In Situ Simulation Training in Lifeguard Organisations

NCT ID: NCT06320197

Last Updated: 2025-06-04

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

768 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2018-01-01

Study Completion Date

2024-12-31

Brief Summary

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This retrospective study will analyse a dataset consisting of 919 in situ simulation assessments collected between 2018 and 2023 in a Danish nationwide surf lifeguard organisation. The primary objective is to estimate the pass/fail ratio of in situ simulation assessments. The secondary objective is to analyse risk factors associated with a failed assessment. These results may guide future efforts to improve the Danish surf lifeguard training program.

Detailed Description

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Background: Once weekly on all lifeguard-supervised beaches during the summer holiday period, a lifeguard instructor sneaks undetected into the primary surveillance zone between the flags and raises a hand to indicate a drowning scenario. This is called in situ simulation and is used to assess Danish surf lifeguards' rescue and medical skills. It is an unannounced test occurring during working hours, followed by feedback and training with the lifeguard instructors. Previous data indicate that approximately 1 in 5 lifeguards fail the in situ assessment. Analysing data from in situ simulation assessments may pinpoint areas for future improvement.

Objectives: The primary objective is to estimate the pass/fail ratio of in situ simulation assessments. The secondary objective is to analyse risk factors associated with a failed assessment. These results may guide future efforts to improve the Danish surf lifeguard training program.

Methods: This retrospective study will analyse a dataset consisting of 919 in situ simulation assessments collected between 2018 and 2023 in a Danish nationwide surf lifeguard organisation. Data on the local conditions (e.g., wave height, time of the day, and the number of beach visitors) and the in situ evaluation (pass/fail) were extracted directly from the predefined variables. Data on failure reasons were extracted through manual validation of the semi-structured free text fields by four independent observers. Any discrepancies were resolved by a senior member of the research group.

Conditions

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Drowning Drowning, Near Drowning and Nonfatal Submersion Drowning/Submersion Drowning and Submersion While in Natural Water

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

RETROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

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Passed in situ assessment

This group passed their in situ assessment (summative assessment)

In situ simulation assessment

Intervention Type OTHER

Unannounced in situ simulation assessment during working hours

Failed in situ assessment

This group failed their in situ assessment (summative assessment)

In situ simulation assessment

Intervention Type OTHER

Unannounced in situ simulation assessment during working hours

Interventions

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In situ simulation assessment

Unannounced in situ simulation assessment during working hours

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* All in situ assessments in the nationwide Danish lifeguard organisation from 2018 to 2023.

Exclusion Criteria

* Blank entries
* Dublets
Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Prehospital Center, Region Zealand

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Niklas Breindahl

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Helle C Christensen, Ass. Prof.

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Prehospital Center, Region Zealand

Locations

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Prehospital Center

Næstved, Region Sjælland, Denmark

Site Status

Countries

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Denmark

Other Identifiers

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DROWN_INSITU

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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