Clarity in Motion Phase-1 Perceptual Study of Speech Intelligibility
NCT ID: NCT07020728
Last Updated: 2025-06-25
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
72 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2024-08-01
2024-08-31
Brief Summary
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Participants who passed the hearing screen and other inclusion criteria were divided into 6 groups, each of which were presented with 144 stimuli equally distributed among processing conditions. Listeners choose a comfortable listening level using supplied headphones and were able to control the rate of presentation. Following a short practice session, listeners were be asked to transcribe each target sentence. The intelligibility of each stimulus was estimated by determining the mean percentage of content words correctly transcribed. After transcription, listeners were asked for two qualitative judgments: (1) the "clarity" of the stimulus, and (2) the "listening effort" involved. The quality of each stimulus was estimated by the median quality judgment, and the effort likewise. Listening sessions were located in a quiet room and presentation was controlled by the Superlab presentation software program.
The Stimuli consisted of audio recordings of target spondaic words embedded in a carrier sentence produced by a male and a female native speaker of American English recorded under quiet conditions. Each stimulus presented to the listeners for identification was either unmasked pristine speech or speech that had been processed in one of five ways with different mixtures of noise and sensor movement. The latter are identified as QoS Levels 1-5.
Collectively, the estimates of word intelligibility, clarity, and listening effort under the different conditions shed light on the effectiveness with which the tested algorithm preserves listener intelligibility with acceptable effort and quality.
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Detailed Description
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Participants who passed the hearing screen and other inclusion criteria were divided into 6 groups, each of which was presented with 144 stimuli equally distributed among processing conditions (Pristine Non-Moving Speech plus QoS Levels 1-5). Listeners self-selected a comfortable listening level using supplied headphones and were able to control the rate of presentation. Following a short practice session, listeners were asked to transcribe the target sentences, and the intelligibility of each stimulus was estimated by determining the mean percentage of content words correctly transcribed. After transcription, listeners were also asked for two qualitative judgments using a visual analog scale: (1) the "clarity" of the stimulus, and (2) the "listening effort" involved. These measures are sensitive to situations where listeners manage to extract the uttered words from the signal, but with increasing difficulty. The quality of each stimulus was estimated by the median quality judgment, and the effort likewise. Listening sessions took place in a quiet room and presentation was controlled by the Superlab presentation software program.
The Stimuli consisted of audio recordings of target spondaic words embedded in a carrier sentence produced by a male and a female native speaker of American English recorded under quiet conditions. Each stimulus presented to the listeners for identification was either unmasked pristine speech or speech that had have been processed in one of five ways with different mixtures of noise and sensor movement. The latter are identified as QoS Levels 1-5. Each type of processing was expected to have a different effect on the underlying probability that the listener would be able to correctly identify the spoken word, the effort required to do so, and the quality of the presented recording. Data on familiarity ratings for the target spondaic words and relative intelligibility of the two speakers under different conditions of noise masking has been previously reported.
Collectively, the estimates of word intelligibility, clarity, and listening effort under the different conditions is expected to shed light on the effectiveness with which the tested algorithm preserves listener intelligibility with acceptable effort and quality.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
CROSSOVER
BASIC_SCIENCE
SINGLE
Study Groups
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Group 1A
Subjects in this Group listened and responded to a unique set of stimulus/treatment pairs.
Solo: Unmasked Speech Stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. No masking sources present. No BSS applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
Raw: Fully masked speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. No speech separation or extraction methods applied to multi-channel recordings. Very low output QoS values.
StatScrub: Extracted Speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
SlideSpch: Scrubbed Speech emitted from linearly moving speaker stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using linearly moving speech source and stationary masking sources and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Moderately high output QoS values.
SlideNoise: Speech Scrubbed from linearly moving and stationary noise stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using a stationary speech source, a stationary noise source, and a linearly moving noise source. A valid source hypothesis of the speech source is used to extract the speech source. High output QoS values.
