Speech Entrainment Treatment for People With Aphasia

NCT ID: NCT05687994

Last Updated: 2025-09-18

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 30 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2023-01-25
• Study Completion Date: 2025-05-29

Brief Summary

The objective of this research is to experimentally delineate the direct effect of speech entrainment practice on independent speech production and identify practice conditions that enhance treatment benefits. The primary outcome measure (Correct Information Units per minute) tallies informativeness and efficiency of independent speech in treated stories.

Detailed Description

Speech entrainment refers to speaking in unison with a model speaker by imitating the model in real time. The objective of the study is to (1) experimentally establish the direct effect of speech entrainment practice on independent speech production post-treatment, and (2) identify conditions that enhance treatment benefits. These aims are addressed in a within-subject efficacy study, where 40 people with aphasia produce different stories with entrainment support. Speaking without entrainment is evaluated one day before and one day after speech entrainment practice. Different practice stories will be randomized within participants to three experimental conditions to assess the effect of treatment (trained vs. untrained), training schedule (massed vs. distributed presentation of stories), and entrainment modality (practice with auditory-only or audiovisual model). Correct information units per minute for each story will be tallied to evaluate the differences between conditions and the associations with patient characteristics. For consistency with prior research, number of different words per minute will serve as a secondary outcome. The proposed research addresses a clinical need by testing and optimizing a promising treatment technique for enhancing aphasia rehabilitation.

This proof-of-concept study is the first to evaluate the direct effect of speech entrainment practice on independent speech. Thus, the effect size for accurate power estimation is not known. The strategy for this study is to optimize experimental sensitivity by maximizing the number of observations per participants per condition within the constraints of feasibility. The results from this study will provide critical information for evaluating the effect size for a subsequent phase. Nevertheless, to estimate an optimal sample size, the investigators leveraged the data from our Pilot Study, which examines the speech entrainment effect on immediate performance rather than learning. With 13 participants, the investigators estimated 80% power to detect the effect of 0.8 (mean difference between groups divided by the pooled standard deviation) observed in our pilot study for speaking with audiovisual speech entrainment vs. independent speech (Aim 1). The calculation is based on a paired t-test with an alpha of .05 (two-tailed) and a correlation of 0.5 between groups. With 24 participants, there is 80% power to detect the observed effect of 0.6 for speaking with audiovisual speech entrainment vs. auditory-only speech entrainment (alpha is set to .05, two-tailed, correlation between groups is .57; Aim 2b). The investigators have substantially increased the sample size (N=40) with the consideration that learning effects (the focus of the present study) are expected to be smaller than performance effects (the focus of the Pilot Study).

Conditions

Aphasia, Acquired

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NON_RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: SINGLE

Study Groups

Audiovisual Speech Entrainment Practice

Audiovisual Speech Entrainment includes repeated practice of speaking synchronously with a recorded model, which provides contextual, temporal, and audiovisual cues for speaking.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Audiovisual Speech Entrainment Practice

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Speech Entrainment Practice is an aphasia rehabilitation treatment based on imitation of recorded speech in real time. Treatment includes repeated practice of speaking along with a recorded model, which provides contextual, temporal, auditory, and visual cues for speaking

Auditory Speech Entrainment Practice

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Speech Entrainment Practice is an aphasia rehabilitation treatment based on imitation of recorded speech in real time. Treatment includes repeated practice of speaking along with a recorded model, which provides contextual, temporal, and auditory cues for speaking

Auditory Speech Entrainment Practice

Auditory Speech Entrainment includes repeated practice of speaking synchronously with a recorded model, which provides contextual, temporal, and auditory cues for speaking.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Audiovisual Speech Entrainment Practice

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Speech Entrainment Practice is an aphasia rehabilitation treatment based on imitation of recorded speech in real time. Treatment includes repeated practice of speaking along with a recorded model, which provides contextual, temporal, auditory, and visual cues for speaking

Auditory Speech Entrainment Practice

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Speech Entrainment Practice is an aphasia rehabilitation treatment based on imitation of recorded speech in real time. Treatment includes repeated practice of speaking along with a recorded model, which provides contextual, temporal, and auditory cues for speaking

Interventions

Audiovisual Speech Entrainment Practice

Speech Entrainment Practice is an aphasia rehabilitation treatment based on imitation of recorded speech in real time. Treatment includes repeated practice of speaking along with a recorded model, which provides contextual, temporal, auditory, and visual cues for speaking

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Auditory Speech Entrainment Practice

Speech Entrainment Practice is an aphasia rehabilitation treatment based on imitation of recorded speech in real time. Treatment includes repeated practice of speaking along with a recorded model, which provides contextual, temporal, and auditory cues for speaking

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Between 18-80 years at the time of enrollment
• English as native language
• greater than six months post onset
• Diagnosis of aphasia based on Western Aphasia Battery - Revised (WAB-R)
• Score of 7 or less on the Fluency subsection of the WAB-R
• Demonstrate having the willingness and stamina to participate in the multiple-session protocol, either by traveling to the MRRI testing site or being tested at home

Exclusion Criteria

• History of learning disabilities
• History of other comorbid neurological impairments

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 80 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Albert Einstein Healthcare Network

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Marja-Liisa Mailend, PhD

Institute Scientist

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Marja-Liisa Mailend, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Albert Einstein Healthcare Network

Locations

Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute

Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

R21DC018893

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

2020-386

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id