses-fears-ventilator-icu-emergency

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

Katipoglu B, Madziala MA, Evrin T, Gawlowski P, Szarpak A, Dabrowska A, Bialka S, Ladny JR, Szarpak L, Konert A, Smereka J. How should we teach cardiopulmonary resuscitation? Randomized multi-center study. Cardiol J. 2021;28(3):439-445. doi: 10.5603/CJ.a2019.0092. Epub 2019 Sep 30.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 31565794 (View on PubMed)

Ontrup G, Vogel M, Wolf OT, Zahn PK, Kluge A, Hagemann V. Does simulation-based training in medical education need additional stressors? An experimental study. Ergonomics. 2020 Jan;63(1):80-90. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2019.1677948. Epub 2019 Oct 31.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 31587619 (View on PubMed)

Board, T. [@tim_n_board]. (2020, March 16). #stayhome #covid [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/tim_n_board/status/1239499551419047936?s=20

Reference Type: RESULT

Provided Documents

Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan

View Document

Other Identifiers

Stereotype Threat on Covid ICU

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id