Effects of Long-Duration Spaceflight on General and Spatial Cognition and Its Neural Basis

NCT ID: NCT04856410

Last Updated: 2025-10-10

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

14 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-08-01

Study Completion Date

2028-06-30

Brief Summary

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This study investigates the effects of extended-duration spaceflight (12-month International Space Station missions) on general cognitive performance (measured with the Cognition test battery), spatial cognition, structural and functional brain changes in general, and hippocampal plasticity more specifically relative to the shorter 6-month and 2-month missions.

Detailed Description

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This is an international proposal consisting of two projects with synergistic aims that will be carried out in a joint effort by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the German Aerospace Center (DLR) as well as the European Space Agency (ESA). The project targets NASA's particular interest in studying the 'Cognitive-perceptual-visuospatial brain domain changes due to isolation and confinement' as part of the Complement of Integrated Protocols for Human Exploration Research (CIPHER) project on the International Space Station (ISS). The collected data will demonstrate whether prolonging mission duration to one year will have detrimental effects on general cognitive performance (measured with the Cognition test battery), spatial cognition, structural and functional brain changes in general, and hippocampal plasticity more specifically relative to the shorter 6-month and 2-month ISS missions. Using state-of-the-art neuroimaging techniques, investigators will determine the biological basis for any changes in cognitive performance, with a focus on hippocampal plasticity and spatial cognition. Similar data already gathered on the ISS and in several short- and long-duration space analog environments will be used to generate a normative data base for long-duration missions. Finally, investigators will derive dose-response relationships between cognitive-visuospatial brain domain changes and mission duration that will allow predicting vulnerability to adverse cognitive or behavioral impairment and psychiatric disorders on interplanetary expeditions such as a mission to Mars. The two projects will deliver a highly unique and comprehensive set of integrated neuroimaging and neurocognitive tools for the evaluation and ultimately prevention of adverse effects on brain structure and function that lead to behavioral effects associated with exploration-type missions.

Conditions

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Brain Structure Cognitive Performance

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NON_RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

This study will investigate 5 astronauts on 6-month ISS missions, 2 astronauts on 12-month ISS missions, and 7 control subjects that are matched to astronauts and investigated at similar time points.
Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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6-Month Arm

Astronauts on 6-month International Space Station missions will be exposed to spaceflight for a duration of 6 months. Biometric and cognitive data will routinely be collected.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Spaceflight

Intervention Type OTHER

Exposure to the spaceflight environment on the International Space Station for 2, 6, or 12 months.

12-Month Arm

Astronauts on 12-month International Space Station missions will be exposed to spaceflight for a duration of 12 months. Biometric and cognitive data will routinely be collected.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Spaceflight

Intervention Type OTHER

Exposure to the spaceflight environment on the International Space Station for 2, 6, or 12 months.

No Intervention

Subjects matched to 12-month astronauts that stay on Earth and are investigated at similar time points.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Controls

Intervention Type OTHER

No intervention

Interventions

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Spaceflight

Exposure to the spaceflight environment on the International Space Station for 2, 6, or 12 months.

Intervention Type OTHER

Controls

No intervention

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

1. Astronauts (according to NASA requirements)
2. Normal, healthy volunteers (astronaut surrogates) - Astronaut surrogates will be matched for sex, age and education relative to astronauts

Exclusion Criteria

For astronauts and normal, healthy volunteers (astronaut surrogates):

1. Subjects that do not comply with the MRI testing requirements. The following and other conditions may exclude the subject from MRI scanning or require additional examination to assess specific contraindications:

* Tinnitus;
* Sensori-neural hearing loss \> 30 decibels (dB);
* Pace-maker or internal defibrillator;
* metallic implants (e.g. orthopedic plates after bone fractures, joint replacements, surgical staples or clips, artificial heart valves, stents, cava filters);
* Metallic splinters (e.g. after an accident or due to war injury);
* Non-removable dental brace;
* Intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUD) that are not MRI-compatible;
* Cochlear implant (implanted hearing device);
* Medication pump;
* Acupuncture needle;
* Other foreign bodies/objects which are non-removable;
* Pregnancy (or its possibility);
* Previous brain and/or heart surgery.
* Tattoos and/or permanent make-up in the body (some inks contain metallic particles).
2. Female subjects in this study are either astronauts or will model those in the astronaut population for whom participation in space missions is not allowed during pregnancy.
Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

