Comparison of Different Methods to Calculate Pendelluft by Electrical Impedance Tomography in Mechanically Ventilated Patients

NCT ID: NCT06494215

Last Updated: 2024-07-10

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

15 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-06-11

Study Completion Date

2025-06-11

Brief Summary

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The Pendelluft phenomenon is an important cause of lung damage in spontaneously breathing mechanically ventilated patients since it considerably increases the stress on the lung parenchyma in the dependent areas. It can result in a local driving pressure up to three times higher than the global driving pressure. The measurement of Pendelluft is still uncertain in the literature, and although various methods have been proposed, not all have the same meaning in terms of pulmonary overstress and overstrain. This study proposes a comparative analysis of different ways to calculate and estimate the stress imposed on the lung parenchyma by Pendelluft in terms of regional volume and local driving pressure through electrical impedance tomography.

Detailed Description

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Respiratory mechanics and regional ventilation will be monitored by electrical impedance tomography (Enlight 1800 and 2100, Timpel). Esophageal and gastric pressures will be obtained by placing an esophageal/gastric balloon cathether (Nutrivent ®), validation concerning position will be done through modified Baydur maneuver (delta esophageal/delta airway pressure = 0.8-1.2). The hardware Pneumodrive will be used to inflate the balloon and store the airway, gastric and esophageal pressures.

Initially the patients will be monitored with EIT for aproximately 30 minutes after pletismography stabilization. Then, an arterial blood-gas sample shall be collected for analysis. Next, three expiratory and three inspiratory pauses of at least two seconds will be realized with intervals of eight respiratory cycles between them, allowing plateau pressure to be recorded and global and regional driving pressure to be estimated. All this data will be stored for later analysis. The same procedures and measurements shall be made sequentially with a 50% higher pressure support and with a 50% lower pressure support.

Conditions

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Asynchrony, Patient-Ventilator ARDS Respiratory Insufficiency Respiratory Effort-Related Arousal | Patient | Respiratory Measures and Ventilator Management

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NA

Intervention Model

SINGLE_GROUP

All the participants shall be exposed to the same situations (variation of pressure support and inspiratory/expiratory pauses)
Primary Study Purpose

DIAGNOSTIC

Blinding Strategy

NONE

None (Open Label)

Study Groups

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Pressure Support Variation

Patients shall be submitted to pressure support variation in a randomly assigned manner. First 30 minutes after plethysmogram stabilization shall be recorded at clinical pressure support. Next, a blood gas sample shall be collected by a nurse or a physician, and three inspiratory pauses of at least 2 seconds shall be performed in between eight respiratory cycles. Next three expiratory pauses shall be performed in between eight respiratory cycles. All data shall be recorded and analysed offline. Subsequently the same sequence of events shall be performed at a 50% higher pressure support and at a 50% lower pressure support. The sequence in which this will happen shall be randomly assigned (first lower PS vs higher PS or first higher PS vs lower PS).

Group Type OTHER

Pressure Support Variation and Calculation of Respiratory Mechanics

Intervention Type OTHER

Patients will be submitted to different levels of pressure support (PS) in a randomly assigned order. First 30 minutes shall be recorded at the clinical PS. Next, blood gas samples shall be collected. Subsequently, three inspiratory pauses of at least 2 seconds shall be performed with an interval of at least 8 respiratory cycles between them. The same shall be performed with three expiratory pauses. Next, the PS shall be varied to 50% less or 50% more than clinical PS (based on randomization) and the same procedures shall be performed after 30 minutes of data recording (blood gas sample collection, inspiratory and expiratory pauses). All data shall be analyzed offline using a software that will be able to compare three different methods to calculate Pendelluft magnitude based on the literature. After completion of the protocol, ventilatory parameters shall be returned to the original settings. If the patient becomes tachypneic during lower PS, the protocol shall be interrupted.