SlideMic: Stationary sources scrubbed from a linearly moving mic stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using all stationary sources, and a linearly moving microphone (mic 1). Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources is used to reduce the response of Mic 1 to a residue of speech. Low output QoS values.
Group 1B
Subjects in this Group listened and responded to a unique set of stimulus/treatment pairs.
Solo: Unmasked Speech Stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. No masking sources present. No BSS applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
Raw: Fully masked speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. No speech separation or extraction methods applied to multi-channel recordings. Very low output QoS values.
StatScrub: Extracted Speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
SlideSpch: Scrubbed Speech emitted from linearly moving speaker stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using linearly moving speech source and stationary masking sources and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Moderately high output QoS values.
SlideNoise: Speech Scrubbed from linearly moving and stationary noise stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using a stationary speech source, a stationary noise source, and a linearly moving noise source. A valid source hypothesis of the speech source is used to extract the speech source. High output QoS values.
SlideMic: Stationary sources scrubbed from a linearly moving mic stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using all stationary sources, and a linearly moving microphone (mic 1). Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources is used to reduce the response of Mic 1 to a residue of speech. Low output QoS values.
Group 2A
Subjects in this Group listened and responded to a unique set of stimulus/treatment pairs.
Solo: Unmasked Speech Stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. No masking sources present. No BSS applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
Raw: Fully masked speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. No speech separation or extraction methods applied to multi-channel recordings. Very low output QoS values.
StatScrub: Extracted Speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
SlideSpch: Scrubbed Speech emitted from linearly moving speaker stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using linearly moving speech source and stationary masking sources and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Moderately high output QoS values.
SlideNoise: Speech Scrubbed from linearly moving and stationary noise stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using a stationary speech source, a stationary noise source, and a linearly moving noise source. A valid source hypothesis of the speech source is used to extract the speech source. High output QoS values.
SlideMic: Stationary sources scrubbed from a linearly moving mic stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using all stationary sources, and a linearly moving microphone (mic 1). Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources is used to reduce the response of Mic 1 to a residue of speech. Low output QoS values.
Group 2B
Subjects in this Group listened and responded to a unique set of stimulus/treatment pairs.
Solo: Unmasked Speech Stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. No masking sources present. No BSS applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
Raw: Fully masked speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. No speech separation or extraction methods applied to multi-channel recordings. Very low output QoS values.
StatScrub: Extracted Speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
SlideSpch: Scrubbed Speech emitted from linearly moving speaker stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using linearly moving speech source and stationary masking sources and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Moderately high output QoS values.
SlideNoise: Speech Scrubbed from linearly moving and stationary noise stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using a stationary speech source, a stationary noise source, and a linearly moving noise source. A valid source hypothesis of the speech source is used to extract the speech source. High output QoS values.
SlideMic: Stationary sources scrubbed from a linearly moving mic stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using all stationary sources, and a linearly moving microphone (mic 1). Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources is used to reduce the response of Mic 1 to a residue of speech. Low output QoS values.
Group 3A
Subjects in this Group listened and responded to a unique set of stimulus/treatment pairs.
Solo: Unmasked Speech Stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. No masking sources present. No BSS applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
Raw: Fully masked speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. No speech separation or extraction methods applied to multi-channel recordings. Very low output QoS values.
StatScrub: Extracted Speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
SlideSpch: Scrubbed Speech emitted from linearly moving speaker stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using linearly moving speech source and stationary masking sources and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Moderately high output QoS values.
SlideNoise: Speech Scrubbed from linearly moving and stationary noise stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using a stationary speech source, a stationary noise source, and a linearly moving noise source. A valid source hypothesis of the speech source is used to extract the speech source. High output QoS values.
SlideMic: Stationary sources scrubbed from a linearly moving mic stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using all stationary sources, and a linearly moving microphone (mic 1). Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources is used to reduce the response of Mic 1 to a residue of speech. Low output QoS values.
