Acute Effects of Foam Rolling and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

80 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-04-16

Study Completion Date

2025-02-28

Brief Summary

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The hamstring muscle is one of the key elements in rehabilitation programs and sports activities that enable the restoration of optimal muscle length. Decreased flexibility in the hamstring muscle may disrupt the biomechanics of the waist and pelvis, leading to low back pain or musculoskeletal disorders.

This study aims to investigate the acute effects of foam rolling and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching during warm-up on muscle flexibility, strength, and pain threshold in amateur athletes. According to our research, there is no study in this field in the literature.

H1: There is a difference between the acute effects of foam rolling exercise and PNF stretching exercise on muscle flexibility during warm-up in amateur athletes.

H2: There is a difference between the effects of foam rolling and PNF stretching exercises used as warm-up exercises on muscle strength.

H3: Foam rolling and PNF stretching exercises applied to the Hamstring muscle as a warm-up exercise make a difference in the pain threshold of the lumbar region and Hamstring muscle.

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Detailed Description

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Stretching techniques used in athletes are frequently and widely used due to many effects such as changing range of motion, comfortable movement maintenance, and removal. There is no consensus in the literature on which of the static, dynamic, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching techniques is most effective, as opposed to the types of stretching for flexibility. There is no clear benefit of different stretching techniques to muscle performance. Accordingly, in the literature, it is seen that proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching techniques show a greater increase in joint range of motion compared to other stretching techniques.

Recently, the use of foam rolling has become widely used in sports applications due to similar effects seen in stretching and the hypothesized presence of a curative effect on muscle performance. There is not enough research on the extent of foam rolling during warm-up exercises to increase flexibility and muscle strength.

The hamstring muscle is one of the key elements in harmonious programs and sports activities that ensure the restoration of optimal muscle length. The emergence of the output in the hamstring muscle may disrupt the biomechanics of the waist and pelvis, causing low back pain or musculoskeletal disorders.

This study aims to investigate the acute effects of foam rolling and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on muscle input, strength, and pain intensity during nutrition in amateur athletes.

Conditions

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Athletes

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Investigators Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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Group 1 Training Program

5 minutes of light aerobic cycling, unilateral 2\*60 sec on dominant leg - 2 min foam rolling training in total

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Foam Rolling

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will take a long sitting position on a solid and flat surface, positioning their arms back and transferring their body weight to their palms. The foam roller to be applied to the dominant side will be placed under the hamstrings and slowly moved back and forth from the ischial tuberosity to the popliteal fossa, applying pressure for 2 minutes.

Group 2 Training Program

5 minutes of light aerobic cycling, unilateral 4\*30 seconds on the dominant leg - 2 minutes in total proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching training

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching

Intervention Type OTHER

A PNF stretching protocol will be implemented with each participant assuming a tall sitting position on a solid, flat surface with their knees extended as much as possible. At this moment, the participant will be asked to perform maximum isometric hamstring muscle contraction for 5 seconds, followed by 5 seconds of relaxation and 20 seconds of stretching.

Interventions

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Foam Rolling

Participants will take a long sitting position on a solid and flat surface, positioning their arms back and transferring their body weight to their palms. The foam roller to be applied to the dominant side will be placed under the hamstrings and slowly moved back and forth from the ischial tuberosity to the popliteal fossa, applying pressure for 2 minutes.

Intervention Type OTHER

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching

A PNF stretching protocol will be implemented with each participant assuming a tall sitting position on a solid, flat surface with their knees extended as much as possible. At this moment, the participant will be asked to perform maximum isometric hamstring muscle contraction for 5 seconds, followed by 5 seconds of relaxation and 20 seconds of stretching.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Being between the ages of 18-30
* Being an amateur athlete

Exclusion Criteria

* Hypermobility
* History of hamstring injury in the last 6 months
* Diagnosed orthopedic problems
* Surgery in the lower extremity or spine
* Back pain
* Presence of systemic or neurological disorders

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

30 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes