Reducing Reintubation Risk in High-Risk Cardiac Surgery Patients With High-Flow Nasal Cannula

NCT ID: NCT04782817

Last Updated: 2025-12-15

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

3400 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-11-01

Study Completion Date

2026-03-31

Brief Summary

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The iCAN trial is a pragmatic randomized controlled trial that aims to test the hypothesis that HFNC versus usual care oxygenation strategies applied immediately after initial extubation after cardiac surgery decreases the all-cause 48-hour reintubation rate (extubation failure within 48 hours of initial extubation).

Detailed Description

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HFNC may be employed as a strategy to facilitate early extubation and prevent reintubation of patients following cardiac surgery. HFNC is routinely employed by providers in the cardiovascular intensive care unit along with other therapies, including: bi-level positive airway pressure, non-rebreather masks, among others. Currently, no high-quality clinical data exist to demonstrate that HFNC may decrease the risk of reintubation in this critically-ill adult population.

This prospective, randomized, pragmatic clinical trial will compare HFNC to provider choice of usual care in these high-risk patients.

Randomization will occur at the time that the patient is deemed ready for extubation by the attending physician in the cardiovascular intensive care unit. Through randomization, patients will be assigned one of two physician order sets in the electronic medical record system: standard order set with or without recommendation for the use of HFNC. Reintubation and outcome data will be collected until patient discharge.

Conditions

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Intubation Cardiovascular Surgical Procedure

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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High Flow Nasal Canula Oxygen Therapy

Participants will be assigned post extubation physician order set which recommends the administration of oxygen therapy via HFNC. HFNC is a heated and humidified system that allows prescribed fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) levels to be delivered at very high flow rates.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Recommendation for high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy order set

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will be assigned post extubation physician order set which recommends the administration of oxygen therapy via HFNC. HFNC is a heated and humidified system that allows prescribed fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) levels to be delivered at very high flow rates.

Provider Choice Standard Care

Participants be assigned standard provider choice of standard care therapy physician order set.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Provider choice standard care order set

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will receive order set with provider choice of standard care therapy.

Interventions

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Recommendation for high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy order set

Participants will be assigned post extubation physician order set which recommends the administration of oxygen therapy via HFNC. HFNC is a heated and humidified system that allows prescribed fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) levels to be delivered at very high flow rates.

Intervention Type OTHER

Provider choice standard care order set

Participants will receive order set with provider choice of standard care therapy.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Age ≥18 years
* Undergoing cardiac surgery, defined as a documented surgical service of "cardiac surgery" in the electronic health record, performed in the main operating rooms at Vanderbilt University Medical Center
* Admitted to the cardiovascular intensive care unit postoperatively with an endotracheal tube in place and mechanically ventilated
* Surgery duration (documented time between "Anesthesia start" and "Anesthesia stop" in the EHR) of at least 180 minutes
* Received an order to be extubated by a treating provider o Patients who meet all other criteria but do not receive an order to extubate will be randomized but not enrolled
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

Vanderbilt University Medical Center

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Robert Freundlich

Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology and Biomedical Informatics

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Robert E Freundlich, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Locations

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Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Nashville, Tennessee, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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Markovitz GH, Colthurst J, Storer TW, Cooper CB. Effective inspired oxygen concentration measured via transtracheal and oral gas analysis. Respir Care. 2010 Apr;55(4):453-9.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 20406513 (View on PubMed)

Bazuaye EA, Stone TN, Corris PA, Gibson GJ. Variability of inspired oxygen concentration with nasal cannulas. Thorax. 1992 Aug;47(8):609-11. doi: 10.1136/thx.47.8.609.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 1412117 (View on PubMed)

Khandelwal N, Dale CR, Benkeser DC, Joffe AM, Yanez ND 3rd, Treggiari MM. Variation in tracheal reintubations among patients undergoing cardiac surgery across Washington state hospitals. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2015;29(3):551-9. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2014.11.009. Epub 2014 Nov 11.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25802193 (View on PubMed)

