Detecting Non-convulsive Seizures in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit

NCT ID: NCT03856775

Last Updated: 2023-04-11

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Total Enrollment: 8 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2019-08-01
• Study Completion Date: 2023-01-30

Brief Summary

The objective of this study is to determine if paediatric intensive care nurses and physicians can identify non-convulsive seizures in critically ill children using quantitative electroencephalography (EEG), in real time at the bedside. Quantitative EEG is a computer software tool which summarizes large volumes of brain wave electrical activity, called EEG into simple graphs and patterns. This has helped to shorten the EEG reading time.The study will also describe the neurological outcome of children monitored this way and assess if it's possible to use this approach. The investigators hypothesis is that paediatric intensive care nurses and physicians with focused training should be the first to identify non-convulsive seizures at the bedside using quantitative EEG, with reasonable accuracy and reliability. They should be able to confirm their findings with a neurologist to treat seizures quickly without over treatment. Due to the small numbers in this pilot study, the investigators are unlikely to be able to draw definitive conclusions on the clinical effects of this approach on the short- or long-term outcomes. This proof-of-concept study should, enable the investigators to assess if it's possible to use this method for a future multi-centre controlled study.

Detailed Description

Overall Goals: The overall goals of this research are to: (i) determine the feasibility of studying another approach to the detection of non-convulsive seizures in the paediatric intensive care unit, (ii) determine if paediatric intensive care nurses and non-neurophysiologist critical-care physicians can accurately identify seizures in critically ill children by reading quantitative EEG trends, as well as the positive and negative predictive value and inter-rater reliability of this approach, (iii) explore children's short- and long-term neurological outcomes.

Background: Non-convulsive seizures and non-convulsive status epilepticus are common in children with acute brain injury admitted to paediatric intensive care units. Electrographic seizure burden and status epilepticus contribute to neuronal injury, and worsen functional and quality of life outcomes. Accurate and timely diagnosis and treatment of non-convulsive seizures are essential in these critically ill children.

Purpose: This exploratory study aims to: (i) enable the investigators, after proof of concept, to assess the feasibility of this method, (ii) determine the performance - in real time at the bedside of critically ill children - of caregivers other than neurologists to identify electrographical seizures, using panels of quantitative EEG trends, and (iii) describe the outcome of these children.

Method: This pilot study will be a single-centre prospective open observational study. Thirty consecutive children who meet the specific criteria for continuous EEG in the paediatric intensive care unit at McMaster Children's Hospital will be eligible for enrolment. The paediatric intensive care nurse and resident or fellow will review the quantitative EEG trends to detect seizures at the bedside and complete the seizure log. This will be compared to the seizures detected on the raw EEG data read by the neurologist. Demographic data, baseline, short- and long-term (12-month) questionnaires of each child's global function, quality of life, seizures and brain behaviour will be completed to assess functional and quality of life outcomes. This will include a Seizure questionnaire, the Glasgow Outcome scale, the Paediatric Cerebral Performance Category score, the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory, the Adaptive Behaviour Assessment System 3, the Child Behaviour Checklist and the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function 2.

Expertise: The investigator team includes research experts in neurology, epilepsy, neurophysiology, developmental paediatrics, critical care and biostatistics.

Significance: Due to the small numbers in this pilot study, the investigators are unlikely to be able to draw definitive conclusions on the clinical effects of this approach on the short- or long-term outcomes. This proof-of-concept study should enable the investigators to assess the feasibility of this method for a future multi-centre controlled study, which has the potential to revise and considerably improve the method of detecting non-convulsive seizures in the paediatric intensive care unit. If earlier detection and treatment of seizures in critically ill children are feasible, this should lead to improvements in short- and long-term neurological outcome and quality of life. These improvements may substantially benefit the person, family and society while reducing the burden placed on the health care system.

Conditions

Non-convulsive Seizures

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: COHORT
• Study Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE

Interventions

Quantitative EEG and Seizure detector

Paediatric intensive care unit nurses, residents or fellows will perform hourly review of a bedside graphical display of the previous hour's epoch of quantitative EEG for seizure patterns. One page of quantitative EEG data represents one hour of recording. The graphical display will include a seizure-detection marker, seizure probability indicator, bilateral rhythmicity spectrogram and bilateral amplitude integrated EEG.

Intervention Type: DEVICE

Other Intervention Names

Quantitative EEG

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Infants and children (1 month - 18 years of age)
• Admission to McMaster Children's Hospital paediatric intensive care unit.
• Fulfill indications for Continuous EEG monitoring
• Informed consent received

Exclusion Criteria

• Suspected brain death

• Minimum Eligible Age: 1 Month
• Maximum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

McMaster University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Kevin Jones

Assistant Professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Kevin Jones, MD FRCPC

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

McMaster University

Locations

McMaster Children's Hospital

Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Countries

Canada

Other Identifiers

NIF-18448-R

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id