Long-Term Benefits of Eccentric Cycling Exercise in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
NCT ID: NCT07109102
Last Updated: 2025-08-07
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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NOT_YET_RECRUITING
NA
30 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2025-08-31
2026-08-31
Brief Summary
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* What are the effects of ECC cycling compared to concentric (CON) cycling on physiological responses, exercise capacity, and QoL in patients with T2DM?
* What are the differential effects of moderate- and high-intensity ECC cycling compared to CON cycling on physiological responses, exercise capacity, and QoL in patients with T2DM?
Researchers will compare moderate- and high-intensity ECC cycling to CON cycling (conventional cycling) to see if ECC cycling can be a viable alternative or complement to existing exercise protocols for managing T2DM.
Participants will:
* Undergo pre-, mid-, and post-intervention assessment
* Perform either moderate- or high-intensity ECC cycling or moderate intensity CON cycling according to group randomisation by the researcher.
* Start with two familiarisation sessions prior to the actual cycling training.
* Perform cycling exercise twice per week for 10 weeks.
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Detailed Description
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Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
PREVENTION
NONE
Study Groups
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Moderate intensity eccentric cycling (MI-ECC)
Moderate-intensity eccentric cycling
* This group will perform eccentric cycling exercise twice per week for ten weeks using the Cyclus2 standard eccentric ergometer.
* The intensity will start at 60% of the peak power output (PPO) of the incremental concentric cycling test.
* The intensity will progressively increase by 5% of PPO every 2 weeks (60%-80% PPO).
High intensity eccentric cycling (HI-ECC)
High-intensity eccentric cycling
* This group will perform eccentric cycling exercise twice per week for ten weeks using the Cyclus2 standard eccentric ergometer.
* The intensity will start at 80% of the peak power output (PPO) of the incremental concentric cycling test.
* The intensity will progressively increase by 5% of PPO every 2 weeks (80%-100% PPO).
Moderate intensity concentric cycling (MI-CON)
Moderate-intensity concentric cycling
* This group will perform concentric cycling exercise twice per week for ten weeks using the Lode Excalibur sport ergometer.
* The intensity will start at 60% of the peak power output (PPO) of the incremental concentric cycling test.
* The intensity will progressively increase by 5% of PPO every 2 weeks (60%-80% PPO).
Interventions
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Moderate-intensity eccentric cycling
* This group will perform eccentric cycling exercise twice per week for ten weeks using the Cyclus2 standard eccentric ergometer.
* The intensity will start at 60% of the peak power output (PPO) of the incremental concentric cycling test.
* The intensity will progressively increase by 5% of PPO every 2 weeks (60%-80% PPO).
High-intensity eccentric cycling
* This group will perform eccentric cycling exercise twice per week for ten weeks using the Cyclus2 standard eccentric ergometer.
* The intensity will start at 80% of the peak power output (PPO) of the incremental concentric cycling test.
* The intensity will progressively increase by 5% of PPO every 2 weeks (80%-100% PPO).
Moderate-intensity concentric cycling
* This group will perform concentric cycling exercise twice per week for ten weeks using the Lode Excalibur sport ergometer.
* The intensity will start at 60% of the peak power output (PPO) of the incremental concentric cycling test.
* The intensity will progressively increase by 5% of PPO every 2 weeks (60%-80% PPO).
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Age 30 - 60 years old
* Height ≥155cm (To ensure proper ergonomics, comfort and safety during cycling)
* HbA1C level between 6-8%
* No resistance exercise for ≤ 3 months before participating in the current study.
* Physical inactivity (moderate to vigorous exercise ≤60 minutes weekly based on International Physical Activity Questionnaires-Short Form (IPAQ-SF))
Exclusion Criteria
* Insulin injection
30 Years
60 Years
MALE
No
Sponsors
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Universiti Sains Malaysia
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Rabiatul Adawiah Abdul Rahman
Principal Investigator
Locations
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Cardio and Muscle Function Laboratory, Pusat Perubatan USM Bertam
Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Countries
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Central Contacts
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Facility Contacts
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References
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Ansari M, Hardcastle S, Myers S, Williams AD. The Health and Functional Benefits of Eccentric versus Concentric Exercise Training: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Sports Sci Med. 2023 Jun 1;22(2):288-309. doi: 10.52082/jssm.2023.288. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Borot L, Pageaux B, Laroche D, Vergotte G, Lepers R, Perrey S. Eccentric cycling involves greater mental demand and cortical activation of the frontoparietal network. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2024 Jan;34(1):e14517. doi: 10.1111/sms.14517. Epub 2023 Oct 9.
Penailillo L, Blazevich AJ, Nosaka K. Factors contributing to lower metabolic demand of eccentric compared with concentric cycling. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2017 Oct 1;123(4):884-893. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00536.2016. Epub 2017 Jun 29.
Hoppeler H. Moderate Load Eccentric Exercise; A Distinct Novel Training Modality. Front Physiol. 2016 Nov 16;7:483. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00483. eCollection 2016.
Marcus RL, Lastayo PC, Dibble LE, Hill L, McClain DA. Increased strength and physical performance with eccentric training in women with impaired glucose tolerance: a pilot study. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2009 Feb;18(2):253-60. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2007.0669.
Clos P, Laroche D, Stapley PJ, Lepers R. Neuromuscular and Perceptual Responses to Sub-Maximal Eccentric Cycling. Front Physiol. 2019 Mar 28;10:354. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00354. eCollection 2019.
Penailillo L, Blazevich A, Numazawa H, Nosaka K. Metabolic and muscle damage profiles of concentric versus repeated eccentric cycling. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2013 Sep;45(9):1773-81. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31828f8a73.
LaStayo P, Marcus R, Dibble L, Frajacomo F, Lindstedt S. Eccentric exercise in rehabilitation: safety, feasibility, and application. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2014 Jun 1;116(11):1426-34. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00008.2013. Epub 2013 Jul 3.
LaStayo PC, Ewy GA, Pierotti DD, Johns RK, Lindstedt S. The positive effects of negative work: increased muscle strength and decreased fall risk in a frail elderly population. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2003 May;58(5):M419-24. doi: 10.1093/gerona/58.5.m419.
Kudiarasu C, Rohadhia W, Katsura Y, Koeda T, Singh F, Nosaka K. Eccentric-only versus concentric-only resistance training effects on biochemical and physiological parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2021 Dec 20;13(1):162. doi: 10.1186/s13102-021-00384-z.
Julian V, Thivel D, Miguet M, Pereira B, Costes F, Coudeyre E, Duclos M, Richard R. Eccentric cycling is more efficient in reducing fat mass than concentric cycling in adolescents with obesity. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2019 Jan;29(1):4-15. doi: 10.1111/sms.13301. Epub 2018 Oct 4.
Szucs G, Pipicz M, Szabo MR, Csont T, Torok L, Csonka C. Effect of Eccentric Exercise on Metabolic Health in Diabetes and Obesity. Sports Med Open. 2023 Sep 29;9(1):91. doi: 10.1186/s40798-023-00596-2.
Related Links
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Related Info
Other Identifiers
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USM/JEPeM/PP/25030323
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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