Immediate Effect of Mobilization with Movement on Squat Self-reported Functional Ability, Pain Intensity, and Pain-free Range of Motion in People with Knee Osteoarthritis

NCT ID: NCT06887868

Last Updated: 2025-03-24

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 40 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-05-01
• Study Completion Date: 2023-07-31

Brief Summary

Mobilization with movement (MWM) appears to reduce pain, improve knee range of motion, and enhance physical functioning in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, it remains unclear whether the severity grading of structural damage in KOA affects its effects. This study aims to analyze the immediate effect of MWM on squat self-reported functional ability, pain intensity, and pain-free range of motion in people with KOA, and to verify it its effect is influenced by the severity grading of structural damage.

Conditions

Knee Osteoarthritis (Knee OA)

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

MWM

The intervention group received the MWM technique, which involved the manual application of a sustained translational or rotational glide force, either medial or lateral, on the tibia, while an active partial weight-bearing lunge movement was performed. All glide forces were tested in a randomly pre-established order, and the most effective force for symptom relief and improvement in knee range of motion was selected for the intervention.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Mobilization with movement

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Manual application of a sustained translational or rotational glide force, either medial or lateral, on the tibia, while an active partial weight-bearing lunge movement was performed.

Sham MWM

In the sham group, the participants underwent a similar procedure to those in the intervention group. The physiotherapist mimicked the pain-reducing glide direction without applying glide force while the participants performed the active lunge movement. To achieve this, the physiotherapist's hands lightly touched the knee skin, with one hand on the tibia and the other on the femur over the joint surfaces. The volume of the sham MWM technique was identical to that of the MWM technique administered to the intervention group.

Group Type: SHAM_COMPARATOR

Sham mobilization with movement

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

The physiotherapist mimicked the pain-reducing glide direction without applying glide force while the participants performed the active lunge movement. To achieve this, the physiotherapist's hands lightly touched the knee skin, with one hand on the tibia and the other on the femur over the joint surfaces.

Interventions

Mobilization with movement

Manual application of a sustained translational or rotational glide force, either medial or lateral, on the tibia, while an active partial weight-bearing lunge movement was performed.

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Sham mobilization with movement

The physiotherapist mimicked the pain-reducing glide direction without applying glide force while the participants performed the active lunge movement. To achieve this, the physiotherapist's hands lightly touched the knee skin, with one hand on the tibia and the other on the femur over the joint surfaces.

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Other Intervention Names

MWM; Mulligan concept

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• male or female;
• aged over 45 years;
• clinically diagnosed with symptomatic unilateral KOA, classified as grade 1-3 according to the Kellgren and Lawrence system;
• fulfilled the classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology for KOA;
• reported frequent episodes of pain in the knee joint during sit-to-stand movements for at least 3 months.

Exclusion Criteria

• had KOA secondary to rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory and autoimmune conditions;
• reported lumbar pain radiating to the knee or lumbar pain as the primary complaint;
• had a history of knee or lower limb surgery;
• had a systemic or local infection;
• had received an intra-articular corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid injection within the past 6 months;
• reported current or past (within 4 weeks) oral corticosteroid use;
• had any condition in the lower limbs that would prevent performing the deep squat test;
• had clinical conditions in which manual therapy is generally contraindicated (such as fracture, osteoporosis, instability, infectious arthritis, tumors, joint ankylosis, acute inflammatory disorders, or lack of a diagnosed joint lesion).

• Minimum Eligible Age: 45 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde do Porto

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Daniela Ferreira Carneiro

MSc

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

E2S | P.PORTO - Escola Superior de Saúde do Politécnico do Porto

Porto, Porto District, Portugal

Countries

Portugal

Other Identifiers

CE2023/17

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id