Impact of a High Saturated Fat Diet on Fasted Systemic and White Adipose Tissue Inflammatory Responses

NCT ID: NCT03569189

Last Updated: 2019-01-04

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 15 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2018-07-02
• Study Completion Date: 2018-11-23

Brief Summary

This study will investigate the effect of a 7-day westernised high-fat (65% of kilocalories), high-calorie (150% of requirements) diet on markers of inflammation in the blood and white adipose tissue. Participants will firstly complete a 3-day weight maintenance phase (Days 1-3) before completing a 7-day high fat diet intervention (Days 4-10). On days 4 and 11 participants will complete a laboratory visit where anthropometric measurements, blood and adipose samples will be collected.

The investigators hypothesise that consuming a high-fat, high-calorie diet for 7 days will alter the inflammatory responses in white adipose tissue and will induce metabolic endotoxaemia / systemic inflammation.

Conditions

Inflammation; Obesity; Inflammatory Response; Cardiovascular Diseases

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NA
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

High Fat Diet

Participants will consume a high-fat, high-calorie diet for 7 days (i.e. westernised diet) following a 3-day weight maintenance diet. Measurements will be made pre- and post-high fat diet intervention.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

High Fat Diet

Intervention Type: OTHER

Participants will consume a high fat diet for 7 days with 65% of energy from fat. The diet will also provide an energy excess at 150% of energy requirements.

Participants will be provided with all of their meals and snacks throughout the study.

Interventions

High Fat Diet

Participants will consume a high fat diet for 7 days with 65% of energy from fat. The diet will also provide an energy excess at 150% of energy requirements.

Participants will be provided with all of their meals and snacks throughout the study.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• 18-40 years
• BMI = 21.0-29.9 kg/m2
• Male or female
• Physically active (> 3 x 30 min moderate exercise per week)
• Healthy
• No cardiometabolic (e.g. heart disease, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes) or inflammatory illness

Exclusion Criteria

• Inactive (< 3 x 30 min moderate exercise per week)
• Smoker
• Women who are pregnant or lactating
• Medication/supplements known to interfere with study outcomes or prescribed antibiotics within the last 3 months
• Unstable weight history (≥3kg loss or gain in the previous 3 months)
• An allergy to lidocaine
• Food allergies (e.g. gluten, dairy) and intolerances (e.g. lactose) which could impede compliance to the diet
• Vegetarian/ vegan (as the high-fat diet is based on animal fats)
• Consumption of probiotics yogurts during or within the four weeks prior to the start of the study (e.g. Actimel, Activia, Yakult, Yeo Valley)
• Alcohol consumption >28 units per week for a man (i.e. not more than 14 pints of beer or 28 small glasses of wine) or >21 units per week for a woman (i.e. more than 10 and a half pints of beer or 21 small glasses of wine)
• Any other unusual medical history or diet and lifestyle habits or practices that would preclude volunteers from participating in a dietary intervention or metabolic study
• Restrained eaters (determined by Three Factor Eating Questionnaire)

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 40 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Loughborough University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Dr Oonagh Markey

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Oonagh Markey, BSc, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Loughborough University

Locations

Loughborough University

Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom

Countries

United Kingdom

References

Dewhurst-Trigg R, Wadley AJ, Woods RM, Sherar LB, Bishop NC, Hulston CJ, Markey O. Short-term High-fat Overfeeding Does Not Induce NF-kappaB Inflammatory Signaling in Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Jul 1;105(7):dgaa158. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa158.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 32232380 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

R18-P040

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id