The Peripheral Intravenous Catheterisation

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

120 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2018-01-18

Study Completion Date

2018-04-30

Brief Summary

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Pain management during medical care is considered to be a basic human right and also affects patient satisfaction. In addition, effective management of acute pain contributes to improved patient outcomes. Patient satisfaction is a subjective state that indicates whether the healthcare provided has met the patient's needs and expectations. Many nurse theorists, including Florence Nightingale, have expressed the importance of providing comfort and relief for patients. In fact, comfort has been a crucial aspect of patient care since Nightingale's days, and has been considered an indispensable constituent of integrated nursing care. Studies to improve comfort may contribute to improving individuals' health outcomes, enforcing health-improvement behaviors, and improving healthcare quality as well as satisfaction and contentment of the individual and the nurse in the process of administering healthcare. In the literature, although the efficacy of various pharmacological methods for reducing pain associated with the insertion of PIC has been evaluated in adults, studies on nonpharmacological methods are limited. However, most of the studies were performed in healthy adults. Easy, inexpensive, and fast methods with unlikely side effects are needed to control pain and distress due to the PIC insertion in adults. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of distraction methods.

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Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Pain

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Investigators

The researcher, who did not know which patient was in which group, collected the data on the assessment of PIC procedure-associated pain and satisfaction levels immediately after PIC insertion using face-to-face interviews.

Study Groups

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Distraction1 group

Distraction-1 Group (Cards containing optical illusion pictures)

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Distraction

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Distraction-1 Group: Cards containing approximately six optical illusion pictures were shown to the patients and as a method of distraction during the PIC insertion procedure they were asked what they saw in these cards.

Distraction-2 Group: Underwater 3D audial videos were played with visual reality (VR) goggles during PIC insertion until the procedure was completed.

Control

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Distraction 2 group

Distraction-2 Group

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Distraction

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Distraction-1 Group: Cards containing approximately six optical illusion pictures were shown to the patients and as a method of distraction during the PIC insertion procedure they were asked what they saw in these cards.

Distraction-2 Group: Underwater 3D audial videos were played with visual reality (VR) goggles during PIC insertion until the procedure was completed.

Interventions

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Distraction

Distraction-1 Group: Cards containing approximately six optical illusion pictures were shown to the patients and as a method of distraction during the PIC insertion procedure they were asked what they saw in these cards.

Distraction-2 Group: Underwater 3D audial videos were played with visual reality (VR) goggles during PIC insertion until the procedure was completed.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Patients who ranked 4 (less urgent) and 5 (non-urgent) based on Canadian Emergency Department Triage
* Patients who had no visual, audial, or lingual disabilities, and no mental disorder.

Exclusion Criteria

* Patients who planned to have PIC insertion and were suitable for having a peripheral intravenous catheter insertion at their antecubital location using 20 Gauge (pink) cannula were eligible.
* Patients who refused to participate in the study,
* Patients who were not eligible for a 20 G peripheral intravenous catheter insertion,
* Patients who could not be inserted a peripheral intravenous catheter at the first time

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

65 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No