Identifying the Neural Basis of Capability for Suicide

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

Total Enrollment

90 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2023-01-01

Study Completion Date

2024-09-30

Brief Summary

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Since capability for suicide involves overriding potential pain, and the opioid system plays a strong role in controlling pain perception, it follows that capability for suicide may be impacted by the opioid system. The goal of the proposed research is to identify the neural network underlying capability for suicide in order to determine if it can be a target for identifying high-risk individuals and for intervention.

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Detailed Description

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Little evidence exists distinguishing individuals with suicidal ideation (SI) from those at risk for suicidal behaviour, illustrating the need for more comprehensive biomarkers for clinicians to guide their treatment approach and for new treatment avenues. Current theories of suicide have suggested the importance of an individual's capability for suicide in predicting suicide attempt or death. Building on this, Yovell and colleagues (2016) provided important preliminary data that the opioid system affects suicide risk, but the neural mechanisms and their relationship to capability for suicide are unclear. The goal of the proposed research is to identify the neural network underlying capability for suicide using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in order to determine if it can be a target for identifying high-risk individuals and for intervention.

Conditions

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Major Depressive Disorder Suicide Suicidal Ideation Psychiatric Illness

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

CASE_CONTROL

Study Time Perspective

CROSS_SECTIONAL

Study Groups

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Healthy Controls

Subjects will have no personal or family psychiatric history and no suicide attempts.

fMRI

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

An fMRI scan will be conducted to collect neuroimaging data. The scanning session will consist of a structural MRI, followed by resting state and task-based functional MRI protocol.

Patients with SI

Subjects will have suicidal ideation (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale suicide item \>=2).

fMRI

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

An fMRI scan will be conducted to collect neuroimaging data. The scanning session will consist of a structural MRI, followed by resting state and task-based functional MRI protocol.

Interventions

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fMRI

An fMRI scan will be conducted to collect neuroimaging data. The scanning session will consist of a structural MRI, followed by resting state and task-based functional MRI protocol.

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Age between 18-70
* Capability of giving informed consent
* Not currently pregnant or lactating (due to potential confounding of brain activity as a result of differing hormone levels)

Exclusion Criteria

* Lifetime history of any substance abuse, psychosis
* Current use of any opioid acting drugs
* Current use of any prescription pain medication
* Use of over the counter pain medications within 15 hours of brain scan
* For daily users of a benzodiazepine, stimulant or atypical antipsychotic, dose within 12 hours of brain scan
* For as needed users of a benzodiazepine, stimulant or atypical antipsychotic, dose within 2 weeks of brain scan. This is because non-daily use will have more unpredictable effects on brain imaging results than those who are using these medications on a regular basis. The 2 weeks will ensure the drug is not in the system.
* Medical condition requiring immediate investigation or treatment
* Participation in experimental treatment trials for the study duration.

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

70 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes