Effects of Farinelli's Breathing Exercise in COPD Patients

NCT ID: NCT04869033

Last Updated: 2021-05-03

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

16 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2020-01-07

Study Completion Date

2020-08-27

Brief Summary

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This study was to investigate the effect of Farinelli's breathing exercise on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, aerobic capacity, impact of COPD questionnaires, cytokines, and oxidative stress in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Detailed Description

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Sixteen patients with COPD (GOLD I) with mild and moderate (GOLD II) severity aged 51 - 80 years old who visited at the outpatient examination room, Phramongkutklao Hospital divided into 2 groups; diaphragmatic breathing group (DB; n=8) and Farinelli's breathing group (FB; n=8). Participants in each group were administered to complete breathing exercise 5 times per week for 8 weeks. Physiological data and pulmonary function (FVC, FEV1, PEF, FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75%, MVV, VC, TV, IRV, ERV and IC), respiratory muscle strength (MIP and MEP), aerobic capacity (6-MWD and VO2max), impact of COPD questionnaire (mMRC and CAT), cytokine (TNF-α and IL-6), and oxidative stress (MDA) were analyzed during Pre- and Post-test.

Conditions

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COPD Patients

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Sixteen patients with COPD (GOLD I) with mild and moderate (GOLD II) severity aged 51 - 80 years old who visited at the outpatient examination room, Phramongkutklao Hospital divided into 2 groups; diaphragmatic breathing group (DB; n=8) and Farinelli's breathing group (FB; n=8). Participants in each group were administered to complete breathing exercise 5 times per week for 8 weeks. Physiological data and pulmonary function (FVC, FEV1, PEF, FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75%, MVV, VC, TV, IRV, ERV and IC), respiratory muscle strength (MIP and MEP), aerobic capacity (6-MWD and VO2max), impact of COPD questionnaire (mMRC and CAT), cytokine (TNF-α and IL-6), and oxidative stress (MDA) were analyzed during Pre- and Post-test. The dependent variables between pre-test and post-test were analyzed by a paired t-test. Independent t-test was used to compare the variables between groups. Differences were significant at p \< .05.
Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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Farinelli's breathing group

Complete Farinelli's breathing exercise 5 times per week for 8 weeks.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Farinelli's Breathing Exercise

Intervention Type OTHER

after 1 minute of normal breathing, follow this instruction; inhale 2 seconds, suspend 2 seconds, exhale 2 seconds. inhale 3 seconds, suspend 3 seconds, exhale 3 seconds. inhale 4 seconds, suspend 4 seconds, exhale 4 seconds. inhale 5 seconds, suspend 5 seconds, exhale 5 seconds. inhale 6 seconds, suspend 6 seconds, exhale 6 seconds. This cycle lasted 1 minute (60 seconds), called Farinelli's breathing (FB). When participants finished these cycle, repeated it again 4 times. 1 minute of NB + 4 minutes of FB called 1 set. The participants were asked to practice 6 sets/day, 5 days/week (Monday-Friday) for week 1-4, and increased duration to 8 sets/day, 5 days/week for week 5-8.

Diaphragmatic breathing group (control group)

Complete Diaphragmatic breathing exercise 5 times per week for 8 weeks.

Group Type OTHER

Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise

Intervention Type OTHER

after 1 minute of normal breathing, inhale 2 seconds and exhale 2 seconds with nasal airway. Continued breathing this pattern until 4 minutes, then back to normal breathing 1 minute . 1 minute of NB + 4 minute of DB called 1 set. The participants were asked to practice 6 sets/day, 5 days/week (Monday-Friday) for week 1-4, and increased duration to 8 sets/day, 5 days/week for week 5-8.

Interventions

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Farinelli's Breathing Exercise

after 1 minute of normal breathing, follow this instruction; inhale 2 seconds, suspend 2 seconds, exhale 2 seconds. inhale 3 seconds, suspend 3 seconds, exhale 3 seconds. inhale 4 seconds, suspend 4 seconds, exhale 4 seconds. inhale 5 seconds, suspend 5 seconds, exhale 5 seconds. inhale 6 seconds, suspend 6 seconds, exhale 6 seconds. This cycle lasted 1 minute (60 seconds), called Farinelli's breathing (FB). When participants finished these cycle, repeated it again 4 times. 1 minute of NB + 4 minutes of FB called 1 set. The participants were asked to practice 6 sets/day, 5 days/week (Monday-Friday) for week 1-4, and increased duration to 8 sets/day, 5 days/week for week 5-8.

Intervention Type OTHER

Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise

after 1 minute of normal breathing, inhale 2 seconds and exhale 2 seconds with nasal airway. Continued breathing this pattern until 4 minutes, then back to normal breathing 1 minute . 1 minute of NB + 4 minute of DB called 1 set. The participants were asked to practice 6 sets/day, 5 days/week (Monday-Friday) for week 1-4, and increased duration to 8 sets/day, 5 days/week for week 5-8.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Patients with COPD who treated in Phramongkutklao Hospital
* Have a history of smoking
* FEV1 predicted after bronchodilator more than 50%
* No change in medication in 4 weeks
* No history of acute exacerbation in 4 weeks
* No history of cardiac disease.

Exclusion Criteria

* Recurrent of acute exacerbation
* Cannot participate at least 80% of training program (≤ 32 sessions of 40 sessions)
* Unwilling to continue practicing.
Minimum Eligible Age

51 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

80 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Chulalongkorn University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Wannaporn Tongtako, Ph.D.

Principal investigator

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

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Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University

Bangkok, , Thailand

Site Status

Countries

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Thailand

References

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Barnes PJ. Inflammatory mechanisms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016 Jul;138(1):16-27. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.011. Epub 2016 May 27.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27373322 (View on PubMed)

Beavers KM, Brinkley TE, Nicklas BJ. Effect of exercise training on chronic inflammation. Clin Chim Acta. 2010 Jun 3;411(11-12):785-93. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2010.02.069. Epub 2010 Feb 25.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 20188719 (View on PubMed)

Cahalin LP, Braga M, Matsuo Y, Hernandez ED. Efficacy of diaphragmatic breathing in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a review of the literature. J Cardiopulm Rehabil. 2002 Jan-Feb;22(1):7-21. doi: 10.1097/00008483-200201000-00002.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 11839992 (View on PubMed)

Gosselink R. Breathing techniques in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Chron Respir Dis. 2004;1(3):163-72. doi: 10.1191/1479972304cd020rs.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 16281658 (View on PubMed)

Holland AE, Hill CJ, Jones AY, McDonald CF. Breathing exercises for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Oct 17;10(10):CD008250. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008250.pub2.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23076942 (View on PubMed)

Ksinopoulou H, Hatzoglou C, Daniil Z, Gourgoulianis K, Karetsi H. Respiratory function in vocal soloists, opera singers and wind instrument musicians. Med Lav. 2016 Dec 13;107(6):437-443.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27976662 (View on PubMed)

Leelarungrayub J, Puntumetakul R, Sriboonreung T, Pothasak Y, Klaphajone J. Preliminary study: comparative effects of lung volume therapy between slow and fast deep-breathing techniques on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, oxidative stress, cytokines, 6-minute walking distance, and quality of life in persons with COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2018 Dec 5;13:3909-3921. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S181428. eCollection 2018.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30584292 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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EX PHYSIO SPSC 2

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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