Calm College: A Brief Mobile App Meditation Intervention Among Stressed College Students
NCT ID: NCT03891810
Last Updated: 2019-05-01
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
88 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2017-09-01
2018-05-01
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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The study design is a randomized control trial with baseline, post-intervention (8 wks from baseline), and follow-up (12 wks from baseline) assessments. College students will be randomized to either a Calm College Intervention group or a delayed response group. Participants will be randomized after the completion of baseline and informed consent.
Aim 1: Investigate the effects of an 8-wk mobile meditation application (i.e., Calm) to reduce self-reported stress in ASU undergraduate students with moderate, high or extreme levels of stress as compared to a wait-list control group.
Aim 2: Explore the relationship between stress and reported health risk behaviors (i.e., inadequate sleep, physical inactivity, dietary behaviors, and alcohol consumption) in college students who use a mobile meditation application (i.e, Calm).
Recruitment: Participants will be recruited during September 2017. Interested participants will be directed to a Qualtrics link to complete an online eligibility screener. The screener will take approximately 10 minutes to complete (See Eligibility Survey). The survey will be free, voluntary, and available online. Participants will be allowed to skip questions in the survey.
Eligibility: Once eligibility is determined, participants will be sent an informed consent and baseline questionnaire via a Qualtrics link. This measure should take approximately 20 minutes to complete (See Informed Consent and Baseline Questionnaire). Once Informed Consent is signed and the Baseline Questionnaire is complete, participants will be randomized via an online randomizer (i.e., randomizer.com) to either a delayed response group or Calm College group. Ineligible participants will be sent an email notifying their status and given information on how to download Calm College (See Participant Scripts).
Enrollment: The Research Team will email the intervention participants that will include instructions to download Calm College (Participant Scripts). The control participants will be emailed and asked to not participate in any mindfulness based activities for 12-wks (See Participant Scrips). The intervention will run for 8-wks with a 4-wk follow-up period. Intervention participants will complete "7 days of Calm" during Week 1. For the remaining weeks (Week 2- Week 8) intervention participants will then be asked to meditate during the weekday from a 10-minute meditation of their choice. Throughout the intervention, the Calm College group will be sent reminder texts/emails via Google Voice to participate in the meditation sessions if participants are not meditating for more than 30 minutes a week (see Participant Scripts).
Tracking: Participation in the Calm College meditations will be tracked (meditation name, time of day, and time spent in meditation) by the Calm team.
Post-intervention: Post-intervention questionnaire will be emailed to intervention and control participants via a link from Qualtrics (See Post-intervention questionnaire delayed response, post-intervention questionnaire intervention). Intervention participants will have access to Calm College, but will not be asked to meditate.
Follow-up: Follow-up questionnaire will be emailed to intervention and control participants via a link from Qualtrics (See Follow-up questionnaire). Once follow-up measures have been completed, the control group will be emailed instructions on how to download Calm College.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
NONE
Study Groups
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Calm
The intervention ran for 8-wks with a 4-wk follow-up period. Intervention participants completed "7 days of Calm" during Week 1. For the remaining weeks (Week 2- Week 8) intervention participants were asked to meditate during the weekday from a 10-minute meditation of their choice. Throughout the intervention, the Calm College group were sent reminder texts/emails via Google Voice to participate in the meditation sessions if participants are not meditating for more than 30 minutes a week (see Participant Scripts).
Calm
The intervention ran for 8-wks with a 4-wk follow-up period. Intervention participants completed "7 days of Calm" during Week 1. For the remaining weeks (Week 2- Week 8) intervention participants were asked to meditate during the weekday from a 10-minute meditation of their choice. Throughout the intervention, the Calm College group were sent reminder texts/emails via Google Voice to participate in the meditation sessions if participants are not meditating for more than 30 minutes a week (see Participant Scripts).
Control
This group was a wait list control group who received the treatment following the intervention period.
No interventions assigned to this group
Interventions
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Calm
The intervention ran for 8-wks with a 4-wk follow-up period. Intervention participants completed "7 days of Calm" during Week 1. For the remaining weeks (Week 2- Week 8) intervention participants were asked to meditate during the weekday from a 10-minute meditation of their choice. Throughout the intervention, the Calm College group were sent reminder texts/emails via Google Voice to participate in the meditation sessions if participants are not meditating for more than 30 minutes a week (see Participant Scripts).
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* 18 years of age
* Able to read/understand English
* Own a smartphone
* A score of 14 or higher on the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)
* Willingness to be randomized
* Willingness to download the Calm application
Exclusion Criteria
* Currently utilize Calm or any other mindfulness based mobile application
* low levels of stress (i.e., less than a score of 14 assessed with the Perceived Stress Scale)
18 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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Arizona State University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Jennifer Huberty
Associate Professor
Locations
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Arizona State University
Phoenix, Arizona, United States
Countries
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References
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Baum A. Stress, intrusive imagery, and chronic distress. Health Psychol. 1990;9(6):653-75. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.9.6.653.
Edenfield TM, Saeed SA. An update on mindfulness meditation as a self-help treatment for anxiety and depression. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2012;5:131-41. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S34937. Epub 2012 Nov 23.
Leppink EW, Odlaug BL, Lust K, Christenson G, Grant JE. The Young and the Stressed: Stress, Impulse Control, and Health in College Students. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2016 Dec;204(12):931-938. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000000586.
McIndoo CC, File AA, Preddy T, Clark CG, Hopko DR. Mindfulness-based therapy and behavioral activation: A randomized controlled trial with depressed college students. Behav Res Ther. 2016 Feb;77:118-28. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2015.12.012. Epub 2015 Dec 23.
Caldwell K, Harrison M, Adams M, Quin RH, Greeson J. Developing mindfulness in college students through movement-based courses: effects on self-regulatory self-efficacy, mood, stress, and sleep quality. J Am Coll Health. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(5):433-42. doi: 10.1080/07448480903540481.
Huberty J, Green J, Glissmann C, Larkey L, Puzia M, Lee C. Efficacy of the Mindfulness Meditation Mobile App "Calm" to Reduce Stress Among College Students: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2019 Jun 25;7(6):e14273. doi: 10.2196/14273.
Other Identifiers
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STUDY00006896
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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