FED

Sponsor Role collaborator

DLR German Aerospace Center

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Charite University, Berlin, Germany

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Pennsylvania

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Mathias Basner, MD, PhD

Professor

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

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University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

Johnson Space Center (JSC)

Houston, Texas, United States

Site Status

Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin

Berlin, , Germany

Site Status

Countries

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United States Germany

References

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Basner M, Moore TM, Hermosillo E, Nasrini J, Dinges DF, Gur RC, Johannes B. Cognition Test Battery Performance Is Associated with Simulated 6df Spacecraft Docking Performance. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020 Nov 1;91(11):861-867. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.5602.2020.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33334406 (View on PubMed)

Afshinnekoo E, Scott RT, MacKay MJ, Pariset E, Cekanaviciute E, Barker R, Gilroy S, Hassane D, Smith SM, Zwart SR, Nelman-Gonzalez M, Crucian BE, Ponomarev SA, Orlov OI, Shiba D, Muratani M, Yamamoto M, Richards SE, Vaishampayan PA, Meydan C, Foox J, Myrrhe J, Istasse E, Singh N, Venkateswaran K, Keune JA, Ray HE, Basner M, Miller J, Vitaterna MH, Taylor DM, Wallace D, Rubins K, Bailey SM, Grabham P, Costes SV, Mason CE, Beheshti A. Fundamental Biological Features of Spaceflight: Advancing the Field to Enable Deep-Space Exploration. Cell. 2020 Nov 25;183(5):1162-1184. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.050.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33242416 (View on PubMed)

Basner M, Hermosillo E, Nasrini J, Saxena S, Dinges DF, Moore TM, Gur RC. Cognition test battery: Adjusting for practice and stimulus set effects for varying administration intervals in high performing individuals. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2020 Jul;42(5):516-529. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2020.1773765. Epub 2020 Jun 15.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 32539487 (View on PubMed)

Nasrini J, Hermosillo E, Dinges DF, Moore TM, Gur RC, Basner M. Cognitive Performance During Confinement and Sleep Restriction in NASA's Human Exploration Research Analog (HERA). Front Physiol. 2020 Apr 28;11:394. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00394. eCollection 2020.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 32411017 (View on PubMed)

Lee G, Moore TM, Basner M, Nasrini J, Roalf DR, Ruparel K, Port AM, Dinges DF, Gur RC. Age, Sex, and Repeated Measures Effects on NASA's "Cognition" Test Battery in STEM Educated Adults. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020 Jan 1;91(1):18-25. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.5485.2020.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31852569 (View on PubMed)

Scully RR, Basner M, Nasrini J, Lam CW, Hermosillo E, Gur RC, Moore T, Alexander DJ, Satish U, Ryder VE. Effects of acute exposures to carbon dioxide on decision making and cognition in astronaut-like subjects. NPJ Microgravity. 2019 Jun 19;5:17. doi: 10.1038/s41526-019-0071-6. eCollection 2019.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31240239 (View on PubMed)

Garrett-Bakelman FE, Darshi M, Green SJ, Gur RC, Lin L, Macias BR, McKenna MJ, Meydan C, Mishra T, Nasrini J, Piening BD, Rizzardi LF, Sharma K, Siamwala JH, Taylor L, Vitaterna MH, Afkarian M, Afshinnekoo E, Ahadi S, Ambati A, Arya M, Bezdan D, Callahan CM, Chen S, Choi AMK, Chlipala GE, Contrepois K, Covington M, Crucian BE, De Vivo I, Dinges DF, Ebert DJ, Feinberg JI, Gandara JA, George KA, Goutsias J, Grills GS, Hargens AR, Heer M, Hillary RP, Hoofnagle AN, Hook VYH, Jenkinson G, Jiang P, Keshavarzian A, Laurie SS, Lee-McMullen B, Lumpkins SB, MacKay M, Maienschein-Cline MG, Melnick AM, Moore TM, Nakahira K, Patel HH, Pietrzyk R, Rao V, Saito R, Salins DN, Schilling JM, Sears DD, Sheridan CK, Stenger MB, Tryggvadottir R, Urban AE, Vaisar T, Van Espen B, Zhang J, Ziegler MG, Zwart SR, Charles JB, Kundrot CE, Scott GBI, Bailey SM, Basner M, Feinberg AP, Lee SMC, Mason CE, Mignot E, Rana BK, Smith SM, Snyder MP, Turek FW. The NASA Twins Study: A multidimensional analysis of a year-long human spaceflight. Science. 2019 Apr 12;364(6436):eaau8650. doi: 10.1126/science.aau8650.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30975860 (View on PubMed)

