Effects of Aerobic and Resistance Training on Accumulation of Old, Modified Proteins in Young and Older Adults

NCT ID: NCT01477164

Last Updated: 2017-08-08

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 72 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2011-11-30
• Study Completion Date: 2017-03-31

Brief Summary

Muscle proteins accumulate damage during aging and leads to the loss of muscle mass and function in older people. Exercise can increase the making of new proteins and removal of older proteins, but it is not known if the effect changes with aging or type of exercise. The investigators will determine the ability for endurance, resistance, or a combination of exercise training to remove older-damaged proteins and make newer-functional muscle proteins in groups of younger and older people. The investigators will particularly study protein that are involved with energy production (mitochondrial proteins) and force production (contractile proteins).

Hypothesis 1: Older people will have greater accumulation of damaged proteins than younger people.

Hypothesis 2: Aerobic exercise will decrease the accumulation of damaged forms of contractile and mitochondrial proteins in younger and older people.

Hypothesis 3: Resistance exercise will decrease the accumulation of damaged forms of contractile proteins in younger and older people.

Detailed Description

The loss of muscle mass and function with age leads to high social and economic costs. Lifestyle interventions that can help maintain muscle mass and function can be beneficial to improve health and decrease the costs associated with loss of independence in the elderly. Muscle proteins accumulate damage during aging, which is suggested to lead to loss of function. The biological processes that remove damaged proteins and synthesis new proteins appear to be decreased with aging. Exercise is known to increase the processes that remove older and synthesis newer muscle proteins and may be an effect lifestyle intervention to improve muscle quality and function. Additionally, specific types of proteins appear to decay with age including contractile and mitochondrial proteins. Different types of exercise training can increase the making of specific proteins. The investigators will examine the ability for aerobic and resistance training to increase the quality of mitochondrial and contractile proteins between younger and older people.

Conditions

Sarcopenia

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Aerobic Exercise Training

Participants will perform 12-weeks of high intensity aerobic training.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

High intensity aerobic exercise

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Participants will perform 12-weeks of high intensity aerobic training. Training will be 5-days per week. Three days (e.g. Monday, Wednesday and Friday) will include repeated bouts of cycling for 4-minutes at \~90% maximal effort followed by 3 minutes of active rest. The other two days (e.g. Tuesday and Thursday) will be treadmill exercise for 45 minutes at 70% of maximal effort.

Combined

The combined group will have 12-weeks of no exercise followed by 12-weeks of combined aerobic and resistance exercise training. Assessments will be made at three time points: baseline, after 12-weeks of no training, and after 12-weeks of combined training.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Combined

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

The combined group will be assessed before and after 12 weeks of no exercise training, then again following 12 weeks of combined aerobic and resistance exercise training.

Resistance Exercise Training

Participants will perform 12-weeks of resistance exercise training.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Resistance exercise training

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Participants will perform 12-weeks of resistance exercise training. Training will be 5-days per week of daily sessions of 60 minutes that include resistance exercise for all major muscle groups.

Interventions

High intensity aerobic exercise

Participants will perform 12-weeks of high intensity aerobic training. Training will be 5-days per week. Three days (e.g. Monday, Wednesday and Friday) will include repeated bouts of cycling for 4-minutes at \~90% maximal effort followed by 3 minutes of active rest. The other two days (e.g. Tuesday and Thursday) will be treadmill exercise for 45 minutes at 70% of maximal effort.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Resistance exercise training

Participants will perform 12-weeks of resistance exercise training. Training will be 5-days per week of daily sessions of 60 minutes that include resistance exercise for all major muscle groups.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Combined

The combined group will be assessed before and after 12 weeks of no exercise training, then again following 12 weeks of combined aerobic and resistance exercise training.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Healthy
• 18 to 30 years or 65 to 80 years old
• Male and female

Exclusion Criteria

• Regular exercise program
• Smoking
• Metabolic disease (diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, thyroid disorders)
• Pregnancy
• Inability to exercise
• Overweight or obesity
• Drugs known to impair metabolic function (statin, beta-blocker, anti-inflammatory)
• Allergies to lidocaine

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 80 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Mayo Clinic

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

K. Sreekumaran Nair

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

K. Sreekumaran Nair, M.D., Ph.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Mayo Clinic

Locations

Mayo Clinic

Rochester, Minnesota, United States

Countries

United States

References

Pataky MW, Heppelmann CJ, Sevits KJ, Asokan AK, Kumar AP, Klaus KA, Dasari S, Kunz HE, Strub MD, Robinson MM, Coon JJ, Lanza IR, Adams CM, Nair KS. Aerobic and resistance exercise-regulated phosphoproteome and acetylproteome modifications in human skeletal muscle. Nat Commun. 2025 Jul 1;16(1):5700. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-60049-0.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 40595512 (View on PubMed)

Zhang X, Habiballa L, Aversa Z, Ng YE, Sakamoto AE, Englund DA, Pearsall VM, White TA, Robinson MM, Rivas DA, Dasari S, Hruby AJ, Lagnado AB, Jachim SK, Granic A, Sayer AA, Jurk D, Lanza IR, Khosla S, Fielding RA, Nair KS, Schafer MJ, Passos JF, LeBrasseur NK. Characterization of cellular senescence in aging skeletal muscle. Nat Aging. 2022 Jul;2(7):601-615. doi: 10.1038/s43587-022-00250-8. Epub 2022 Jul 15.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 36147777 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

10-005853

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id