Blood Lipid Responses to Diet

NCT ID: NCT05973539

Last Updated: 2023-12-27

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

60 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2023-02-15

Study Completion Date

2028-01-31

Brief Summary

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The macronutrient composition of our diet (proportions of carbohydrates, fats and proteins) strongly influences the way our body stores and utilises substrates (e.g., fats and sugars), which in turn influences our risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases (e.g., coronary artery disease or insulin resistance). The optimal dietary composition to lower the risk of cardiometabolic disease is unknown.

In a randomized, parallel design, this study will investigate how the overconsumption of carbohydrates and fats affects blood lipid responses and liver metabolism in adults free from metabolic disease. By genotyping participants, we will also examine the interaction between macronutrient content and an individual's genes on blood lipid responses and liver metabolism.

Detailed Description

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Dietary and lifestyle interventions are central to lowering the risk and preventing the development of metabolic disease, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. There is, however, no one fits all dietary approach, and in the context of diets where an individual is not gaining or losing weight (known as eucaloric), the optimal macronutrient composition associated with a reduced risk of metabolic disease and dyslipidemia is highly debated. For instance, eating less of one macronutrient implies eating more of another; a reduction in the intake of dietary carbohydrates is met by an increase in dietary fats. How this affects one's metabolic health in the setting when someone is not gaining or losing body weight is unclear.

Therefore, this study aims to provide an understanding of the effect that the quantity of specific dietary macronutrients (e.g., carbohydrates, fats) have on plasma triglyceride concentrations in both the fasting and postprandial state, liver fat content and metabolism, and cardiac fat content and function. We will also examine if an individual's genotype affects the metabolic response to a shift in dietary macronutrient content.

Sixty volunteers free from metabolic disease will be recruited into a randomized, parallel-armed dietary intervention study. Participants will consume either a low carbohydrate, high-fat diet or a high carbohydrate, low-fat diet for up to 28 days. Diets will be eucaloric (i.e., designed to meet the individual participant's energy requirements). Comprehensive in vivo metabolic and physiological testing will be performed before and after the experimental diet to document the effects of the overconsumption of specific macronutrients (i.e., fats or carbohydrates) on liver and lipid metabolism.

Conditions

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Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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High carbohydrate, low fat diet

65% of energy is derived from carbohydrates, 20% from fat, and 15% from protein.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Diet

Intervention Type OTHER

Eucaloric diet enriched in either carbohydrates or fat (both contributing to 65% total energy intake)

High fat, low carbohydrate diet

65% of energy is derived from fat, 20% from carbohydrates, and 15% from protein.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Diet

Intervention Type OTHER

Eucaloric diet enriched in either carbohydrates or fat (both contributing to 65% total energy intake)

Interventions

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Diet

Eucaloric diet enriched in either carbohydrates or fat (both contributing to 65% total energy intake)

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Participant is willing and able to give informed consent for participation in the study.
* Male or Female, aged ≥18 to ≤65 years
* Body mass index (BMI) ≥19 to ≤35 kg/m2
* No medical condition or relevant drug therapy that is known to affect the liver, adipose tissue, or cardiac metabolism.
* Weight stable for the previous 3 months

Exclusion Criteria

* Aged \<18 or \>65 years
* BMI \<19 or \>35 kg/m2
* A blood haemoglobin \<135 mg/dL for men and \<120 mg/dL for women
* Donated (or lost) ≥250 mL of blood in the previous two months
* On a weight loss diet or decreased their body weight by \>5% in the previous 3 months
* Currently adhering to or have consumed in the previous 3 months a diet with a notably altered macro-nutrient content (e.g. high-fat - low-carbohydrate diet)
* Have increased their body weight by \>5% in the previous 3 months
* Any metabolic condition or relevant drug therapy
* Current smoker
* History of alcoholism or a greater than recommended alcohol intake (\>30 g of alcohol daily for men and \>20 g of alcohol daily for women)
* History of albumin allergy.
* Pregnant or nursing mothers
* History of severe claustrophobia
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

65 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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University of Oxford

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Leane Hodson

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Oxford

Locations

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Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford

Oxford, , United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism

Oxford, , United Kingdom

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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United Kingdom

Central Contacts

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David J Dearlove

Role: CONTACT

Phone: 07739460623

Email: [email protected]

Leane Hodson

Role: CONTACT

Email: [email protected]

Facility Contacts

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Leanne Hodson, PhD

Role: primary

Leanne Hodson

Role: primary

Other Identifiers

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316098

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id