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Factors Influencing the Deter...

Factors Influencing the Deterioration From Cognitive Decline of Normal Aging to Dementia Among Nursing Home Residents

Last Updated: 2020-10-19

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

182 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2018-05-29

Study Completion Date

2019-05-16

Brief Summary

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Background: A dearth of differential research exists regarding the determinants of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and moderate cognitive impairment or dementia among nursing home residents. This study aimed to identify and examine the association between medical factors (number of comorbidities, hospitalization, disability, depression, frailty and quality of life) and moderate cognitive impairment or dementia in nursing homes residents.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was used in this study. Convenience sampling of 182 participants was conducted in nursing homes located in the central part of Jordan. Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) was used to screen both MCI and moderate cognitive impairment or dementia. Bivariate analysis, including t-test and ANOVA test, and logistic and linear regression models were used to examine and identify the medical factors associated with moderate cognitive impairment or dementia compared to mild cognitive impairment.

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Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Dementia

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

CROSS_SECTIONAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Jordanian participants, aged 60 years and older, and living in nursing homes

Exclusion Criteria

* neurological disorders, such as stroke or brain injury

Minimum Eligible Age

60 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

85 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Locations

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Nursing homes

Amman, , Jordan

Site Status

Countries

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Jordan

References

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Kijowska V, Szczerbinska K. Prevalence of cognitive impairment among long-term care residents: a comparison between nursing homes and residential homes in Poland. Eur Geriatr Med. 2018 Aug;9(4):467-476. doi: 10.1007/s41999-018-0062-2. Epub 2018 May 16.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

PMID: 34674486 (View on PubMed)

Hayajneh, A.A. , Ivanov, L.L. & Rababa, M. (2019). Jordanian Nursing Homes: Admission Policy Analysis. Global Journal of Health Science, 11 (6), 118-122.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Janet D. Elashoff. nQuery Advisor Version 7.0 [software]. 2007: User's Guide. Los Angeles, CA

Reference Type BACKGROUND

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). What are the severity levels for the MoCA?. : Copyright 2019 Ziad Nasreddine MD. All rights reserved. Available from:: https://www.mocatest.org/faq/ [30August2020]

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Greenberg, S. Try this: the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). 2012: 4. The Hartford Institute for Geriatric Nursing, New York University, College of Nursing.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Hayajneh, A. A. The Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Version of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator. Global Journal of Health Science. 2019: 11(9), 123-133. doi:10.5539/gjhs.v11n9p123

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Al-btoush, A. Relation between the Psychological Impact of Presbycusis and Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly Using Screening Version in Jordan. Middle East Journal of Age and Ageing. 2012: 9(5), 23-25.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Abdelmoneium, A.O. & Alharahsheh, S.T. Family Home Caregivers for Old Persons in the Arab Region: Perceived Challenges and Policy Implications. Open Journal of Social Sciences. 2016: 4, 151-164. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jss.2016.41019

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Arafa, Mohamed A., What's New in the Residential Care of the Elderly in the Arab and Islamic World? The Case of Egypt. Towards Human Rights in Residential Care for Older Persons: International Perspectives. 2015: (Chapter 2, Routledge, London & New York), Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2710357

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Atif, M., Saleem, Q. & Scahill, S. Depression and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pakistan: possible determinants. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2018: 38, 312-320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-017-0600-3

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Elliott, I. Poverty and Mental Health: A review to inform the Joseph Rowntree Foundation's Anti-Poverty Strategy. 2016: London: Mental Health Foundation.

