Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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NOT_YET_RECRUITING
NA
99 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2025-08-01
2026-04-15
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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A total of eligible participants will be recruited from the Faculty of Health Sciences at Kahramanmaraş Sütçü Imam University and randomly assigned to one of the three groups using block randomization to ensure balanced allocation. All participants will initially receive a standardized 2-hour face-to-face theoretical session on Leopold maneuvers, delivered by experienced faculty members using the same content.
Following the theoretical instruction:
The video group will view a professionally prepared instructional video demonstrating all four Leopold maneuvers.
The model group will engage in hands-on practice using standardized pregnant anatomical mannequins under supervision.
The control group will not receive any additional material or practice after the theoretical session.
Psychomotor skill acquisition will be measured using a structured and validated 25-item Leopold Maneuver Psychomotor Skills Assessment Form, scored on a 0-4 Likert scale per item, with a total score range of 0-100. Assessments will be conducted at two time points: (1) within a few days following the intervention (to assess immediate skill gain), and (2) two months post-intervention (to assess skill retention).
To address potential ethical concerns and ensure educational equity, compensatory training (video + model-based) will be offered to all groups after final assessments are completed.
Additional data collection tools include:
A Student Satisfaction Scale designed for evaluating the learner experience with the instructional method,
The Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S) to assess state anxiety levels during skills application phases.
All statistical analyses will be conducted using SPSS version XX (or equivalent), employing appropriate tests for intergroup comparisons (e.g., ANOVA, repeated measures ANOVA) and within-group changes (e.g., paired t-tests or non-parametric equivalents depending on distribution). A p-value \< 0.05 will be considered statistically significant.
The study adheres to ethical guidelines for human subject research and has obtained approval from the relevant Institutional Ethics Committee. Participation is voluntary and written informed consent will be obtained from all students prior to enrollment.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
OTHER
NONE
Study Groups
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Model-Based Training Group
Participants in this group will receive the same 2-hour theoretical education, followed by hands-on practice of Leopold maneuvers on anatomical models under researcher supervision.
To compare the effectiveness of video- and model-based training methods in improving Leopold maneuver skills among midwifery students.
This study involves two educational interventions aimed at improving Leopold maneuver skills among midwifery students. Both intervention groups receive a standardized 2-hour theoretical lecture about the purpose, application, and clinical relevance of the Leopold maneuvers.
In the Video-Based Training Group, students watch an instructional video developed by the research team that visually demonstrates each step of the maneuver.
In the Model-Based Training Group, students perform the maneuvers on anatomical models under the supervision of an instructor.
These interventions are conducted in separate sessions to prevent cross-group contamination.
Video-Based Training Group
Participants in this group will receive a 2-hour theoretical education on Leopold maneuvers followed by video-based training using an instructional video. Training is conducted in a skills lab environment.
To compare the effectiveness of video- and model-based training methods in improving Leopold maneuver skills among midwifery students.
This study involves two educational interventions aimed at improving Leopold maneuver skills among midwifery students. Both intervention groups receive a standardized 2-hour theoretical lecture about the purpose, application, and clinical relevance of the Leopold maneuvers.
In the Video-Based Training Group, students watch an instructional video developed by the research team that visually demonstrates each step of the maneuver.
In the Model-Based Training Group, students perform the maneuvers on anatomical models under the supervision of an instructor.
These interventions are conducted in separate sessions to prevent cross-group contamination.
Control Group
Participants in this group will only receive the 2-hour theoretical training. No additional practical training will be provided.
No interventions assigned to this group
Interventions
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To compare the effectiveness of video- and model-based training methods in improving Leopold maneuver skills among midwifery students.
This study involves two educational interventions aimed at improving Leopold maneuver skills among midwifery students. Both intervention groups receive a standardized 2-hour theoretical lecture about the purpose, application, and clinical relevance of the Leopold maneuvers.
In the Video-Based Training Group, students watch an instructional video developed by the research team that visually demonstrates each step of the maneuver.
In the Model-Based Training Group, students perform the maneuvers on anatomical models under the supervision of an instructor.
These interventions are conducted in separate sessions to prevent cross-group contamination.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Has not previously taken the "Normal Pregnancy and Care" course
* Has not received prior training on Leopold maneuvers
* Willing to voluntarily participate in the study
* Able to attend all training and assessment sessions during the study period
Exclusion Criteria
* Being on leave or having frozen enrollment during the study period
* Sharing study content or violating confidentiality with members of other groups
* Withdrawing from the study voluntarily or being excluded due to absenteeism
FEMALE
Yes
Sponsors
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Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Deniz Akyıldız
Assoc. Prof.
Central Contacts
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References
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Opoku A, Usman MB, Adjei TA, Owusu-Afriyie B, Opoku W. Nursing and midwifery students' perceptions of sign language training in Ghana: relevance, instructional methods, and assessment practices. BMC Nurs. 2025 Jul 18;24(1):942. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03610-y.
Bowers M, Terry D, Irwin P. The impact of reflective practice on nursing students: a scoping review. Nurse Educ Pract. 2025 Aug;87:104468. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2025.104468. Epub 2025 Jul 13.
Related Links
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Background This randomized controlled trial evaluated the outcomes of simulation- and video-based training for teaching nursing students Leopold's maneuver. Their self-efficacy and anxiety levels were also explored. Method Data were collected among 12
Other Identifiers
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Leopold Training
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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