Effects and Mechanisms of RAS Training on Upper-limb Movements in PD Patients
NCT ID: NCT05782322
Last Updated: 2025-04-10
Study Results
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Basic Information
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NOT_YET_RECRUITING
NA
72 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2025-05-01
2026-03-31
Brief Summary
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Methods This study will recruit patients with PD and healthy controls. This study will randomly assign PD patients into two groups: the PD-RAS group and the PD-noRAS group, and healthy controls into the HC-RAS group and the HC-noRAS group. A 7-day upper-limb training involving RAS (for the PD-RAS group and the HC-RAS group) or without RAS (for the PD-noRAS group and the HC-noRAS group) will be provided. EEG and behavioral assessments will be conducted before and after the first day of training, and after the seven-day training program. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance will be performed to investigate the group and time effects on upper-limb function and neural activity.
Study significance The training program will serve as a reference for clinical practitioners who are interested in using RAS in clinical training for PD patients.
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Detailed Description
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Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
NONE
Study Groups
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PD-RAS
training involving RAS
Upper-limb training involving RAS
Three target bowls, labeled as the left, middle, and right target bowl, will be placed on the table at an equal distance from the main bowl. The distance between a target bowl and the main bowl is set at 30 cm. Wooden beads with a diameter of 2 cm will be put in target bowls. The main bowl will be placed in front of the patient.
Patients will be asked to listen to the RAS sound, use the right hand to take one bead at a time from the left target bowl to the main bowl, repeat this movement for the middle and right target bowls, and keep repeating this order. They should keep their movements consistent with the sound of the RAS, with one RAS sound corresponding to one pick-up movement.
Each daily training will consist of three rounds separated by two 5-minute breaks. Each round will consist of four consecutive sessions (for each session: 2-minute training followed by a 30-second break). The training will last for a total of 7 days.
PD-noRAS
training without the aid of RAS
Upper-limb training without the aid of RAS
Three target bowls, labeled as the left, middle, and right target bowl, will be placed on the table at an equal distance from the main bowl. The distance between a target bowl and the main bowl is set at 30 cm. Wooden beads with a diameter of 2 cm will be put in target bowls. The main bowl will be placed in front of the patient.
Patients will be asked to use the right hand to take one bead at a time from the left target bowl to the main bowl, repeat this movement for the middle and right target bowls, and keep repeating this order. They are asked to execute the task as fast as possible.
Each daily training will consist of three rounds separated by two 5-minute breaks. Each round will consist of four consecutive sessions (for each session: 2-minute training followed by a 30-second break). The training will last for a total of 7 days.
HC-RAS
training involving RAS
Upper-limb training involving RAS
Three target bowls, labeled as the left, middle, and right target bowl, will be placed on the table at an equal distance from the main bowl. The distance between a target bowl and the main bowl is set at 30 cm. Wooden beads with a diameter of 2 cm will be put in target bowls. The main bowl will be placed in front of the patient.
Patients will be asked to listen to the RAS sound, use the right hand to take one bead at a time from the left target bowl to the main bowl, repeat this movement for the middle and right target bowls, and keep repeating this order. They should keep their movements consistent with the sound of the RAS, with one RAS sound corresponding to one pick-up movement.
Each daily training will consist of three rounds separated by two 5-minute breaks. Each round will consist of four consecutive sessions (for each session: 2-minute training followed by a 30-second break). The training will last for a total of 7 days.
HC-noRAS
training without the aid of RAS
Upper-limb training without the aid of RAS
Three target bowls, labeled as the left, middle, and right target bowl, will be placed on the table at an equal distance from the main bowl. The distance between a target bowl and the main bowl is set at 30 cm. Wooden beads with a diameter of 2 cm will be put in target bowls. The main bowl will be placed in front of the patient.
Patients will be asked to use the right hand to take one bead at a time from the left target bowl to the main bowl, repeat this movement for the middle and right target bowls, and keep repeating this order. They are asked to execute the task as fast as possible.
Each daily training will consist of three rounds separated by two 5-minute breaks. Each round will consist of four consecutive sessions (for each session: 2-minute training followed by a 30-second break). The training will last for a total of 7 days.
Interventions
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Upper-limb training involving RAS
Three target bowls, labeled as the left, middle, and right target bowl, will be placed on the table at an equal distance from the main bowl. The distance between a target bowl and the main bowl is set at 30 cm. Wooden beads with a diameter of 2 cm will be put in target bowls. The main bowl will be placed in front of the patient.
Patients will be asked to listen to the RAS sound, use the right hand to take one bead at a time from the left target bowl to the main bowl, repeat this movement for the middle and right target bowls, and keep repeating this order. They should keep their movements consistent with the sound of the RAS, with one RAS sound corresponding to one pick-up movement.
Each daily training will consist of three rounds separated by two 5-minute breaks. Each round will consist of four consecutive sessions (for each session: 2-minute training followed by a 30-second break). The training will last for a total of 7 days.