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Mosti C.B., Rog L.A., Fink J.W. Differentiating Mild Cognitive Impairment and Cognitive Changes of Normal Aging. In: Ravdin L., Katzen H. (eds) Handbook on the Neuropsychology of Aging and Dementia. Clinical Handbooks in Neuropsychology. 2019. Springer, Cham

Reference Type BACKGROUND

Langa KM, Levine DA. The diagnosis and management of mild cognitive impairment: a clinical review. JAMA. 2014 Dec 17;312(23):2551-61. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.13806.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 25514304 (View on PubMed)

Qarni T, Salardini A. A Multifactor Approach to Mild Cognitive Impairment. Semin Neurol. 2019 Apr;39(2):179-187. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1678585. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 30925611 (View on PubMed)

Ferreira AR, Dias CC, Fernandes L. Needs in Nursing Homes and Their Relation with Cognitive and Functional Decline, Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms. Front Aging Neurosci. 2016 Apr 21;8:72. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00072. eCollection 2016.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 27148044 (View on PubMed)

Bjork S, Juthberg C, Lindkvist M, Wimo A, Sandman PO, Winblad B, Edvardsson D. Exploring the prevalence and variance of cognitive impairment, pain, neuropsychiatric symptoms and ADL dependency among persons living in nursing homes; a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr. 2016 Aug 22;16(1):154. doi: 10.1186/s12877-016-0328-9.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 27549203 (View on PubMed)

Martin MD, Hancock GA, Richardson B, Simmons P, Katona C, Mullan E, Orrell M. An evaluation of needs in elderly continuing-care settings. Int Psychogeriatr. 2002 Dec;14(4):379-88. doi: 10.1017/s1041610202008578.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 12670059 (View on PubMed)

Ernsth Bravell M, Westerlind B, Midlov P, Ostgren CJ, Borgquist L, Lannering C, Molstad S. How to assess frailty and the need for care? Report from the Study of Health and Drugs in the Elderly (SHADES) in community dwellings in Sweden. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2011 Jul-Aug;53(1):40-5. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2010.06.011. Epub 2010 Aug 3.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 20678818 (View on PubMed)

Gustafsson M, Sandman PO, Karlsson S, Isaksson U, Schneede J, Sjolander M, Lovheim H. Reduction in the use of potentially inappropriate drugs among old people living in geriatric care units between 2007 and 2013. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2015 Apr;71(4):507-15. doi: 10.1007/s00228-015-1825-z. Epub 2015 Feb 26.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 25716889 (View on PubMed)

Zheng L, Li G, Gao D, Wang S, Meng X, Wang C, Yuan H, Chen L. Cognitive frailty as a predictor of dementia among older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2020 Mar-Apr;87:103997. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.103997. Epub 2019 Dec 10.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 31846833 (View on PubMed)

Zuckerman H, Pan Z, Park C, Brietzke E, Musial N, Shariq AS, Iacobucci M, Yim SJ, Lui LMW, Rong C, McIntyre RS. Recognition and Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry. 2018 Dec 4;9:655. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00655. eCollection 2018.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 30564155 (View on PubMed)

Christiansen L, Sanmartin Berglund J, Lindberg C, Anderberg P, Skar L. Health-related quality of life and related factors among a sample of older people with cognitive impairment. Nurs Open. 2019 Mar 19;6(3):849-859. doi: 10.1002/nop2.265. eCollection 2019 Jul.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 31367408 (View on PubMed)

Park EY, Park SM, Kim JH. Psychometric properties of the geriatric quality of life-dementia in older adults with dementia or mild cognitive impairment living in nursing homes. BMC Geriatr. 2019 Oct 22;19(1):281. doi: 10.1186/s12877-019-1307-8.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 31640593 (View on PubMed)

Villeneuve R, Meillon C, Bergua V, Tabue-Teguo M, Amieva H. Influence of pre-admission factors on quality of life and adaptation in nursing home residents with dementia: the QOL-EHPAD study protocol. BMC Geriatr. 2020 Mar 6;20(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-1434-2.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 32138680 (View on PubMed)

Nasreddine ZS, Phillips NA, Bedirian V, Charbonneau S, Whitehead V, Collin I, Cummings JL, Chertkow H. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 Apr;53(4):695-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 15817019 (View on PubMed)

Sabbah I, Drouby N, Sabbah S, Retel-Rude N, Mercier M. Quality of life in rural and urban populations in Lebanon using SF-36 health survey. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2003 Aug 6;1:30. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-1-30.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 12952543 (View on PubMed)

