Assessment for Implementation Methods in Sepsis

NCT ID: NCT05491941

Last Updated: 2022-08-08

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: RECRUITING
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 10000 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-07-15
• Study Completion Date: 2027-07-15

Brief Summary

Since the introduction of sepsis bundles, there have been multiple published trials that have demonstrated a consistent, strong association between implementation of sepsis "bundles" (3-hour bundle) and improved survival. The current proposal is a Hybrid 2, pragmatic, cluster randomized clinical effectiveness/implementation trial evaluating mortality and respiratory failure-based outcomes, in patients admitted to the emergency department with sepsis, comparing the effectiveness of implementation of the hour-1 bundle to 3-hour bundle, while facilitating adherence to both bundles. In addition, 4 distinct sepsis phenotypes will be derived from routine clinical data to identify specific patient phenotypes that allow for a more precision-based application of sepsis bundles in future studies.

Detailed Description

Sepsis is the leading cause of admission to intensive care units (ICUs) in the U.S., and the leading cause of respiratory failure and death in ICUs. The majority of ICU patients with sepsis or septic shock have either respiratory infection as the source of sepsis, or have respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. In recognition of the burden of sepsis in the U.S., sepsis "bundles" were introduced to facilitate guideline implementation in clinical practice (known as the 3-Hour bundle). Since the introduction of sepsis bundles, multiple observational studies have demonstrated a consistent, strong association between implementation of sepsis bundles and improved survival. These data led to the New York State (NYS) Sepsis initiative, which demonstrated a significant association between adherence with sepsis bundles and improved survival, and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) mandated public reporting of sepsis measures (SEP-1). Analysis of the NYS database has revealed that completion of the 3-Hour bundle in patients with respiratory failure was associated with an 8.6% absolute reduction in mortality (18.5 RRR). For those patients who completed the 3-Hour bundle within 1 hour, the mortality reduction was even higher, 9.8% (RRR 21.7%). In 2018, the Hour-1 bundle was published to underscore the need for urgency in the treatment of septic patients. We believe that the primary beneficial effect of both the Hour-1 and 3-Hour bundle is in patients with respiratory failure. It is not known if implementation of the Hour-1 bundle reduces mortality more than the 3 Hour bundle. Although adherence with the 3-Hour bundle (SEP-1) is mandated by CMS, compliance is moderate (60%), suggesting an active implementation process for the 3-hour bundle is necessary to compare the Hour-1 bundle to the 3-Hour bundle. The current proposal is a pragmatic, cluster-randomized clinical trial using a hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation approach to evaluate mortality and respiratory failure-based outcomes and bundle adherence, in emergency room patients with sepsis. We will compare the hour-1 bundle to the 3-hour bundle. The outcome measures include hospital mortality, hospital length of stay, ventilator-free days, and incidence of respiratory failure. The effectiveness of a clinical intervention (Hour-1 bundle) is implemented using a rigorous implementation strategy (the Exploration, adoption/Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment - EPIS - multi-level conceptual model) for both the 1- and 3-Hour bundles. We will also evaluate a possible precision-based approach in this study. Routine clinical information available at hospital presentation will identify 4 discrete, sepsis phenotypes and we hypothesize that 2 of these identify patients who are significantly more likely to benefit from the 1-Hour bundle in future studies. Our team has extensive experience conducting multi-center trials in sepsis guided by effective models of implementation science. We have developed automated screening tools to identify patients with sepsis and have guided state-wide implementation of sepsis performance measures. We have also used automated EHR methods to screen for and enroll septic patients into these studies. This novel, hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation approach addresses key gaps to facilitate the implementation of evidence-based strategies to improve patient outcomes from sepsis and acute respiratory failure.

