Effect of Flavored, Carbonated Drinks on Salivary Flow, Salivary Composition, and Taste Perceptions

NCT ID: NCT06933290

Last Updated: 2025-04-18

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

13 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-03-24

Study Completion Date

2025-06-29

Brief Summary

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To determine the effect of flavored, carbonated drinks on salivary flow rate, saliva composition, and taste perceptions compared with control drinks (water, carbonated water, non-carbonated)

Detailed Description

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Previous studies have shown that drinking a beverage can stimulate the production of saliva and alter its composition. These effects could impact oral processing and taste perceptions. Various ingredients in beverages such as carbonation may affect saliva and oral processing. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of flavored carbonated beverages on salivary flow rate, saliva composition (pH, mucins, carbonic anhydrase, and total protein), and taste perceptions compared with unflavored and non-carbonated control drinks.

Conditions

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Taste Perception Saliva Production

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Outcome Assessors
Partially blinded. Uncarbonated flavored drinks and water are distinguishable from carbonated flavored drinks and water.

Study Groups

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Flavored carbonated drink 1

Flavored carbonated beverage with nutritive sweeteners

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Beverage

Intervention Type OTHER

15 milliliter aliquot interspersed with tastants with a 3 minute break between tastants

Flavored carbonated drink 2

Flavored carbonated beverage with non-nutritive sweeteners

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Beverage

Intervention Type OTHER

15 milliliter aliquot interspersed with tastants with a 3 minute break between tastants

Flavored drink

Flavored non-carbonated beverage with nutritive sweeteners

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Beverage

Intervention Type OTHER

15 milliliter aliquot interspersed with tastants with a 3 minute break between tastants

Flavored non-carbonated drink

Flavored non-carbonated beverage with non-nutritive sweeteners

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Beverage

Intervention Type OTHER

15 milliliter aliquot interspersed with tastants with a 3 minute break between tastants

Carbonated Water

Unflavored carbonated water

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Beverage

Intervention Type OTHER

15 milliliter aliquot interspersed with tastants with a 3 minute break between tastants

Water

Plain, unflavored, non-carbonated water

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Beverage

Intervention Type OTHER

15 milliliter aliquot interspersed with tastants with a 3 minute break between tastants

Interventions

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Beverage

15 milliliter aliquot interspersed with tastants with a 3 minute break between tastants

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Subject is male or female
* If female, subject is not pregnant or nursing (based on self-report)
* Subject is 18-45 years of age, inclusive
* Subject is a regular consumer of carbonated drinks (questionnaire)
* Subject is willing to avoid alcohol consumption 24 hours prior to visits
* Subject is willing to fast (no food or gum) for 2 hours prior to study sessions
* Able to speak, write, and read English
* Provision of written consent to participate

Exclusion Criteria

* Subject smokes, vapes, or uses any nicotine/tobacco products (or has quit for less than 6 months)
* Subject currently has or recently had an illness (cold, flu, COVID) within the past month
* Subject has a condition affecting the oral cavity such as Xerostomia (dry mouth), Sores/lesions, Untreated dental caries, Major dental implants/appliances (including dentures)
* Subject has a reduced sense of taste (dysgeusia) or smell (parosmia)
* Subject has a health condition that would interfere with the study as indicated on the general health questionnaire (GHQ) (including cardiovascular, renal, or metabolic diseases)
* Subject has participated in a clinical trial within the past 30 days
* Subject has participated in any PepsiCo trial within past 6 months
* Subject has a condition or is taking medication that the investigator believes would interfere with his/her ability to provide informed consent, comply with the study protocol, which might confound the interpretation of the study results, or put the person at undue risk
* Subject is employed by, or has a parent, guardian, or other immediate family member employed by a company that manufactures any products that compete with any PepsiCo product. If subject is unsure if a company would be considered a competitor to PepsiCo, they will be asked to please let the study investigator know the name of the other company and the nature of their relationship to that company before they sign the informed consent.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

45 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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PepsiCo Global R&D

INDUSTRY

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Lindsay Baker, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

PepsiCo, Inc. Sports Science

Locations

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Gatorade Sports Science Institute

Valhalla, New York, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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United States

Central Contacts

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Lindsay Baker, PhD

Role: CONTACT

814-883-9454

Facility Contacts

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Lindsay Baker, PhD

Role: primary

814-883-9454

Michelle King, PhD

Role: backup

815-441-2988

Other Identifiers

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PEP-2423

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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