A Comparison of Hip Extension and Nordic Hamstring Exercise Programmes on Isokinetic Hamstring Strength
NCT ID: NCT03697473
Last Updated: 2018-10-05
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
26 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2017-01-05
2017-04-30
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Participants were recruited from the local university sports clubs. Club chairpersons were asked to send an email to club players. Players interested in participating in the study expressed an interest by replying to the email. Potential participants were asked to attend a meeting where they had the study explained to them. Those who were interested were then assessed for inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Group allocation:
A four block randomisation method was used to allocate participants to the Nordic hamstring exercise protocol or the hip extension exercise protocol.
Interventions:
The Nordic hamstring exercise protocol or the hip extension exercise protocol
Testing procedure:
The isokinetic strength of the participants' hamstrings and quadriceps were recorded before and after the exercise intervention.
A 10 point visual analogue scale was used to record the level of muscle soreness experienced after each training session.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
BASIC_SCIENCE
SINGLE
Study Groups
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Nordic Hamstring Exercise Group
Participants were required to kneel on a gym mat keeping their hips in a slightly flexed position and to slowly lower themselves in a controlled manner as far as they could towards the ground. When they could no longer lower themselves as such, they were instructed to utilise their arms to buffer the fall and touch their chest off the ground, while maintaining tension in their hamstrings. Once their chest touched the ground they were instructed to immediately return to the starting position by pushing up with their hands.
Nordic hamstring exercise
The exercise protocol consisted of the following sets and repetitions Week 1 - 2 sessions with 2 sets of 6 repetitions. Week 2 - 2 sessions with 3 sets of 6 repetitions Week 3 - 2 sessions with 4 sets of 8 repetitions. Week 4 - 2 sessions with 4 sets of 10 repetitions.
Hip Extension Exercise Group
The participant lay on an exercise bench at a 45° angle with their hips held just over the top of the bench, their trunk erect and hips extended and their heel supported. Participants slowly flexed their hip until they reached 90° from the starting position and were then required to return to the starting position by extending through the hip while maintaining a neutral pelvic and trunk posture throughout. This exercise was then repeated on the opposite leg
Hip extension exercise
The exercise protocol consisted of the following sets and repetitions Week 1 - 2 sessions with 2 sets of 6 repetitions. Week 2 - 2 sessions with 3 sets of 6 repetitions Week 3 - 2 sessions with 4 sets of 8 repetitions. Week 4 - 2 sessions with 4 sets of 10 repetitions.
Interventions
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Nordic hamstring exercise
The exercise protocol consisted of the following sets and repetitions Week 1 - 2 sessions with 2 sets of 6 repetitions. Week 2 - 2 sessions with 3 sets of 6 repetitions Week 3 - 2 sessions with 4 sets of 8 repetitions. Week 4 - 2 sessions with 4 sets of 10 repetitions.
Hip extension exercise
The exercise protocol consisted of the following sets and repetitions Week 1 - 2 sessions with 2 sets of 6 repetitions. Week 2 - 2 sessions with 3 sets of 6 repetitions Week 3 - 2 sessions with 4 sets of 8 repetitions. Week 4 - 2 sessions with 4 sets of 10 repetitions.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* free from hamstring injury in the 6 months prior to the study
* currently playing Gaelic football at a varsity level on at least three occasions per week
Exclusion Criteria
* a history of anterior cruciate ligament rupture
* a history of involvement in a hamstring strengthening, injury prevention programme in the 3 months prior to the study.
18 Years
35 Years
MALE
Yes
Sponsors
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Dublin City University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Enda Whyte, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Dublin City University
Siobhán O'Connor, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Dublin City University
References
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van der Horst N, Smits DW, Petersen J, Goedhart EA, Backx FJ. The preventive effect of the nordic hamstring exercise on hamstring injuries in amateur soccer players: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Sports Med. 2015 Jun;43(6):1316-23. doi: 10.1177/0363546515574057. Epub 2015 Mar 20.
Bourne MN, Timmins RG, Opar DA, Pizzari T, Ruddy JD, Sims C, Williams MD, Shield AJ. An Evidence-Based Framework for Strengthening Exercises to Prevent Hamstring Injury. Sports Med. 2018 Feb;48(2):251-267. doi: 10.1007/s40279-017-0796-x.
Bourne MN, Duhig SJ, Timmins RG, Williams MD, Opar DA, Al Najjar A, Kerr GK, Shield AJ. Impact of the Nordic hamstring and hip extension exercises on hamstring architecture and morphology: implications for injury prevention. Br J Sports Med. 2017 Mar;51(5):469-477. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096130. Epub 2016 Sep 22.
Bijur PE, Silver W, Gallagher EJ. Reliability of the visual analog scale for measurement of acute pain. Acad Emerg Med. 2001 Dec;8(12):1153-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2001.tb01132.x.
Impellizzeri FM, Bizzini M, Rampinini E, Cereda F, Maffiuletti NA. Reliability of isokinetic strength imbalance ratios measured using the Cybex NORM dynamometer. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2008 Mar;28(2):113-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-097X.2007.00786.x. Epub 2007 Dec 7.
Lee JWY, Mok KM, Chan HCK, Yung PSH, Chan KM. Eccentric hamstring strength deficit and poor hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio are risk factors for hamstring strain injury in football: A prospective study of 146 professional players. J Sci Med Sport. 2018 Aug;21(8):789-793. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.11.017. Epub 2017 Dec 5.
Opar DA, Williams MD, Timmins RG, Hickey J, Duhig SJ, Shield AJ. Eccentric hamstring strength and hamstring injury risk in Australian footballers. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2015 Apr;47(4):857-65. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000465.
Whyte EF, Heneghan B, Feely K, Moran KA, O'Connor S. The Effect of Hip Extension and Nordic Hamstring Exercise Protocols on Hamstring Strength: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Strength Cond Res. 2021 Oct 1;35(10):2682-2689. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003220.
Other Identifiers
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2016_007_EW
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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