Conditions

Sepsis Severe; Septic Shock

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Hour-1 Bundle

If the patient meets 2+ SIRS and chief complaint criteria, a second BPA may be triggered, which displays to the provider. The second alert identifies patients who progress to organ failure based on lab results, or who have a recorded instance of hypotension. When this alert appears, an automatic counter will begin and serve as our Sepsis Time Zero. The provider will receive sepsis order sets and guided to the Sepsis Navigator. The navigator will allow them to review relevant patient data, reference sepsis guidelines, and keep tabs on a live-updating sepsis checklist to ensure they complete each element in order and on time. Following identification in the ED, both study arms will receive the same bundle (see below). The only difference will be the timing: For the Hour-1 bundle, all interventions in the bundle must be initiated within 1 hour.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Sepsis Bundle

Intervention Type: OTHER

Intervention initiated within 1 hour or 3 hours of presentation depending on the Arm: 1. Measure lactate level. 2. Obtain blood cultures before administering antibiotics. 3. Administer broad-spectrum antibiotics. 4. Begin rapid administration of 30ml/kg crystalloid for hypotension or lactate greater than or equal to 4mmol/L. 5. Apply vasopressor if hypotensive during or after fluid resuscitation to maintain a mean arterial pressure greater than or equal to 65 mm Hg.

3-Hour Bundle

If the patient meets 2+ SIRS and chief complaint criteria, a second BPA may be triggered, which displays to the provider. The second alert identifies patients who progress to organ failure based on lab results, or who have a recorded instance of hypotension. When this alert appears, an automatic counter will begin and serve as our Sepsis Time Zero. The provider will receive sepsis order sets and guided to the Sepsis Navigator. The navigator will allow them to review relevant patient data, reference sepsis guidelines, and keep tabs on a live-updating sepsis checklist to ensure they complete each element in order and on time. Following identification in the ED, both study arms will receive the same bundle (see below). The only difference will be the timing: For the 3-hour bundle, all elements must be completed by 3 hours.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Sepsis Bundle

Intervention Type: OTHER

Intervention initiated within 1 hour or 3 hours of presentation depending on the Arm: 1. Measure lactate level. 2. Obtain blood cultures before administering antibiotics. 3. Administer broad-spectrum antibiotics. 4. Begin rapid administration of 30ml/kg crystalloid for hypotension or lactate greater than or equal to 4mmol/L. 5. Apply vasopressor if hypotensive during or after fluid resuscitation to maintain a mean arterial pressure greater than or equal to 65 mm Hg.

Interventions

Sepsis Bundle

Intervention initiated within 1 hour or 3 hours of presentation depending on the Arm: 1. Measure lactate level. 2. Obtain blood cultures before administering antibiotics. 3. Administer broad-spectrum antibiotics. 4. Begin rapid administration of 30ml/kg crystalloid for hypotension or lactate greater than or equal to 4mmol/L. 5. Apply vasopressor if hypotensive during or after fluid resuscitation to maintain a mean arterial pressure greater than or equal to 65 mm Hg.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Adults >=18
• Patient meets criteria for time zero (sepsis within 6 hours of ED triage and the 3 criteria-infection, 2 SIRS and 1 or more organ dysfunctions, must be met within 3 hours of each other.

Exclusion Criteria

• Last admission for patients admitted to same hospital once
• Pregnant women
• All transfers from another hospital
• Individuals who are made comfort care only within 6 hours of admission to ED
• Moribund patients

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Rhode Island Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Mitchell Levy

Director of Critical Care Medicine at Lifespan, and Chief of the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Mitchell Levy, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Rhode Island Hospital

Locations

Rhode Island Hospital

Providence, Rhode Island, United States

Site Status: RECRUITING

Countries

United States

Central Contacts

Mitchell Levy, MD

Role: CONTACT

mitchell_levy@brown.edu

401-444-4000

Lori Harmon, RRT, MBA, CPHQ

Role: CONTACT

lharmon@sccm.org

847-493-6403

Facility Contacts

Mitchell Levy, MD

Role: primary

mitchell_levy@brown.edu

401-444-4000

References

Frank HE, Evans L, Phillips G, Dellinger R, Goldstein J, Harmon L, Portelli D, Sarani N, Schorr C, Terry KM, Townsend SR, Levy MM. Assessment of implementation methods in sepsis: study protocol for a cluster-randomized hybrid type 2 trial. Trials. 2023 Sep 29;24(1):620. doi: 10.1186/s13063-023-07644-y.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 37773067 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

1R01HL162954-01

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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