Sleep Restriction and Postprandial Lipemia

NCT ID: NCT05713370

Last Updated: 2024-01-31

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 10 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-07-01
• Study Completion Date: 2023-12-01

Brief Summary

Sleep restriction increases overnight and early morning non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) levels, which are correlated with whole-body decreases in insulin sensitivity, consistent with the observed impairment of intracellular insulin signaling. Adipose tissue biopsies from sleep restricted subjects that are insulin stimulated have reduced phosphorylation of protein kinase B (pAKT). This protein is involved in suppression of intracellular lipolysis and NEFA release.

Aerobic exercise has beneficial effects on postprandial lipemia and insulinemia in normal-weight and obese individuals. Acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (30-90 min) performed 12-18 h before an oral fat tolerance test or mixed meal test reduces postprandial triglycerides (TG) and insulin concentrations. This response is largely dependent upon the exercise-induced energy deficit as the response is abolished when the calories expended during exercise are replaced.

However, it is not known if sleep restriction will interfere with the beneficial effects of prior exercise on postprandial lipemia. The aim of this project is to investigate if sleep restriction negates the positive effect that exercise has on postprandial lipemia. It is hypothesized that sleep restriction will negate the beneficial effects of prior exercise on postprandial lipemia. Additionally sleep restriction will result in a worsening of the lipid profile compared to no exercise.

For the proposed study, the investigators will use a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) (4 study conditions (no exercise+ sleep restriction, no exercise+normal sleep, exercise+normal sleep, exercise+sleep restriction) x time will be used to analyze changes in NEFA and TG concentrations while a one way ANOVA will be used to analyze area under the curve of the NEFA and TG concentrations.

Detailed Description

In the postprandial period, adipocytes respond to the increased insulin levels by suppressing intracellular triglycerides (TG) lipolysis and by increasing extracellular lipolysis by transporting lipoprotein lipase from intracellular vesicles to the surface of the endothelium. This results in decreased free fatty acids (FFA) release into the plasma and increased absorption of lipoprotein TGs, particularly those in chylomicrons and VLDLs.

Sleep restriction increases overnight and early morning non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) levels, which are correlated with whole-body decreases in insulin sensitivity, consistent with the observed impairment of intracellular insulin signaling. Adipose tissue biopsies from sleep restricted subjects that are insulin stimulated have reduced phosphorylation of protein kinase B (pAKT). This protein is involved in suppression of intracellular lipolysis and NEFA release. Sleep restriction can also alter whole body substrate metabolism such that there is a trend for increased lipid oxidation. Additionally, research examining the effects of short-term sleep restriction on circulating lipids have had mixed results. A number of studies have found decreases in fasting TG while other studies found no change in plasma TGs with sleep restriction.

Aerobic exercise has beneficial effects on postprandial lipemia and insulinemia in normal-weight and obese individuals. Acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (30-90 min) performed 12-18 h before an oral fat tolerance test or mixed meal test reduces postprandial TG and insulin concentrations. This response is largely dependent upon the exercise-induced energy deficit as the response is abolished when the calories expended during exercise are replaced.

However, it is not known if sleep restriction will interfere with the beneficial effects of prior exercise on postprandial lipemia. The aim of this project is to investigate if sleep restriction negates the positive effect that exercise has on postprandial lipemia. It is hypothesized that sleep restriction will negate the beneficial effects of prior exercise on postprandial lipemia. Additionally sleep restriction will result in a worsening of the lipid profile compared to no exercise.

For the proposed study, the investigators will use a repeated measures ANOVA (4 study conditions (no exercise+ sleep restriction, no exercise+normal sleep, exercise+normal sleep, exercise+sleep restriction) x time will be used to analyze changes in NEFA and triglyceride (TG) concentrations while a one way ANOVA will be used to analyze area under the curve of the NEFA and TG concentrations.

Conditions

Sleep Deprivation; Obesity

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Primary Study Purpose: PREVENTION
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

no exercise, no SR

75 g of glucose will be given at the beginning of the study day (the evening prior there will be no exercise the night before the study day, normal sleep (8 h))

Group Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

high fat meal

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

A high fat meal (milkshake) will be administered on the morning after the intervention of no exercise and no SR the night before.

no exercise, SR

75 g of glucose will be given at the beginning of the study day (the evening prior there will be no exercise the night before the study day, 4 h of sleep the previous night)

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

high fat meal

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

A high fat meal (milkshake) will be administered on the morning after the intervention of no exercise and no SR the night before.

Exercise, no SR

75 g of glucose will be given at the beginning of the study day (the evening prior there will be 45 min of exercise the night before the study day, normal sleep (8 h))

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

high fat meal

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

A high fat meal (milkshake) will be administered on the morning after the intervention of no exercise and no SR the night before.

Exercise, SR

75 g of glucose will be given at the beginning of the study day (the evening prior there will be 45 min of exercise the night before the study day, 4 h of sleep the previous night)

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

high fat meal

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

A high fat meal (milkshake) will be administered on the morning after the intervention of no exercise and no SR the night before.

Interventions

high fat meal

A high fat meal (milkshake) will be administered on the morning after the intervention of no exercise and no SR the night before.

Intervention Type: DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Overweight and obese men and women
• 21-45 years of age
• BMI of 25-35 kg/m2
• Normal sleeping habits of 7-9 hours per night

Exclusion Criteria

• type 2 diabetic
• diagnosed with cardiovascular disease
• hypertensive
• smokers
• pregnant
• taking lipid-lowering medications
• sleep apnea
• fragmented sleep
• have any recent changes in hormonal birth control
• night shift workers or take regular daytime naps
• any medications known to impact metabolism, appetite, or sleep
• any allergies to milk, ice cream, peanut butter and soy.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 21 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 45 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

University of Missouri-Columbia

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Jill Kanaley

professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Jill Kanaley, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Missouri-Columbia

Locations

University of Misouri

Columbia, Missouri, United States

University of Missouri

Columbia, Missouri, United States

Countries

United States

References

Maloney A, McDonald M, Petroski G, Kanaley JA. Effect of sleep restriction, with or without prior evening exercise, on morning postprandial lipemia. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2025 Jan 1;50:1-10. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2024-0535.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 40294439 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

2090503

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id