Upper-limb training without the aid of RAS
Three target bowls, labeled as the left, middle, and right target bowl, will be placed on the table at an equal distance from the main bowl. The distance between a target bowl and the main bowl is set at 30 cm. Wooden beads with a diameter of 2 cm will be put in target bowls. The main bowl will be placed in front of the patient.
Patients will be asked to use the right hand to take one bead at a time from the left target bowl to the main bowl, repeat this movement for the middle and right target bowls, and keep repeating this order. They are asked to execute the task as fast as possible.
Each daily training will consist of three rounds separated by two 5-minute breaks. Each round will consist of four consecutive sessions (for each session: 2-minute training followed by a 30-second break). The training will last for a total of 7 days.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* (b) the Hoehn and Yahr stage is 2 or 3, meaning that bilateral movement problems or combination with mild postural instability;
* (c) a score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is equal to or higher than 21 to ensure that they understand experimental instructions;
* (d) a score of Edinburgh Handedness Inventory is above 60 to ensure that they are right-handed;
* (e) types and doses of medications remain unchanged in the past month right before participation.
* Age- and sex-matched healthy controls who filled the criteria (c) and (d) will be recruited from communities.
Exclusion Criteria
18 Years
85 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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FAN Wei
PhD Student
Principal Investigators
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Wei FAN (PhD student), MSc
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Central Contacts
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References
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Bengtsson SL, Ullen F, Ehrsson HH, Hashimoto T, Kito T, Naito E, Forssberg H, Sadato N. Listening to rhythms activates motor and premotor cortices. Cortex. 2009 Jan;45(1):62-71. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2008.07.002. Epub 2008 Oct 30.
Braunlich K, Seger CA, Jentink KG, Buard I, Kluger BM, Thaut MH. Rhythmic auditory cues shape neural network recruitment in Parkinson's disease during repetitive motor behavior. Eur J Neurosci. 2019 Mar;49(6):849-858. doi: 10.1111/ejn.14227. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Buard I, Dewispelaere WB, Thaut M, Kluger BM. Preliminary Neurophysiological Evidence of Altered Cortical Activity and Connectivity With Neurologic Music Therapy in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci. 2019 Feb 19;13:105. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00105. eCollection 2019.
Cahn DA, Sullivan EV, Shear PK, Pfefferbaum A, Heit G, Silverberg G. Differential contributions of cognitive and motor component processes to physical and instrumental activities of daily living in Parkinson's disease. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 1998 Oct;13(7):575-83.
Chen JL, Penhune VB, Zatorre RJ. Listening to musical rhythms recruits motor regions of the brain. Cereb Cortex. 2008 Dec;18(12):2844-54. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhn042. Epub 2008 Apr 3.
Dalrymple-Alford JC, MacAskill MR, Nakas CT, Livingston L, Graham C, Crucian GP, Melzer TR, Kirwan J, Keenan R, Wells S, Porter RJ, Watts R, Anderson TJ. The MoCA: well-suited screen for cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2010 Nov 9;75(19):1717-25. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181fc29c9.
Desrosiers J, Bravo G, Hebert R, Dutil E, Mercier L. Validation of the Box and Block Test as a measure of dexterity of elderly people: reliability, validity, and norms studies. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1994 Jul;75(7):751-5.
Dong VA, Fong KN, Chen YF, Tseng SS, Wong LM. 'Remind-to-move' treatment versus constraint-induced movement therapy for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2017 Feb;59(2):160-167. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13216. Epub 2016 Aug 9.
Fan W, Li J, Wei W, Xiao SH, Liao ZJ, Wang SM, Fong KNK. Effects of rhythmic auditory stimulation on upper-limb movements in patients with Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2022 Aug;101:27-30. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.06.020. Epub 2022 Jun 23.
Ghai S, Ghai I, Schmitz G, Effenberg AO. Effect of rhythmic auditory cueing on parkinsonian gait: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2018 Jan 11;8(1):506. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16232-5.
Koshimori Y, Thaut MH. Future perspectives on neural mechanisms underlying rhythm and music based neurorehabilitation in Parkinson's disease. Ageing Res Rev. 2018 Nov;47:133-139. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.07.001. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
Leuk JSP, Low LLN, Teo WP. An Overview of Acoustic-Based Interventions to Improve Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 Aug 14;12:243. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00243. eCollection 2020.
Thaut MH, McIntosh GC, Rice RR, Miller RA, Rathbun J, Brault JM. Rhythmic auditory stimulation in gait training for Parkinson's disease patients. Mov Disord. 1996 Mar;11(2):193-200. doi: 10.1002/mds.870110213.
Wang SM, Chan ST, Wong YL, Hsu HM, Lee CY, Check CY, Leung CK. Rhythmic auditory stimulation incorporated in training improved movements in individuals with psychotic-like experiences. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2023 Jun;273(4):995-1005. doi: 10.1007/s00406-022-01524-3. Epub 2022 Nov 24.
Other Identifiers
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HongKongPU21037721r_20230221
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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