Interventions

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Pressure Support Variation and Calculation of Respiratory Mechanics

Patients will be submitted to different levels of pressure support (PS) in a randomly assigned order. First 30 minutes shall be recorded at the clinical PS. Next, blood gas samples shall be collected. Subsequently, three inspiratory pauses of at least 2 seconds shall be performed with an interval of at least 8 respiratory cycles between them. The same shall be performed with three expiratory pauses. Next, the PS shall be varied to 50% less or 50% more than clinical PS (based on randomization) and the same procedures shall be performed after 30 minutes of data recording (blood gas sample collection, inspiratory and expiratory pauses). All data shall be analyzed offline using a software that will be able to compare three different methods to calculate Pendelluft magnitude based on the literature. After completion of the protocol, ventilatory parameters shall be returned to the original settings. If the patient becomes tachypneic during lower PS, the protocol shall be interrupted.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Patients under invasive mechanical ventilation intubated due to respiratory failure in pressure support mode (weaning phase)

Exclusion Criteria

* Age less than 18 years; sedation or neuromuscular blockade; absence of respiratory effort; contraindications to esophageal balloon cathether positioning or electrical impedance tomography belt positioning; presence of pneumothorax or active air leaks; hemodynamic instability; absence of informed consent.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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University of Sao Paulo General Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Marcelo BP Amato

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Sao Paulo General Hospital

Locations

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Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP

São Paulo, , Brazil

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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Brazil

Central Contacts

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Marcelo BP Amato, MD PhD

Role: CONTACT

3061-7361

Emily Sofia Ceron

Role: CONTACT

+5511967259925

Facility Contacts

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Marcelo BP Amato, MD, PhD

Role: primary

3061-7361

Ana C Cardoso dos Santos, PT

Role: backup

+5511968022077

References

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Putensen C, Zech S, Wrigge H, Zinserling J, Stuber F, Von Spiegel T, Mutz N. Long-term effects of spontaneous breathing during ventilatory support in patients with acute lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 Jul 1;164(1):43-9. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.164.1.2001078.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 11435237 (View on PubMed)

Sassoon CS, Zhu E, Caiozzo VJ. Assist-control mechanical ventilation attenuates ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004 Sep 15;170(6):626-32. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200401-042OC. Epub 2004 Jun 16.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15201132 (View on PubMed)

Yoshida T, Uchiyama A, Matsuura N, Mashimo T, Fujino Y. Spontaneous breathing during lung-protective ventilation in an experimental acute lung injury model: high transpulmonary pressure associated with strong spontaneous breathing effort may worsen lung injury. Crit Care Med. 2012 May;40(5):1578-85. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3182451c40.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22430241 (View on PubMed)

Yoshida T, Fujino Y, Amato MB, Kavanagh BP. Fifty Years of Research in ARDS. Spontaneous Breathing during Mechanical Ventilation. Risks, Mechanisms, and Management. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017 Apr 15;195(8):985-992. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201604-0748CP.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27786562 (View on PubMed)

Yoshida T, Torsani V, Gomes S, De Santis RR, Beraldo MA, Costa EL, Tucci MR, Zin WA, Kavanagh BP, Amato MB. Spontaneous effort causes occult pendelluft during mechanical ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013 Dec 15;188(12):1420-7. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201303-0539OC.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24199628 (View on PubMed)

Arellano DH, Brito R, Morais CCA, Ruiz-Rudolph P, Gajardo AIJ, Guinez DV, Lazo MT, Ramirez I, Rojas VA, Cerda MA, Medel JN, Illanes V, Estuardo NR, Bruhn AR, Brochard LJ, Amato MBP, Cornejo RA. Pendelluft in hypoxemic patients resuming spontaneous breathing: proportional modes versus pressure support ventilation. Ann Intensive Care. 2023 Dec 20;13(1):131. doi: 10.1186/s13613-023-01230-w.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 38117367 (View on PubMed)

