Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.
RECRUITING
NA
20 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2022-06-30
2025-09-30
Brief Summary
Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.
Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography (CTCA) identifies the artery path and characteristics of the CTO including calcification - the latter many times is the reason for failure to cross the CTO.
The investigators aim to conduct a feasibility study to assess the effectiveness of CTCA prior to CTO PCI by randomizing suitable CTO patients to CTCA or direct CTO PCI.
20 patients will be randomized 1:1 using the sealed envelope technique and compared for:
Primary endpoint:
CTO PCI success rate in CTCA arm versus no CTCA arm
Secondary endpoints:
i. Angina by the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) at 6 months (range 0-100, lower score worse, higher scores better, based on 5 characteristics - severity, frequency, treatment satisfaction and quality of life scores).
ii. Compare the number of patients who required a second CTO PCI procedure in the CTCA arm versus no CTCA arm iii. Procedural differences between the intervention CTCA arm versus no CTCA arm including: Health Economics: Cost saved per patient due to improved success and reduction in readmission or further procedure CTO PCI efficiency: Wire crossing time, Procedure time CTO PCI safety outcomes: Procedural complications (Ellis perforation, tamponade, acute kidney injury/contrast induced nephropathy, access site bleeding, donor vessel injury), Radiation: CTCA dose, CTO PCI dose, and combined CTCA and CTO PCI dose. Contrast: CTCA volume, CTO PCI volume, and combined CTCA and CTO PCI volume Change in CTO PCI strategy hierarchy as a result of the CTCA review
Patients will have a telephonic follow up at 6 months to assess angina ( by the Seattle Angina Questionnaire)
Related Clinical Trials
Explore similar clinical trials based on study characteristics and research focus.
Evaluation of CTCA in Assessing Plaque Pathology and Physiology
NCT03556644
Perfusion Imaging and CT -Understanding Relative Efficacy
NCT00486447
Perfusion and Collaterals Imaging With C-arm CT
NCT03161691
320-slice Coronary Computed Tomography (CT) Angiography
NCT00721851
Coronary Computed Tomography (CT) Angiography Versus Standard Therapy in the Emergency Room
NCT00846469
Detailed Description
Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.
Summary of Trial design:
Randomised, prospective, single centre feasibility study of CTCA prior to CTO PCI
Site and Chief Investigator:
Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom Vinoda Sharma
Participant population Patients undergoing CTO PCI Planned sample size 20 Number of sites 1 Intervention duration Prior to index CTO PCI procedure Follow up duration 6 months Planned trial duration 1 year Primary objective: To determine if CTCA prior to CTO PCI results in improved procedural success rate? Secondary objectives: i) To determine if CTCA prior to CTO PCI results in improved angina as determined by Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ)? ii) To determine if CTCA prior to CTO PCI reduces the need for a second procedure due to improved procedural success rate? iii) Are there procedural differences between the intervention arm (CTCA) and usual care Intervention Randomised to CTCA versus no CTCA prior to CTO PCI
ABBREVIATIONS:
AUC: Area Under the Curve
CABG: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
CAD: Coronary Artery Disease
CTCA: Computed Tomography Coronary Angiogram
CTO: Chronic Total Occlusion
J-CTO: Japanese Chronic Total Occlusion NHS: National Health Service
PCI: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
QALYS: Quality Adjusted Life Years
QoL: Quality of Life
SAQ: Seattle Angina Questionnaire
UK: United Kingdom
Trial Protocol Synopsis Item Description
Title Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography (CTCA) prior to Chronic Total Occlusion (CTO) Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)
Introduction
Description of research question Null Hypothesis:
CTCA performed prior to CTO PCI will not improve procedural success
Existing knowledge:
A chronic total occlusion (CTO) is present in 15-20% of patients with angina who are referred for coronary angiography. Due to the complexity of occlusive coronary artery disease (CAD), including a high prevalence of calcium and tortuosity within long segments of disease, CTO PCI is associated with higher procedural complication rates. Inability to detect the intraluminal path in the CTO artery, combined with calcification and tortuosity can result in unsuccessful guidewire crossing and procedural failure.
Successful CTO PCI has been shown to improve Quality of Life (QoL) at 12 months. These patients are more likely to be angina free at 12 months as assessed by the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) (7, 8). CTO PCI in symptomatic patients is cost effective and results in greater quality-adjusted-life-years (QALYS).
CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedure success rates increased from 68% to 79% between 2000 and 2011, and are as high as 90% when performed by high-volume CTO operators (2, 3). Complexity of the CTO is determined by several factors and several CTO complexity scores, derived from (invasive) angiographic lesion and clinical characteristics, have been shown to correlate with procedural success and complication rates (JCTO, PROGRESS, RECHARGE, Euro-CASTLE).
The most commonly utilized score is the J-CTO (Multicenter Chronic Total Occlusion Registry of Japan) which assigns a score of 1 each to the angiographic CTO proximal cap (tapered or blunt), calcification, tortuosity (\>45degrees), lesion length (≥20mm) and previous failure, with a maximum score =5. Scores ≥2 are considered CTOs that are difficult to perform and require advanced techniques for successful revascularization.
In a proportion of these patients, the first procedure either fails completely or partially succeeds in forming a tract within the occluded artery but this is inadequate for stent delivery and the patient requires a second procedure, occasionally a third for complete success and reconstruction of the fully occluded artery.
Angiographically, the CTO artery usually shows a short proximal portion of dye filled artery prior to the occlusion. In most patients there are some collaterals from the contralateral coronary artery which try to fill part of the occluded CTO artery. However the actual body of the CTO is not visible angiographically.
Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography (CTCA) can delineate the coronary anatomy in 3-dimensions, determining atherosclerotic plaque and occlusion location, severity and morphology. This makes it an attractive modality to assess the coronary CTO. Development of a CTCA based complexity score for stratifying CTOs by difficulty resulted in the CT-RECTOR score (Computed Tomography Registry of Chronic Total Occlusion Revascularization, table 1). Variables included in this score are multiple occlusions, blunt stump, severe calcification, bending, duration of CTO ≥12 months and previously failed PCI (all scored 1). The CT-RECTOR score correlates with the J-CTO score and has a better area under ROC curve (ROC AUC 0.83 for CT-RECTOR score and 0.71 for J-CTO, p \< 0.001) and predicts CTO PCI success.
The role of routine CTCA pre-CTO PCI is as yet undefined as current practice involves the use of CTCA in patients who have had an unsuccessful CTO PCI attempt or previous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Need for a feasibility study:
Current practice at our center involves the use of CTCA in patients who have had an unsuccessful CTO PCI attempt or previous coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) but the role of routine CTCA pre-CTO PCI is as yet undefined.
The small additional investment of a CTCA could help plan/improve a complex procedure and may reduce the need for additional procedures and readmissions.
The mean acute treatment cost of a CTO PCI is approximately (combined day-case -ordinary elective spell) £6933 whereas the approximate cost of a CTCA is £360 (as per local billing). Elective readmission for a failed CTO PCI procedure would entail an additional financial (to the provider) and emotional cost (to the patient).
The cost of an additional CTO PCI procedure aside, readmission and bed charges themselves can reach £1000/day (readmission =£255/day) and bed cost=£600/day). Including the cost of a second CTO PCI procedure (combined day-case -ordinary elective spell) £6933 - the overall cost can total to £10,000. In contrast, the cost of a CTCA is £360 (as per local billing).
Financial costs are one part of the issue, but a second CTO PCI procedure can also heighten patient anxiety and discomfort which are well known in patients prior to any PCI.
A feasibility study will help establish the role of a CTCA prior to CTO PCI to positively influence strategy and/or outcomes.
Methods:
Study setting: Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Trial design: This is a randomized (1:1), prospective, single center study. Patients with suitable eligibility criteria will be included and randomized to CTCA or no CTCA prior to CTO PCI and the primary and secondary outcomes compared between the two groups
Sample size: This is a feasibility study- to ensure completion within a year, the investigators have estimated 20 patients, randomized 1:1 to each arm (10 patients per arm) as a sample size in a moderate size hospital which performs approximately 100 CTO PCIs annually.
Intervention assignment: Block randomization with sealed envelope technique.
Participant/project timeline: To complete: 1 year
Data collection, management and analysis
* eCRF (electronic Case Report Form) and online database to collect demographic, procedural and SAQ information
* SAQ at 6 months post PCI
* Blood samples pre and post PCI
* Comparison of demographics, procedural details, procedural success and complications, bloods, SAQ, and financial cost between the CTCA and non-CTCA groups
* Categorical variables will be presented as percentage and compared with the chi square or Fisher's test
* Continuous variables will be presented as median (range) and compared with student's t-test or Mann Whitney test.