Basner M, Nasrini J, Hermosillo E, McGuire S, Dinges DF, Moore TM, Gur RC, Rittweger J, Mulder E, Wittkowski M, Donoviel D, Stevens B, Bershad EM; SPACECOT Investigator Group. Effects of -12 degrees head-down tilt with and without elevated levels of CO2 on cognitive performance: the SPACECOT study. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2018 Mar 1;124(3):750-760. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00855.2017. Epub 2017 Dec 14.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29357516 (View on PubMed)

Moore TM, Basner M, Nasrini J, Hermosillo E, Kabadi S, Roalf DR, McGuire S, Ecker AJ, Ruparel K, Port AM, Jackson CT, Dinges DF, Gur RC. Validation of the Cognition Test Battery for Spaceflight in a Sample of Highly Educated Adults. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017 Oct 1;88(10):937-946. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.4801.2017.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28923143 (View on PubMed)

Basner M, Savitt A, Moore TM, Port AM, McGuire S, Ecker AJ, Nasrini J, Mollicone DJ, Mott CM, McCann T, Dinges DF, Gur RC. Development and Validation of the Cognition Test Battery for Spaceflight. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2015 Nov;86(11):942-52. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.4343.2015.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26564759 (View on PubMed)

Basner M, Dinges DF, Mollicone DJ, Savelev I, Ecker AJ, Di Antonio A, Jones CW, Hyder EC, Kan K, Morukov BV, Sutton JP. Psychological and behavioral changes during confinement in a 520-day simulated interplanetary mission to mars. PLoS One. 2014 Mar 27;9(3):e93298. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093298. eCollection 2014.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24675720 (View on PubMed)

Basner M, Dinges DF, Mollicone D, Ecker A, Jones CW, Hyder EC, Di Antonio A, Savelev I, Kan K, Goel N, Morukov BV, Sutton JP. Mars 520-d mission simulation reveals protracted crew hypokinesis and alterations of sleep duration and timing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Feb 12;110(7):2635-40. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1212646110. Epub 2013 Jan 7.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23297197 (View on PubMed)

Mendt S, Gunga HC, Felsenberg D, Belavy DL, Steinach M, Stahn AC. Regular exercise counteracts circadian shifts in core body temperature during long-duration bed rest. NPJ Microgravity. 2021 Jan 5;7(1):1. doi: 10.1038/s41526-020-00129-1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33402671 (View on PubMed)

Chouker A, Stahn AC. COVID-19-The largest isolation study in history: the value of shared learnings from spaceflight analogs. NPJ Microgravity. 2020 Oct 22;6:32. doi: 10.1038/s41526-020-00122-8. eCollection 2020.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Friedl-Werner A, Brauns K, Gunga HC, Kuhn S, Stahn AC. Exercise-induced changes in brain activity during memory encoding and retrieval after long-term bed rest. Neuroimage. 2020 Dec;223:117359. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117359. Epub 2020 Sep 10.

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Stahn AC, Werner A, Opatz O, Maggioni MA, Steinach M, von Ahlefeld VW, Moore A, Crucian BE, Smith SM, Zwart SR, Schlabs T, Mendt S, Trippel T, Koralewski E, Koch J, Chouker A, Reitz G, Shang P, Rocker L, Kirsch KA, Gunga HC. Increased core body temperature in astronauts during long-duration space missions. Sci Rep. 2017 Nov 23;7(1):16180. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-15560-w.

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Provided Documents

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Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan

View Document

Document Type: Informed Consent Form

View Document

Related Links

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https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.638669/full

Reference article that does not have a pubmed ID yet "Head-Down Tilt Position, but Not the Duration of Bed Rest Affects Resting State Electrocortical Activity"

Other Identifiers

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80NSSC19K1046

Identifier Type: OTHER_GRANT

Identifier Source: secondary_id

50WB2115

Identifier Type: OTHER_GRANT

Identifier Source: secondary_id

843851

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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