Gobbens RJ, van Assen MA, Luijkx KG, Wijnen-Sponselee MT, Schols JM. The Tilburg Frailty Indicator: psychometric properties. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2010 Jun;11(5):344-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2009.11.003. Epub 2010 May 8.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 20511102 (View on PubMed)

Bani-Issa W, Almomani F, Eldeirawi K. Urinary incontinence among adult women with diabetes in Jordan: epidemiology, correlates and perceived impact on emotional and social well-being. J Clin Nurs. 2014 Sep;23(17-18):2451-60. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12392. Epub 2013 Sep 21.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 24112089 (View on PubMed)

Hussein S, Ismail M. Ageing and Elderly Care in the Arab Region: Policy Challenges and Opportunities. Ageing Int. 2017;42(3):274-289. doi: 10.1007/s12126-016-9244-8. Epub 2016 Apr 6.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 28890585 (View on PubMed)

Li W, Sun L, Li G, Xiao S. Prevalence, Influence Factors and Cognitive Characteristics of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Aging Neurosci. 2019 Jul 30;11:180. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00180. eCollection 2019.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 31417393 (View on PubMed)

Makizako H, Shimada H, Doi T, Tsutsumimoto K, Hotta R, Nakakubo S, Makino K, Suzuki T. Comorbid Mild Cognitive Impairment and Depressive Symptoms Predict Future Dementia in Community Older Adults: A 24-Month Follow-Up Longitudinal Study. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016 Oct 18;54(4):1473-1482. doi: 10.3233/JAD-160244.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 27589518 (View on PubMed)

Ma L. Depression, Anxiety, and Apathy in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Current Perspectives. Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 Jan 30;12:9. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00009. eCollection 2020.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 32082139 (View on PubMed)

Devanand DP, Pelton GH, D'Antonio K, Ciarleglio A, Scodes J, Andrews H, Lunsford J, Beyer JL, Petrella JR, Sneed J, Ciovacco M, Doraiswamy PM. Donepezil Treatment in Patients With Depression and Cognitive Impairment on Stable Antidepressant Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2018 Oct;26(10):1050-1060. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2018.05.008. Epub 2018 Jun 28.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 30037778 (View on PubMed)

Liu HY, Tsai WC, Chiu MJ, Tang LY, Lee HJ, Shyu YL. Mild cognitive impairment in combination with comorbid diabetes mellitus and hypertension is negatively associated with health-related quality of life among older persons in Taiwan. Qual Life Res. 2019 May;28(5):1281-1291. doi: 10.1007/s11136-019-02101-3. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 30635850 (View on PubMed)

Chen TB, Yiao SY, Sun Y, Lee HJ, Yang SC, Chiu MJ, Chen TF, Lin KN, Tang LY, Lin CC, Wang PN. Comorbidity and dementia: A nationwide survey in Taiwan. PLoS One. 2017 Apr 12;12(4):e0175475. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175475. eCollection 2017.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 28403222 (View on PubMed)

Solomon A, Dobranici L, Kareholt I, Tudose C, Lazarescu M. Comorbidity and the rate of cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2011 Dec;26(12):1244-51. doi: 10.1002/gps.2670. Epub 2011 Apr 16.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 21500282 (View on PubMed)

Stephan BC, Brayne C, Savva GM, Matthews FE; Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study. Occurrence of medical co-morbidity in mild cognitive impairment: implications for generalisation of MCI research. Age Ageing. 2011 Jul;40(4):501-7. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afr057.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 21673136 (View on PubMed)

Jacob L, Haro JM, Koyanagi A. Relationship between living alone and common mental disorders in the 1993, 2000 and 2007 National Psychiatric Morbidity Surveys. PLoS One. 2019 May 1;14(5):e0215182. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215182. eCollection 2019.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 31042720 (View on PubMed)

Mathews SB, Arnold SE, Epperson CN. Hospitalization and cognitive decline: Can the nature of the relationship be deciphered? Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2014 May;22(5):465-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2012.08.012. Epub 2013 Feb 6.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 23567430 (View on PubMed)