* In addition, modelling will be performed by binary logistic regression analysis to predictors of CTO PCI success.
Monitoring: CTO PCI procedural adverse events will be reported as usual on the national database and this data will be collected in the eCRF.
Ethics: Ethical approval for this prospective study has been obtained All patients will be consented prior to inclusion in this study.
Blood: Routine blood tests will be performed immediately before the CTO PCI and after the procedure prior to discharge-this is standard of care.
Conditions
See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.
Study Design
Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.
RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
DIAGNOSTIC
NONE
Study Groups
Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.
CTCA prior to CTO PCI
A diagnostic CTCA will be conducted prior to CTO PCI by at a level 2 CTCA trained operator. The results will be discussed with the CTO operator prior to the CTO PCI.
CTCA
CTCA performed in intervention arm patients prior to CTO PCI
No CTCA prior to CTO PCI
Patients will be listed directly for the CTO PCI procedure without undergoing CTCA prior
No interventions assigned to this group
Interventions
Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.
CTCA
CTCA performed in intervention arm patients prior to CTO PCI
Eligibility Criteria
Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.
Inclusion Criteria
* CTO with J-CTO score≥2
* Appropriate indication for CTO PCI
* Adequate CTCA images for analysis
Exclusion Criteria
* CTO with J-CTO score\<2
* Inadequate/degraded CTCA images
* Pregnant/lactating women
* Patients with severe contrast allergy
* Patients unable to provide written informed consent
18 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.
Sandwell & West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust
OTHER
Responsible Party
Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.
Vinoda Sharma
Consultant Interventional Cardiologist
Locations
Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.
SWBH NHS Trust
Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
Countries
Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.
Facility Contacts
Find local site contact details for specific facilities participating in the trial.
References
Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.
Walsh SJ, Hanratty CG, McEntegart M, Strange JW, Rigger J, Henriksen PA, Smith EJ, Wilson SJ, Hill JM, Mehmedbegovic Z, Chevalier B, Morice MC, Spratt JC. Intravascular Healing Is Not Affected by Approaches in Contemporary CTO PCI: The CONSISTENT CTO Study. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2020 Jun 22;13(12):1448-1457. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2020.03.032.
Tajti P, Brilakis ES. Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Evidence and Controversies. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 Jan 12;7(2):e006732. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.006732. No abstract available.
Werner GS, Martin-Yuste V, Hildick-Smith D, Boudou N, Sianos G, Gelev V, Rumoroso JR, Erglis A, Christiansen EH, Escaned J, di Mario C, Hovasse T, Teruel L, Bufe A, Lauer B, Bogaerts K, Goicolea J, Spratt JC, Gershlick AH, Galassi AR, Louvard Y; EUROCTO trial investigators. A randomized multicentre trial to compare revascularization with optimal medical therapy for the treatment of chronic total coronary occlusions. Eur Heart J. 2018 Jul 7;39(26):2484-2493. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy220.
Chan PS, Jones PG, Arnold SA, Spertus JA. Development and validation of a short version of the Seattle angina questionnaire. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2014 Sep;7(5):640-7. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.114.000967. Epub 2014 Sep 2.
Spertus JA, Winder JA, Dewhurst TA, Deyo RA, Prodzinski J, McDonell M, Fihn SD. Development and evaluation of the Seattle Angina Questionnaire: a new functional status measure for coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995 Feb;25(2):333-41. doi: 10.1016/0735-1097(94)00397-9.
Gada H, Whitlow PL, Marwick TH. Establishing the cost-effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion in stable angina: a decision-analytic model. Heart. 2012 Dec;98(24):1790-7. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-302581. Epub 2012 Oct 4.
Grantham JA, Jones PG, Cannon L, Spertus JA. Quantifying the early health status benefits of successful chronic total occlusion recanalization: Results from the FlowCardia's Approach to Chronic Total Occlusion Recanalization (FACTOR) Trial. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2010 May;3(3):284-90. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.108.825760. Epub 2010 Apr 13.
