Counterfactual Thinking and Decision-making in Parkinson's Disease

NCT ID: NCT05756543

Last Updated: 2025-08-26

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Total Enrollment: 60 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-03-30
• Study Completion Date: 2024-03-30

Brief Summary

The aim of this research is to verify the ability of counterfactual thinking about medical decisions in individuals affected by Parkinson's Disease when compared to healthy individuals.

Conditions

Parkinson Disease

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: CASE_CONTROL
• Study Time Perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL

Study Groups

Cases

Individuals diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease consecutively recruited at the beginning of rehabilitative treatment at the Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital (Italy). Concurrent neurological, neurodevelopmental (e.g., autism), motor or psychiatric disorders were exclusion criteria.

Counterfactual Inference Test

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

All participants were asked to complete the Counterfactual Inference Test - CIT (McNamara et al., 2003), a neuropsychological test that measures the ability to produce counterfactual-derived inferences. Moreover, the decision-making ability will be specifically tested through ad-hoc questionnaire (i.e., the Decision-Making Questionnaire). Finally, all participants will be screened with an extensive neuropsychological assessment, particularly on executive functioning.

Controls

Age-matched healthy individuals recruited outside the hospital through personal contacts of the researchers and word-of-mouth.

Counterfactual Inference Test

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

All participants were asked to complete the Counterfactual Inference Test - CIT (McNamara et al., 2003), a neuropsychological test that measures the ability to produce counterfactual-derived inferences. Moreover, the decision-making ability will be specifically tested through ad-hoc questionnaire (i.e., the Decision-Making Questionnaire). Finally, all participants will be screened with an extensive neuropsychological assessment, particularly on executive functioning.

Interventions

Counterfactual Inference Test

All participants were asked to complete the Counterfactual Inference Test - CIT (McNamara et al., 2003), a neuropsychological test that measures the ability to produce counterfactual-derived inferences. Moreover, the decision-making ability will be specifically tested through ad-hoc questionnaire (i.e., the Decision-Making Questionnaire). Finally, all participants will be screened with an extensive neuropsychological assessment, particularly on executive functioning.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, according to the medical assessment performed by trained neurologists.

Exclusion Criteria

• Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome, according to the clinical assessment;
• Concurrent neurological, neurodevelopmental (e.g., autism), motor, and/or psychiatric disorders;
• Dementia, according to the clinical/neuropsychological assessment.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 20 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 75 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SpA

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Istituto Auxologico Italiano

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Sofia Tagini, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano

Locations

IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano - Ospedale San Giuseppe

Piancavallo, VCO, Italy

Countries

Italy

Other Identifiers

21C129

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id