Group 3B
Subjects in this Group listened and responded to a unique set of stimulus/treatment pairs.
Solo: Unmasked Speech Stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. No masking sources present. No BSS applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
Raw: Fully masked speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. No speech separation or extraction methods applied to multi-channel recordings. Very low output QoS values.
StatScrub: Extracted Speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
SlideSpch: Scrubbed Speech emitted from linearly moving speaker stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using linearly moving speech source and stationary masking sources and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Moderately high output QoS values.
SlideNoise: Speech Scrubbed from linearly moving and stationary noise stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using a stationary speech source, a stationary noise source, and a linearly moving noise source. A valid source hypothesis of the speech source is used to extract the speech source. High output QoS values.
SlideMic: Stationary sources scrubbed from a linearly moving mic stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using all stationary sources, and a linearly moving microphone (mic 1). Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources is used to reduce the response of Mic 1 to a residue of speech. Low output QoS values.
Group 4A
Subjects in this Group listened and responded to a unique set of stimulus/treatment pairs.
Solo: Unmasked Speech Stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. No masking sources present. No BSS applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
Raw: Fully masked speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. No speech separation or extraction methods applied to multi-channel recordings. Very low output QoS values.
StatScrub: Extracted Speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
SlideSpch: Scrubbed Speech emitted from linearly moving speaker stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using linearly moving speech source and stationary masking sources and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Moderately high output QoS values.
SlideNoise: Speech Scrubbed from linearly moving and stationary noise stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using a stationary speech source, a stationary noise source, and a linearly moving noise source. A valid source hypothesis of the speech source is used to extract the speech source. High output QoS values.
SlideMic: Stationary sources scrubbed from a linearly moving mic stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using all stationary sources, and a linearly moving microphone (mic 1). Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources is used to reduce the response of Mic 1 to a residue of speech. Low output QoS values.
Group 4B
Subjects in this Group listened and responded to a unique set of stimulus/treatment pairs.
Solo: Unmasked Speech Stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. No masking sources present. No BSS applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
Raw: Fully masked speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. No speech separation or extraction methods applied to multi-channel recordings. Very low output QoS values.
StatScrub: Extracted Speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
SlideSpch: Scrubbed Speech emitted from linearly moving speaker stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using linearly moving speech source and stationary masking sources and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Moderately high output QoS values.
SlideNoise: Speech Scrubbed from linearly moving and stationary noise stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using a stationary speech source, a stationary noise source, and a linearly moving noise source. A valid source hypothesis of the speech source is used to extract the speech source. High output QoS values.
SlideMic: Stationary sources scrubbed from a linearly moving mic stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using all stationary sources, and a linearly moving microphone (mic 1). Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources is used to reduce the response of Mic 1 to a residue of speech. Low output QoS values.
Group 5A
Subjects in this Group listened and responded to a unique set of stimulus/treatment pairs.
Solo: Unmasked Speech Stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. No masking sources present. No BSS applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
Raw: Fully masked speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. No speech separation or extraction methods applied to multi-channel recordings. Very low output QoS values.
StatScrub: Extracted Speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
SlideSpch: Scrubbed Speech emitted from linearly moving speaker stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using linearly moving speech source and stationary masking sources and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Moderately high output QoS values.
SlideNoise: Speech Scrubbed from linearly moving and stationary noise stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using a stationary speech source, a stationary noise source, and a linearly moving noise source. A valid source hypothesis of the speech source is used to extract the speech source. High output QoS values.
SlideMic: Stationary sources scrubbed from a linearly moving mic stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using all stationary sources, and a linearly moving microphone (mic 1). Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources is used to reduce the response of Mic 1 to a residue of speech. Low output QoS values.
Group 5B
Subjects in this Group listened and responded to a unique set of stimulus/treatment pairs.
Solo: Unmasked Speech Stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. No masking sources present. No BSS applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
Raw: Fully masked speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. No speech separation or extraction methods applied to multi-channel recordings. Very low output QoS values.