Qin T, Yan M, Fu Z, Song Y, Lu W, Fu A, Yin P. Association between anemia and cognitive decline among Chinese middle-aged and elderly: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study. BMC Geriatr. 2019 Nov 12;19(1):305. doi: 10.1186/s12877-019-1308-7.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 31718564 (View on PubMed)

Li M, Huang Y, Liu Z, Shen R, Chen H, Ma C, Zhang T, Li S, Prince M. The association between frailty and incidence of dementia in Beijing: findings from 10/66 dementia research group population-based cohort study. BMC Geriatr. 2020 Apr 15;20(1):138. doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-01539-2.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 32293307 (View on PubMed)

DeCarli C. Mild cognitive impairment: prevalence, prognosis, aetiology, and treatment. Lancet Neurol. 2003 Jan;2(1):15-21. doi: 10.1016/s1474-4422(03)00262-x.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 12849297 (View on PubMed)

Karrer M, Hirt J, Zeller A, Saxer S. What hinders and facilitates the implementation of nurse-led interventions in dementia care? A scoping review. BMC Geriatr. 2020 Apr 7;20(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-01520-z.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 32264881 (View on PubMed)

Goossens B, Sevenants A, Declercq A, Van Audenhove C. 'We DECide optimized' - training nursing home staff in shared decision-making skills for advance care planning conversations in dementia care: protocol of a pretest-posttest cluster randomized trial. BMC Geriatr. 2019 Feb 4;19(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s12877-019-1044-z.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 30717700 (View on PubMed)

Zahirovic I, Torisson G, Wattmo C, Londos E. Psychotropic and anti-dementia treatment in elderly persons with clinical signs of dementia with Lewy bodies: a cross-sectional study in 40 nursing homes in Sweden. BMC Geriatr. 2018 Feb 17;18(1):50. doi: 10.1186/s12877-018-0740-4.

Reference Type RESULT

PMID: 29454305 (View on PubMed)

Hayajneh AA, Rababa M, Alghwiri AA, Masha'al D. Factors influencing the deterioration from cognitive decline of normal aging to dementia among nursing home residents. BMC Geriatr. 2020 Nov 18;20(1):479. doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-01875-3.

Reference Type DERIVED

PMID: 33208090 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

JUST20180229

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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Factors Influencing the Deterioration From Cognitive Decline of Normal Aging to Dementia Among Nursing Home Residents

Study Results

Basic Information

Brief Summary

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Detailed Description

Conditions

Study Design

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

Sponsors

Jordan University of Science and Technology

Responsible Party

Locations

Nursing homes

Countries

References

Kijowska V, Szczerbinska K. Prevalence of cognitive impairment among long-term care residents: a comparison between nursing homes and residential homes in Poland. Eur Geriatr Med. 2018 Aug;9(4):467-476. doi: 10.1007/s41999-018-0062-2. Epub 2018 May 16.

Hayajneh, A.A. , Ivanov, L.L. & Rababa, M. (2019). Jordanian Nursing Homes: Admission Policy Analysis. Global Journal of Health Science, 11 (6), 118-122.

Janet D. Elashoff. nQuery Advisor Version 7.0 [software]. 2007: User's Guide. Los Angeles, CA

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). What are the severity levels for the MoCA?. : Copyright 2019 Ziad Nasreddine MD. All rights reserved. Available from:: https://www.mocatest.org/faq/ [30August2020]

Greenberg, S. Try this: the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). 2012: 4. The Hartford Institute for Geriatric Nursing, New York University, College of Nursing.

Hayajneh, A. A. The Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Version of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator. Global Journal of Health Science. 2019: 11(9), 123-133. doi:10.5539/gjhs.v11n9p123

Al-btoush, A. Relation between the Psychological Impact of Presbycusis and Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly Using Screening Version in Jordan. Middle East Journal of Age and Ageing. 2012: 9(5), 23-25.

Abdelmoneium, A.O. & Alharahsheh, S.T. Family Home Caregivers for Old Persons in the Arab Region: Perceived Challenges and Policy Implications. Open Journal of Social Sciences. 2016: 4, 151-164. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jss.2016.41019

Atif, M., Saleem, Q. & Scahill, S. Depression and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pakistan: possible determinants. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2018: 38, 312-320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-017-0600-3

Elliott, I. Poverty and Mental Health: A review to inform the Joseph Rowntree Foundation's Anti-Poverty Strategy. 2016: London: Mental Health Foundation.

