Acute Effects of Moderate and Maximal Squat Loading on Ju-do-Specific Performance in Elite Judokas

NCT ID: NCT06997783

Last Updated: 2025-05-30

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Total Enrollment: 20 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2023-04-10
• Study Completion Date: 2024-06-10

Brief Summary

This study will investigate the acute effects of two squat-based post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) protocols-moderate load (80% of 6RM) and maximal load (100% of 1RM)-on judo-specific performance in elite male judokas. A total of 20 national-level male judokas will participate in a randomized, counterbalanced protocol across a 3-week period. Each participant will complete standard and experimental warm-up sessions followed by the Special Judo Fitness Test. Outcome measures will include total throws, immediate and 1-minute post-exercise heart rates, and the performance index. The study aims to determine the optimal PAPE intensity for enhancing performance while minimizing fatigue in combat sport athletes.

Detailed Description

This study will examine the acute effects of two different squat-based post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) protocols on judo-specific performance in elite male judokas. The purpose is to identify an optimal loading strategy that enhances performance without inducing excessive fatigue, which is critical for pre-competition preparation in combat sports.

A total of 20 male judokas with at least two years of competitive experience at the national level will be recruited. Participants will undergo three different warm-up conditions in a randomized, counterbalanced order over a 3-week period:

A standard warm-up (SWU) based on typical judo routines

A moderate-load PAPE warm-up (80% of 6-repetition maximum)

A maximal-load PAPE warm-up (100% of 1-repetition maximum)

Each warm-up session will last approximately 25 minutes. After each warm-up, participants will perform the Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT), which assesses anaerobic capacity, throwing ability, and recovery. Outcome measures will include the number of total throws, immediate and 1-minute post-test heart rate, and the SJFT performance index.

It is expected that the moderate-load (80%) PAPE protocol will yield the greatest improvements in judo-specific performance, offering a better balance between muscle potentiation and fatigue than the maximal-load (100%) or standard warm-up conditions. These findings will inform practical warm-up strategies for combat sport athletes aiming to enhance performance immediately before competition.

Conditions

Healthy

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: CASE_CROSSOVER
• Study Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

Standard Warm-Up (SWU):

This condition will involve a typical judo-specific warm-up protocol lasting approximately 25 minutes. It will include:

8-10 minutes of mobility and dynamic flexibility exercises focusing on major joints and muscle groups (e.g., hip circles, arm swings, and leg kicks)

warm up

Intervention Type: OTHER

1. Standard Warm-Up (SWU):

This condition will involve a typical judo-specific warm-up protocol lasting approximately 25 minutes.

2. Moderate-Load PAPE Warm-Up (80% of 6RM):

This experimental warm-up condition will consist of the same initial exercises as the SWU, followed by the addition of a moderate-load squat-based PAPE protocol.

3. Maximal-Load PAPE Warm-Up (100% of 1RM):

This condition will also begin with the same general and judo-specific exercises as the SWU, followed by a high-intensity PAPE protocol: 1-2 sets of a single repetition of back squats at 100% of the participant's 1-repetition maximum (1RM).

A moderate-load PAPE warm-up (80% of 6-repetition maximum)

This experimental warm-up condition will consist of the same initial exercises as the SWU, followed by the addition of a moderate-load squat-based PAPE protocol. The structure will include: Back squats performed at 80% of the participant's 6-repetition maximum (6RM)

3 sets of 3 repetitions, performed with maximal effort and proper form, under supervision

Rest intervals of 3-5 minutes between sets to allow partial recovery and facilitate potentiation.

warm up

Intervention Type: OTHER

1. Standard Warm-Up (SWU):

This condition will involve a typical judo-specific warm-up protocol lasting approximately 25 minutes.

2. Moderate-Load PAPE Warm-Up (80% of 6RM):

This experimental warm-up condition will consist of the same initial exercises as the SWU, followed by the addition of a moderate-load squat-based PAPE protocol.

3. Maximal-Load PAPE Warm-Up (100% of 1RM):

This condition will also begin with the same general and judo-specific exercises as the SWU, followed by a high-intensity PAPE protocol: 1-2 sets of a single repetition of back squats at 100% of the participant's 1-repetition maximum (1RM).

A maximal-load PAPE warm-up (100% of 1-repetition maximum)

This condition will also begin with the same general and judo-specific exercises as the SWU, followed by a high-intensity PAPE protocol:

Extended rest periods of 4-5 minutes between the final lift and performance testing to minimize fatigue effects The full warm-up will also be completed within a 25-minute session

warm up

Intervention Type: OTHER

1. Standard Warm-Up (SWU):

This condition will involve a typical judo-specific warm-up protocol lasting approximately 25 minutes.

2. Moderate-Load PAPE Warm-Up (80% of 6RM):

This experimental warm-up condition will consist of the same initial exercises as the SWU, followed by the addition of a moderate-load squat-based PAPE protocol.

3. Maximal-Load PAPE Warm-Up (100% of 1RM):

This condition will also begin with the same general and judo-specific exercises as the SWU, followed by a high-intensity PAPE protocol: 1-2 sets of a single repetition of back squats at 100% of the participant's 1-repetition maximum (1RM).

Interventions

warm up

1. Standard Warm-Up (SWU):

This condition will involve a typical judo-specific warm-up protocol lasting approximately 25 minutes.

2. Moderate-Load PAPE Warm-Up (80% of 6RM):

This experimental warm-up condition will consist of the same initial exercises as the SWU, followed by the addition of a moderate-load squat-based PAPE protocol.

3. Maximal-Load PAPE Warm-Up (100% of 1RM):

This condition will also begin with the same general and judo-specific exercises as the SWU, followed by a high-intensity PAPE protocol: 1-2 sets of a single repetition of back squats at 100% of the participant's 1-repetition maximum (1RM).

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Male judokas aged 18-25 years
• Minimum of 2 years of continuous judo training experience
• Active participation in national-level judo competitions
• Free from injury for at least 6 months prior to the study
• Able to perform high-intensity resistance and sport-specific exercises
• Willing to participate and provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

• Current musculoskeletal injury or medical condition affecting performance
• History of surgery within the last 6 months
• Cardiovascular, respiratory, or neurological conditions contraindicating intense physical activity
• Use of medications that affect muscle performance or recovery
• Participation in other performance-enhancement or warm-up research studies during the study period
• Inability to follow study instructions or complete testing protocols

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 25 Years
• Eligible Sex: MALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

İnönü University

UNKNOWN

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Monira Aldhahi

Associate professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Van Yuzuncu Yil University

Van, , Turkey (Türkiye)

Countries

Turkey (Türkiye)

Other Identifiers

PNU2

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id