StatScrub: Extracted Speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
SlideSpch: Scrubbed Speech emitted from linearly moving speaker stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using linearly moving speech source and stationary masking sources and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Moderately high output QoS values.
SlideNoise: Speech Scrubbed from linearly moving and stationary noise stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using a stationary speech source, a stationary noise source, and a linearly moving noise source. A valid source hypothesis of the speech source is used to extract the speech source. High output QoS values.
SlideMic: Stationary sources scrubbed from a linearly moving mic stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using all stationary sources, and a linearly moving microphone (mic 1). Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources is used to reduce the response of Mic 1 to a residue of speech. Low output QoS values.
Group 6A
Subjects in this Group listened and responded to a unique set of stimulus/treatment pairs.
Solo: Unmasked Speech Stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. No masking sources present. No BSS applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
Raw: Fully masked speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. No speech separation or extraction methods applied to multi-channel recordings. Very low output QoS values.
StatScrub: Extracted Speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
SlideSpch: Scrubbed Speech emitted from linearly moving speaker stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using linearly moving speech source and stationary masking sources and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Moderately high output QoS values.
SlideNoise: Speech Scrubbed from linearly moving and stationary noise stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using a stationary speech source, a stationary noise source, and a linearly moving noise source. A valid source hypothesis of the speech source is used to extract the speech source. High output QoS values.
SlideMic: Stationary sources scrubbed from a linearly moving mic stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using all stationary sources, and a linearly moving microphone (mic 1). Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources is used to reduce the response of Mic 1 to a residue of speech. Low output QoS values.
Group 6B
Subjects in this Group listened and responded to a unique set of stimulus/treatment pairs.
Solo: Unmasked Speech Stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. No masking sources present. No BSS applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
Raw: Fully masked speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. No speech separation or extraction methods applied to multi-channel recordings. Very low output QoS values.
StatScrub: Extracted Speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
SlideSpch: Scrubbed Speech emitted from linearly moving speaker stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using linearly moving speech source and stationary masking sources and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Moderately high output QoS values.
SlideNoise: Speech Scrubbed from linearly moving and stationary noise stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using a stationary speech source, a stationary noise source, and a linearly moving noise source. A valid source hypothesis of the speech source is used to extract the speech source. High output QoS values.
SlideMic: Stationary sources scrubbed from a linearly moving mic stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using all stationary sources, and a linearly moving microphone (mic 1). Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources is used to reduce the response of Mic 1 to a residue of speech. Low output QoS values.
Interventions
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Solo: Unmasked Speech Stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. No masking sources present. No BSS applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
Raw: Fully masked speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. No speech separation or extraction methods applied to multi-channel recordings. Very low output QoS values.
StatScrub: Extracted Speech--no motion stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using non-moving speakers and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Very high output QoS values.
SlideSpch: Scrubbed Speech emitted from linearly moving speaker stimuli
Speech stimuli recorded using linearly moving speech source and stationary masking sources and mics. All masking sources present. Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources applied to multi-channel recordings. Moderately high output QoS values.
SlideNoise: Speech Scrubbed from linearly moving and stationary noise stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using a stationary speech source, a stationary noise source, and a linearly moving noise source. A valid source hypothesis of the speech source is used to extract the speech source. High output QoS values.
SlideMic: Stationary sources scrubbed from a linearly moving mic stimuli
Mixed speech and noise sources recorded using all stationary sources, and a linearly moving microphone (mic 1). Joint ACES scrubbing of both noise sources is used to reduce the response of Mic 1 to a residue of speech. Low output QoS values.
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
18 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)
NIH
University of Cincinnati
OTHER
Speech Technology and Applied Research Corp.
INDUSTRY
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Richard S Goldhor, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Speech Technology & Applied Research Corp.
Locations
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University of Cincinnati
Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
Countries
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Other Identifiers
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CIM Phase 1
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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