Effect of Morning Snack on Cognitive Performance in Adults

NCT ID: NCT03637829

Last Updated: 2019-05-21

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

26 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2018-03-05

Study Completion Date

2018-09-01

Brief Summary

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To characterize the effects of three chocolate snacks on cognitive performance, subjective appetite, food intake control, and glycemic response in normal weight adults.

Detailed Description

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On 4 separate mornings, 7 days apart, 12 hours after an overnight fast, and 3 hours after a standardized breakfast of a cereal bar, orange juice and fruit cup, participants will consume isocaloric snacks of white chocolate, 2 types of dark chocolate or control (water), followed by an ad libitum pizza lunch 90 minutes later. Upon arrival, at baseline (0 minutes), participants will be asked to complete the motivation-to-eat, global vigor and subjective emotion visual analogue scales (VAS), a battery of cognitive performance tasks and have blood samples taken, as reported and validated in our previous studies. Over the 90 minute testing period, blood samples will be taken,the VAS questions will be completed and cognitive tasks will be completed. Cognitive performance assessments will include learning and memory, spatial memory, attention and processing speed, and executive functions. VAS measuring physical comfort is completed pre- and post-meal. Ad libitum food intake from a test meal will be measured.

Conditions

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Nutrition Cognitive Change Food Intake Control Satiety

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

A random and within subject, repeated measures experiment to study the effect of chocolate on cognitive performance, subjective appetite, food intake, and glycemic response in normal weight adults.
Primary Study Purpose

OTHER

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Investigators
treatments are in individual packages labelled "A", "B" and "C". Study participants and investigators are blinded to the composition of the test treatments.

Study Groups

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Control

250 mL of water

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Control

Intervention Type OTHER

Water

White Chocolate

White chocolate (40 g)

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

White chocolate

Intervention Type OTHER

Experimental snack treatment

Dark chocolate 1

Dark chocolate (40 g)

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Dark chocolate 1

Intervention Type OTHER

Experimental snack treatment

Dark chocolate 2

Dark chocolate (46 g) possibly containing caffeine and/or theobromine

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Dark chocolate 2

Intervention Type OTHER

Experimental snack treatment

Interventions

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Control

Water

Intervention Type OTHER

White chocolate

Experimental snack treatment

Intervention Type OTHER

Dark chocolate 1

Experimental snack treatment

Intervention Type OTHER

Dark chocolate 2

Experimental snack treatment

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* be between 18 and 35 years of age
* be healthy and have a have body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 and 24.9
* not be taking any medications, not smoking, and
* not have allergies to chocolate, dairy or gluten
* be tested during the early follicular phase of their menstrual cycle for women

Exclusion Criteria

* anyone with food sensitivities or allergies to chocolate, dairy or gluten,
* smokers
* diabetic or overweight/obese individuals.
* Restrained eating habits, defined as scoring greater than 11 points on the eating habits questionnaire
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

35 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Toronto Metropolitan University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Nick Bellissimo

Associate Professor

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Nick Bellissimo, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Toronto Metropolitan University

Locations

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School of Nutrition, Ryerson University

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Site Status

Countries

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Canada

Other Identifiers

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Ryerson-REB-2017-339

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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