Freundlich RE, Maile MD, Hajjar MM, Habib JR, Jewell ES, Schwann T, Habib RH, Engoren M. Years of Life Lost After Complications of Coronary Artery Bypass Operations. Ann Thorac Surg. 2017 Jun;103(6):1893-1899. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.09.048. Epub 2016 Dec 6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27938887 (View on PubMed)

Dorsa AG, Rossi AI, Thierer J, Lupianez B, Vrancic JM, Vaccarino GN, Piccinini F, Raich H, Bonazzi SV, Benzadon M, Navia DO. Immediate extubation after off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery in 1,196 consecutive patients: feasibility, safety and predictors of when not to attempt it. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2011 Jun;25(3):431-6. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2010.08.013. Epub 2010 Oct 29.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21036063 (View on PubMed)

Chan JL, Miller JG, Murphy M, Greenberg A, Iraola M, Horvath KA. A Multidisciplinary Protocol-Driven Approach to Improve Extubation Times After Cardiac Surgery. Ann Thorac Surg. 2018 Jun;105(6):1684-1690. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.02.008. Epub 2018 Mar 9.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29530778 (View on PubMed)

Roca O, Hernandez G, Diaz-Lobato S, Carratala JM, Gutierrez RM, Masclans JR; Spanish Multidisciplinary Group of High Flow Supportive Therapy in Adults (HiSpaFlow). Current evidence for the effectiveness of heated and humidified high flow nasal cannula supportive therapy in adult patients with respiratory failure. Crit Care. 2016 Apr 28;20(1):109. doi: 10.1186/s13054-016-1263-z.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27121707 (View on PubMed)

Stephan F, Barrucand B, Petit P, Rezaiguia-Delclaux S, Medard A, Delannoy B, Cosserant B, Flicoteaux G, Imbert A, Pilorge C, Berard L; BiPOP Study Group. High-Flow Nasal Oxygen vs Noninvasive Positive Airway Pressure in Hypoxemic Patients After Cardiothoracic Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2015 Jun 16;313(23):2331-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.5213.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25980660 (View on PubMed)

Masip J, Peacock WF, Price S, Cullen L, Martin-Sanchez FJ, Seferovic P, Maisel AS, Miro O, Filippatos G, Vrints C, Christ M, Cowie M, Platz E, McMurray J, DiSomma S, Zeymer U, Bueno H, Gale CP, Lettino M, Tavares M, Ruschitzka F, Mebazaa A, Harjola VP, Mueller C; Acute Heart Failure Study Group of the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association and the Committee on Acute Heart Failure of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology. Indications and practical approach to non-invasive ventilation in acute heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2018 Jan 1;39(1):17-25. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx580.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29186485 (View on PubMed)

Corley A, Caruana LR, Barnett AG, Tronstad O, Fraser JF. Oxygen delivery through high-flow nasal cannulae increase end-expiratory lung volume and reduce respiratory rate in post-cardiac surgical patients. Br J Anaesth. 2011 Dec;107(6):998-1004. doi: 10.1093/bja/aer265. Epub 2011 Sep 9.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21908497 (View on PubMed)

Parke R, McGuinness S, Eccleston M. Nasal high-flow therapy delivers low level positive airway pressure. Br J Anaesth. 2009 Dec;103(6):886-90. doi: 10.1093/bja/aep280. Epub 2009 Oct 20.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 19846404 (View on PubMed)

Zhu Y, Yin H, Zhang R, Wei J. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy vs conventional oxygen therapy in cardiac surgical patients: A meta-analysis. J Crit Care. 2017 Apr;38:123-128. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2016.10.027. Epub 2016 Nov 9.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27886577 (View on PubMed)

Freundlich RE, Wanderer JP, French B, Moore RP, Hernandez A, Shah AS, Byrne DW, Pandharipande PP. Protocol for a randomised controlled trial: reducing reintubation among high-risk cardiac surgery patients with high-flow nasal cannula (I-CAN). BMJ Open. 2022 Nov 25;12(11):e066007. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066007.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 36428016 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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181117

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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