Mosti C.B., Rog L.A., Fink J.W. Differentiating Mild Cognitive Impairment and Cognitive Changes of Normal Aging. In: Ravdin L., Katzen H. (eds) Handbook on the Neuropsychology of Aging and Dementia. Clinical Handbooks in Neuropsychology. 2019. Springer, Cham

Langa KM, Levine DA. The diagnosis and management of mild cognitive impairment: a clinical review. JAMA. 2014 Dec 17;312(23):2551-61. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.13806.

Qarni T, Salardini A. A Multifactor Approach to Mild Cognitive Impairment. Semin Neurol. 2019 Apr;39(2):179-187. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1678585. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Ferreira AR, Dias CC, Fernandes L. Needs in Nursing Homes and Their Relation with Cognitive and Functional Decline, Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms. Front Aging Neurosci. 2016 Apr 21;8:72. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00072. eCollection 2016.

Martin MD, Hancock GA, Richardson B, Simmons P, Katona C, Mullan E, Orrell M. An evaluation of needs in elderly continuing-care settings. Int Psychogeriatr. 2002 Dec;14(4):379-88. doi: 10.1017/s1041610202008578.

Zheng L, Li G, Gao D, Wang S, Meng X, Wang C, Yuan H, Chen L. Cognitive frailty as a predictor of dementia among older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2020 Mar-Apr;87:103997. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.103997. Epub 2019 Dec 10.

Zuckerman H, Pan Z, Park C, Brietzke E, Musial N, Shariq AS, Iacobucci M, Yim SJ, Lui LMW, Rong C, McIntyre RS. Recognition and Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry. 2018 Dec 4;9:655. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00655. eCollection 2018.

Christiansen L, Sanmartin Berglund J, Lindberg C, Anderberg P, Skar L. Health-related quality of life and related factors among a sample of older people with cognitive impairment. Nurs Open. 2019 Mar 19;6(3):849-859. doi: 10.1002/nop2.265. eCollection 2019 Jul.

Park EY, Park SM, Kim JH. Psychometric properties of the geriatric quality of life-dementia in older adults with dementia or mild cognitive impairment living in nursing homes. BMC Geriatr. 2019 Oct 22;19(1):281. doi: 10.1186/s12877-019-1307-8.

Villeneuve R, Meillon C, Bergua V, Tabue-Teguo M, Amieva H. Influence of pre-admission factors on quality of life and adaptation in nursing home residents with dementia: the QOL-EHPAD study protocol. BMC Geriatr. 2020 Mar 6;20(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-1434-2.

Nasreddine ZS, Phillips NA, Bedirian V, Charbonneau S, Whitehead V, Collin I, Cummings JL, Chertkow H. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 Apr;53(4):695-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x.

Sabbah I, Drouby N, Sabbah S, Retel-Rude N, Mercier M. Quality of life in rural and urban populations in Lebanon using SF-36 health survey. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2003 Aug 6;1:30. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-1-30.

Gobbens RJ, van Assen MA, Luijkx KG, Wijnen-Sponselee MT, Schols JM. The Tilburg Frailty Indicator: psychometric properties. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2010 Jun;11(5):344-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2009.11.003. Epub 2010 May 8.

Bani-Issa W, Almomani F, Eldeirawi K. Urinary incontinence among adult women with diabetes in Jordan: epidemiology, correlates and perceived impact on emotional and social well-being. J Clin Nurs. 2014 Sep;23(17-18):2451-60. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12392. Epub 2013 Sep 21.

Hussein S, Ismail M. Ageing and Elderly Care in the Arab Region: Policy Challenges and Opportunities. Ageing Int. 2017;42(3):274-289. doi: 10.1007/s12126-016-9244-8. Epub 2016 Apr 6.

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Other Identifiers

JUST20180229

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