Patel VG, Brayton KM, Tamayo A, Mogabgab O, Michael TT, Lo N, Alomar M, Shorrock D, Cipher D, Abdullah S, Banerjee S, Brilakis ES. Angiographic success and procedural complications in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary chronic total occlusion interventions: a weighted meta-analysis of 18,061 patients from 65 studies. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2013 Feb;6(2):128-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2012.10.011. Epub 2013 Jan 23.
Sharma V, Jadhav ST, Harcombe AA, Kelly PA, Mozid A, Bagnall A, Richardson J, Egred M, McEntegart M, Shaukat A, Oldroyd K, Vishwanathan G, Rana O, Talwar S, McPherson M, Strange JW, Hanratty CG, Walsh SJ, Spratt JC, Smith WH. Impact of proctoring on success rates for percutaneous revascularisation of coronary chronic total occlusions. Open Heart. 2015 Mar 28;2(1):e000228. doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2014-000228. eCollection 2015.
Morino Y, Abe M, Morimoto T, Kimura T, Hayashi Y, Muramatsu T, Ochiai M, Noguchi Y, Kato K, Shibata Y, Hiasa Y, Doi O, Yamashita T, Hinohara T, Tanaka H, Mitsudo K; J-CTO Registry Investigators. Predicting successful guidewire crossing through chronic total occlusion of native coronary lesions within 30 minutes: the J-CTO (Multicenter CTO Registry in Japan) score as a difficulty grading and time assessment tool. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2011 Feb;4(2):213-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2010.09.024.
Christopoulos G, Kandzari DE, Yeh RW, Jaffer FA, Karmpaliotis D, Wyman MR, Alaswad K, Lombardi W, Grantham JA, Moses J, Christakopoulos G, Tarar MNJ, Rangan BV, Lembo N, Garcia S, Cipher D, Thompson CA, Banerjee S, Brilakis ES. Development and Validation of a Novel Scoring System for Predicting Technical Success of Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: The PROGRESS CTO (Prospective Global Registry for the Study of Chronic Total Occlusion Intervention) Score. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2016 Jan 11;9(1):1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2015.09.022.
Maeremans J, Spratt JC, Knaapen P, Walsh S, Agostoni P, Wilson W, Avran A, Faurie B, Bressollette E, Kayaert P, Bagnall AJ, Smith D, McEntegart MB, Smith WHT, Kelly P, Irving J, Smith EJ, Strange JW, Dens J. Towards a contemporary, comprehensive scoring system for determining technical outcomes of hybrid percutaneous chronic total occlusion treatment: The RECHARGE score. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2018 Feb 1;91(2):192-202. doi: 10.1002/ccd.27092. Epub 2017 May 4.
Szijgyarto Z, Rampat R, Werner GS, Ho C, Reifart N, Lefevre T, Louvard Y, Avran A, Kambis M, Buettner HJ, Di Mario C, Gershlick A, Escaned J, Sianos G, Galassi A, Garbo R, Goktekin O, Meyer-Gessner M, Lauer B, Elhadad S, Bufe A, Boudou N, Sievert H, Martin-Yuste V, Thuesen L, Erglis A, Christiansen E, Spratt J, Bryniarski L, Clayton T, Hildick-Smith D. Derivation and Validation of a Chronic Total Coronary Occlusion Intervention Procedural Success Score From the 20,000-Patient EuroCTO Registry: The EuroCTO (CASTLE) Score. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2019 Feb 25;12(4):335-342. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2018.11.020. Epub 2019 Jan 30.
Opolski MP, Achenbach S, Schuhback A, Rolf A, Mollmann H, Nef H, Rixe J, Renker M, Witkowski A, Kepka C, Walther C, Schlundt C, Debski A, Jakubczyk M, Hamm CW. Coronary computed tomographic prediction rule for time-efficient guidewire crossing through chronic total occlusion: insights from the CT-RECTOR multicenter registry (Computed Tomography Registry of Chronic Total Occlusion Revascularization). JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2015 Feb;8(2):257-267. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2014.07.031.
Provided Documents
Download supplemental materials such as informed consent forms, study protocols, or participant manuals.
Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan
Document Type: Informed Consent Form
Related Links
Access external resources that provide additional context or updates about the study.
Cost of CTO and CTCA in UK, reference #16
Other Identifiers
Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.
293244
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
More Related Trials
Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.