Bellani G, Grasselli G, Teggia-Droghi M, Mauri T, Coppadoro A, Brochard L, Pesenti A. Do spontaneous and mechanical breathing have similar effects on average transpulmonary and alveolar pressure? A clinical crossover study. Crit Care. 2016 Apr 28;20(1):142. doi: 10.1186/s13054-016-1290-9.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27160458 (View on PubMed)

Cornejo RA, Arellano DH, Ruiz-Rudolph P, Guinez DV, Morais CCA, Gajardo AIJ, Lazo MT, Brito RE, Cerda MA, Gonzalez SJ, Rojas VA, Diaz GA, Lopez LDM, Medel JN, Soto DI, Bruhn AR, Amato MBP, Estuardo NR. Inflammatory biomarkers and pendelluft magnitude in ards patients transitioning from controlled to partial support ventilation. Sci Rep. 2022 Nov 23;12(1):20233. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-24412-1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 36418386 (View on PubMed)

Frerichs I, Amato MB, van Kaam AH, Tingay DG, Zhao Z, Grychtol B, Bodenstein M, Gagnon H, Bohm SH, Teschner E, Stenqvist O, Mauri T, Torsani V, Camporota L, Schibler A, Wolf GK, Gommers D, Leonhardt S, Adler A; TREND study group. Chest electrical impedance tomography examination, data analysis, terminology, clinical use and recommendations: consensus statement of the TRanslational EIT developmeNt stuDy group. Thorax. 2017 Jan;72(1):83-93. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-208357. Epub 2016 Sep 5.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27596161 (View on PubMed)

Su PL, Zhao Z, Ko YF, Chen CW, Cheng KS. Spontaneous Breathing and Pendelluft in Patients with Acute Lung Injury: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med. 2022 Dec 15;11(24):7449. doi: 10.3390/jcm11247449.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 36556064 (View on PubMed)

Coppadoro A, Grassi A, Giovannoni C, Rabboni F, Eronia N, Bronco A, Foti G, Fumagalli R, Bellani G. Occurrence of pendelluft under pressure support ventilation in patients who failed a spontaneous breathing trial: an observational study. Ann Intensive Care. 2020 Apr 7;10(1):39. doi: 10.1186/s13613-020-00654-y.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 32266600 (View on PubMed)

Sang L, Zhao Z, Yun PJ, Frerichs I, Moller K, Fu F, Liu X, Zhong N, Li Y. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of pendelluft: a simple method based on electrical impedance tomography. Ann Transl Med. 2020 Oct;8(19):1216. doi: 10.21037/atm-20-4182.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33178748 (View on PubMed)

Chi Y, Zhao Z, Frerichs I, Long Y, He H. Prevalence and prognosis of respiratory pendelluft phenomenon in mechanically ventilated ICU patients with acute respiratory failure: a retrospective cohort study. Ann Intensive Care. 2022 Mar 5;12(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s13613-022-00995-w.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 35246748 (View on PubMed)

Bellani G, Grassi A, Sosio S, Gatti S, Kavanagh BP, Pesenti A, Foti G. Driving Pressure Is Associated with Outcome during Assisted Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Anesthesiology. 2019 Sep;131(3):594-604. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000002846.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 31335543 (View on PubMed)

Bellani G, Grassi A, Sosio S, Foti G. Plateau and driving pressure in the presence of spontaneous breathing. Intensive Care Med. 2019 Jan;45(1):97-98. doi: 10.1007/s00134-018-5311-9. Epub 2018 Jul 13. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30006893 (View on PubMed)

Bastia L, Amendolagine L, Pozzi F, Carenini S, Cipolla C, Curto F, Bellani G, Fumagalli R, Chieregato A. Reliability of Respiratory System Compliance Calculation During Assisted Mechanical Ventilation: A Retrospective Study. Crit Care Med. 2023 Oct 1;51(10):e201-e205. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005964. Epub 2023 Jun 16.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 37326475 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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79317924.0.0000.0068

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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