Oral Nutritional Supplement on Nutritional and Functional Status, and Biomarkers in Malnourished Hemodialysis Patients.

NCT ID: NCT03924089

Last Updated: 2021-06-23

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 54 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2019-04-15
• Study Completion Date: 2021-06-15

Brief Summary

Malnutrition in hemodialysis patients is frequent and it is associated with a reduction in muscular mass, strength, functional capacity and quality of life, with an increment in inflammatory and oxidative markers, and with a dysregulation of circulating miRNAs and its target genes.

Animal and human studies have reported that some dietary components (macronutrients, micronutrients and other bioactive substances) might restore these altered features.

Thus, we hypothesized that the intake of an oral nutritional supplement (ONS) specifically developed for malnourished hemodialysis patients enriched with functional nutrients (extra virgin olive oil, omega 3 fatty acids, whey protein, antioxidants, carnitine, and with or without probiotics) vs. individualized diet recommendations might:

• Improve nutritional status (visceral proteins, muscular mass), functional capacity and quality of life.
• Reduce inflammatory and oxidative markers, and modulate the circulating levels of some miRNAs and the expression of its target genes on cells. miRNAs may be useful biomarkers to check the response to a nutritional intervention in malnourished hemodialysis patients.

The present study is a randomized, multicenter, parallel-group trial with 3 groups, open to the intake of ONS or individualized diet recommendations, but double-blind to the intake of probiotics. Inclusion criteria comprised adult subjects (>18 y/o) undergoing hemodialysis more than 6 months previous at inclusion and at least one of these caloric malnutrition criteria: a) involuntary weight loss >5% in 3 months or >10% in 6 months; b) serum albumin < 3.5 g/dl or prealbumin <28 mg/dl; c) body mass index (BMI) < 23 kg/m2; d) muscular mass loss >5% in 3 months or >10% in 6 months.

The study duration is 6 months, and comprises 4 visits (screening, basal, 3 months and 6 months). A nutritional examination that included anthropometric measurements, handgrip strength measured by a hand dynamometer, body composition assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and a 5 days dietary record; quality of life evaluation by the "12-item short form health survey"; the presence of symptoms of depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale); assessment of functional status by the "Barthel" test, the "Short Physical Performance Battery" and the "International Physical Activity Questionnaire"; and blood and stool samples will be obtained for each participant in each study visit (except screening visit).

Detailed Description

Hypothesis:

The intake of an oral nutritional supplement (ONS) specifically developed for malnourished hemodialysis patients enriched with functional nutrients (extra virgin olive oil, omega 3 fatty acids, whey protein, antioxidants, carnitine, and with or without probiotics) vs. individualized diet recommendations might:

• Improve nutritional status (visceral proteins, muscular mass), functional capacity and quality of life.
• Reduce inflammatory and oxidative markers, and modulate the circulating levels of some miRNAs and the expression of its target genes on cells. miRNAs may be useful biomarkers to check the response to a nutritional intervention in undernourished hemodialysis patients.

Aims:

To evaluate:

• The clinical response after the nutritional intervention:

1. Nutritional status: anthropometric measurements, handgrip strength measured by a jamar hand dynamometer, body composition assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and a 5 days dietary record.

2. Functional status assessed by the "Barthel" test, the "Short Physical Performance Battery" and the "International Physical Activity Questionnaire".

3. Quality of life assessed by the "12-item short form health survey", and the presence of symptoms of depression and anxiety by the "Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale".

• The physiological response after the nutritional intervention:

1. Inflammatory markers.

2. Oxidative markers.

3. Gut microbiota.

4. Circulating miRNAs and the expression of its target genes on cells.

Study design:

• Randomized, multicenter, parallel-group trial with 3 groups, open to the intake of ONS or diet, but double-blind to the intake of probiotics.
• Study centers:

1. Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga (Spain).

2. Hospital San Cecilio. Granada (Spain).

3. Hospital Rey Juan Carlos. Móstoles, Madrid (Spain).

• One-hundred and twenty patients will be included. Eligible subjects will be invited to participate, and written informed consent will be obtained before the inclusion. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of these three groups:

1. ONS with probiotics. Dietary and physical activity recommendations.

2. ONS without probiotics. Dietary and physical activity recommendations.

3. Dietary and physical activity recommendations.

• The study duration is 6 months, and comprises 4 visits (screening, basal, 3 months and 6 months). Recruitment period: 12 months.
• Inclusion criteria: adult subjects (>18 y/o) undergoing hemodialysis more than 6 months previous at inclusion and at least one of these caloric malnutrition criteria: a) involuntary weight loss >5% in 3 months or >10% in 6 months; b) serum albumin < 3.5 g/dl or prealbumin <28 mg/dl; c) body mass index (BMI) < 23 kg/m2; d) muscular mass loss >5% in 3 months or >10% in 6 months.
• A nutritional examination that included anthropometric measurements, handgrip strength measured by a jamar hand dynamometer, body composition assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and a 5 days dietary record; quality of life evaluation by the "12-item short form health survey"; the presence of symptoms of depression and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale); assessment of functional status by the "Barthel" test, the "Short Physical Performance Battery" and the "International Physical Activity Questionnaire"; and blood and stool samples will be obtained for each participant in each study visit (except screening visit).

