Effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation on Blood Pressure

NCT ID: NCT05110365

Last Updated: 2022-09-23

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 24 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2021-06-26
• Study Completion Date: 2022-08-18

Brief Summary

To determine the effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation exercise on blood pressure in patient with mild to moderate hypertension.Both genders will be included.Patients aged between 40 and 60 years with mild and moderate hypertension.Systolic blood pressure 130-160 mmHg or Diastolic Blood Pressure 80-100 mmHg.

Sphygmomanometer and EuroQoL five-dimensional instrument would be used for the 'Pre' & 'Post' assessment.

Detailed Description

There is a belief that proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercises cause cardiac overload as blood pressure in immediately influenced by exercise but Pereira concluded in his research that proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercises with minimum repetitions are safe for hypertensive or cardiovascular patients because in his study there is no increase in blood pressure in older women after performing three different types of PNF exercises. Pereira discovered that rhythmic initiation , dynamic reversals , and combination of isotonic techniques did not raise blood pressure levels, thus it is recommended to use up to five repeats of repetition maximum . One study observed at the effects of passive and modified proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF)stretching techniques on acute systolic and diastolic blood pressure responses. All PNF treatments were beneficial in increasing Range of motion, as we all know.

PNF improves Range Of Motion while avoiding an increase in Systolic blood pressure in one or two trials, but increases Systolic blood pressure in a third trial. Blood pressure rises by 40% with conventional exercise programmers and because PNF involves near-maximal resistance,researchers anticipated a considerable rise in blood pressure during PNF execution. It was discovered that elderly subjects could not readily execute more than five to seven repetitions of PNF exercises, which has also been shown by others. Due to the low repetition number of each movement pattern, the results showed that PNF did not induce a high enough workload to increase blood pressure in the elderly.

Conditions

Hypertension

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation

Intervention Type: OTHER

The patient will be provided with mild to moderate resistance PNF pattern which is a type of Endurance training which decreases BP through a reduction in systemic vascular resistance(15).In a regimen as follow with the frequency of 3 days a week, a repetition of 3 sets for one hour and a total duration of 3 months(16). The PNF patterns will be diagonal 1 (D1) and diagonal 2 (D2) patterns. Both patterns are subdivided into: A) Moving into Flexion: the toes start flexed and ends extended. Ankle and foot start plantar flexed; everted and ends dorsiflexed inverted. Tibia starts externally rotated and ends internally rotated. Knee starts extended, and ends flexed. The hip starts extended, abducted, internally rotated and ends flexed, adducted, externally rotated.B) Moving into Extension: The start and end are reversed to "D1 Moving into Flexion"

control

no intervention

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation

The patient will be provided with mild to moderate resistance PNF pattern which is a type of Endurance training which decreases BP through a reduction in systemic vascular resistance(15).In a regimen as follow with the frequency of 3 days a week, a repetition of 3 sets for one hour and a total duration of 3 months(16). The PNF patterns will be diagonal 1 (D1) and diagonal 2 (D2) patterns. Both patterns are subdivided into: A) Moving into Flexion: the toes start flexed and ends extended. Ankle and foot start plantar flexed; everted and ends dorsiflexed inverted. Tibia starts externally rotated and ends internally rotated. Knee starts extended, and ends flexed. The hip starts extended, abducted, internally rotated and ends flexed, adducted, externally rotated.B) Moving into Extension: The start and end are reversed to "D1 Moving into Flexion"

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Both genders will be included.
• Patients aged between 40 and 60 years with mild and moderate hypertension.
• Systolic blood pressure 130-160 mmHg or Diastolic blood pressure 80-100 mmHg.
• Mild and moderate hypertension with diabetes

Exclusion Criteria

• Severe hypertensive patients.
• Patient on smoking
• Patient with severe complications and comorbidities.
• Not willing to give consent/ data

• Minimum Eligible Age: 40 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 60 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Riphah International University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

sania aziz, MSNMPT

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Riphah International University

Locations

Valley Medical Complex Abbottabad

Abbottābād, Kpk, Pakistan

Countries

Pakistan

References

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Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 17981557 (View on PubMed)

Papaioannou TG, Oikonomou E, Lazaros G, Christoforatou E, Vogiatzi G, Tsalamandris S, Chasikidis C, Kalambogias A, Mavratzas T, Stofa E, Mystakidi VC, Latsios G, Deftereos S, Tousoulis D. Arterial stiffness and subclinical aortic damage of reclassified subjects as stage 1 hypertension according to the new 2017 ACC/AHA blood pressure guidelines. Vasa. 2019 May;48(3):236-243. doi: 10.1024/0301-1526/a000765. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 30526401 (View on PubMed)

Varounis C, Katsi V, Nihoyannopoulos P, Lekakis J, Tousoulis D. Cardiovascular Hypertensive Crisis: Recent Evidence and Review of the Literature. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2017 Jan 10;3:51. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2016.00051. eCollection 2016.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 28119918 (View on PubMed)

Singh S, Shankar R, Singh GP. Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study in Urban Varanasi. Int J Hypertens. 2017;2017:5491838. doi: 10.1155/2017/5491838. Epub 2017 Dec 3.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 29348933 (View on PubMed)

Papadopoulos DP, Sanidas EA, Viniou NA, Gennimata V, Chantziara V, Barbetseas I, Makris TK. Cardiovascular hypertensive emergencies. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2015 Feb;17(2):5. doi: 10.1007/s11906-014-0515-z.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 25620633 (View on PubMed)

Hindle KB, Whitcomb TJ, Briggs WO, Hong J. Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF): Its Mechanisms and Effects on Range of Motion and Muscular Function. J Hum Kinet. 2012 Mar;31:105-13. doi: 10.2478/v10078-012-0011-y. Epub 2012 Apr 3.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 23487249 (View on PubMed)

Kim EK, Lee DK, Kim YM. Effects of aquatic PNF lower extremity patterns on balance and ADL of stroke patients. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015 Jan;27(1):213-5. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.213. Epub 2015 Jan 9.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 25642076 (View on PubMed)

Pereira MP. Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation does not increase blood pressure of healthy elderly women. Physiother Theory Pract. 2012 Jul;28(5):412-6. doi: 10.3109/09593985.2011.609582. Epub 2011 Oct 18.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 22007735 (View on PubMed)

Fagard RH, Cornelissen VA. Effect of exercise on blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2007 Feb;14(1):12-7. doi: 10.1097/HJR.0b013e3280128bbb.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 17301622 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

REC/01045 Raja Saddam

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id