Conditions

Malnutrition; End Stage Renal Disease

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: QUADRUPLE

Study Groups

Oral nutritional supplement with probiotics

Oral nutritional supplement specifically developed for undernourished hemodialysis patients enriched with functional nutrients (extra virgin olive oil, omega 3 fatty acids, whey protein, antioxidants, carnitine), with probiotics.

Physical activity recommendations.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Oral nutritional supplement with probiotics

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Oral nutritional supplement specifically developed for undernourished hemodialysis patients enriched with functional nutrients (extra virgin olive oil, omega 3 fatty acids, whey protein, antioxidants and carnitine), with probiotics.

Oral nutritional supplement without probiotics

Oral nutritional supplement specifically developed for undernourished hemodialysis patients enriched with functional nutrients (extra virgin olive oil, omega 3 fatty acids, whey protein, antioxidants, carnitine), without probiotics.

Physical activity recommendations.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Oral nutritional supplement without probiotics

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Oral nutritional supplement specifically developed for undernourished hemodialysis patients enriched with functional nutrients (extra virgin olive oil, omega 3 fatty acids, whey protein, antioxidants and carnitine), without probiotics.

Individualized dietary recommendations

Individualized dietary recommendations. Physical activity recommendations.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Dietary recommendations

Intervention Type: OTHER

Dietary recommendations

Interventions

Oral nutritional supplement with probiotics

Oral nutritional supplement specifically developed for undernourished hemodialysis patients enriched with functional nutrients (extra virgin olive oil, omega 3 fatty acids, whey protein, antioxidants and carnitine), with probiotics.

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Oral nutritional supplement without probiotics

Oral nutritional supplement specifically developed for undernourished hemodialysis patients enriched with functional nutrients (extra virgin olive oil, omega 3 fatty acids, whey protein, antioxidants and carnitine), without probiotics.

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Dietary recommendations

Dietary recommendations

Intervention Type: OTHER

Other Intervention Names

Physical activity recommendations.; Physical activity recommendations.; Physical activity recommendations.

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Adult subjects (>18 y/o) undergoing hemodialysis more than 6 months previous at inclusion.
• At least one of these caloric malnutrition criteria: a) involuntary weight loss >5% in 3 months or >10% in 6 months; b) serum albumin < 3.5 g/dl or prealbumin <28 mg/dl; c) body mass index (BMI) < 23 kg/m2; d) muscular mass loss >5% in 3 months or >10% in 6 months.
• Standard hemodialysis therapy (3 days/week, 240 min, high permeability dialyzer, blood flow >250 ml/min and dialysate flow 500 ml/min) or on-line hemodialysis therapy that was not modified in the last 3 months previous to the inclusion.
• Written informed consent obtained.

Exclusion Criteria

• Type 1 diabetes mellitus or type 2 diabetes mellitus with HbA1c>9%.
• Unstable dry weight.
• Limb amputation.
• Significant edema.
• Active malignancy.
• Hospital admissions in the last 3 months.
• Acute gastrointestinal disease in the 2 weeks before the inclusion.
• Gastrectomy, gastroparesis or abnormal gastric emptying.
• Acute heart failure grade IV.
• Severe hepatic insufficiency (men gamma glutamyl transferase -GGT- >150 U/l, women >120 U/l).
• Alcohol or other drugs abuse.
• Participants enrolled in other research study at inclusion.
• Pregnant women.
• No informed consent obtained.
• Patients who received any oral nutritional supplement (specific for hemodialysis patients or not) in the 4 weeks before the inclusion.
• Patients receiving enteral tube feeding.
• Galactosemia, fructosemia, or requirement of a no fiber diet.
• Allergy or hypersensitivity to any ingredient of the oral nutritional supplement.
• Ongoing treatment with glucocorticoids.
• Patients who received any oral fatty acids omega-3 supplement in the 4 weeks before the inclusion.
• Patients who received intradialytic parenteral nutrition in the 3 months before the inclusion.
• Patients who received any probiotics or prebiotics (not as part of the diet) in the 3 months before the inclusion.
• Anemia (Hemoglobin < 10 g/dl) or Epoetin resistance.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación de Málaga en Biomedicina y Salud

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Gabriel Olveira, MD, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Instituto de Investigación biomédica de Málaga

Locations

Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos

Móstoles, Madrid, Spain

Hospital San Cecilio

Granada, , Spain

Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga

Málaga, , Spain

Countries

Spain

References

Cooper TE, Khalid R, Chan S, Craig JC, Hawley CM, Howell M, Johnson DW, Jaure A, Teixeira-Pinto A, Wong G. Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for people with chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Oct 23;10(10):CD013631. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013631.pub2.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 37870148 (View on PubMed)

Hevilla F, Padial M, Blanca M, Barril G, Jimenez-Salcedo T, Ramirez-Ortiz M, Nogueira A, Gentile A, Garcia-Escobar E, Romero-Zerbo SY, Olveira G. Effect on nutritional status and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidation of an oral nutritional supplement (with or without probiotics) in malnourished hemodialysis patients. A multicenter randomized clinical trial "Renacare Trial". Front Nutr. 2023 Feb 3;10:1107869. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1107869. eCollection 2023.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 36819685 (View on PubMed)

Nishioka N, Luo Y, Taniguchi T, Ohnishi T, Kimachi M, Ng RC, Watanabe N. Carnitine supplements for people with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Dec 6;12(12):CD013601. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013601.pub2.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 36472884 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

PI18/01041

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id