Effects of Breathing Exercises With and Without Inspiratory Muscle Training in COPD Patients

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

46 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-08-15

Study Completion Date

2024-12-15

Brief Summary

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major health issue that affects a large proportion of the population, especially those over 50 years old. It is characterized by breathlessness and reduced lung function. It has been hypothesized that practicing specific breathing exercises could potentially alleviate these symptoms and enhance lung volumes and capacities. In addition, there is a lack of clarity on the effects of inspiratory muscle training along with these breathing exercises, warranting further investigation. To determine the effects of breathing exercises with and without inspiratory muscle training on dyspnea, lung volumes and lung capacities in COPD patients. A total of 46 patients, aged over 50, will be enrolled from National Hospital and medical center, Lahore and Ittefaq Hospital, Lahore. These patients will be randomly divided into two groups A and B: the first group will be assigned to perform only diaphragmatic and pursed lip breathing exercises daily for 2 months. In contrast, the second group will also receive breather, which will involve inhaling through a mouthpiece with variable resistance and using breath-holding techniques. The trial will follow strict ethical guidelines, with all participants providing informed consent. Outcomes will be measured through pulmonary function tests and the Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale. The study will also obtain the necessary approval from the respective ethical committees of the participating institutions. The data will be analyzed in SPSS 26.0.

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Detailed Description

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Conditions

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COPD

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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BREATHING EXERCISE

The participants in group A will be engaging in structured breathing exercises, focusing on the following two techniques Diaphragmatic Breathing and Pursed Lip Breathing

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

BREATHING EXERCISE

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will be guided to adopt a deep breathing practice by emphasizing the use of the diaphragm muscle, thereby minimizing the contribution of accessory muscles during inspiration. This approach fosters the efficiency of respiratory mechanics, aiding in the mitigation of dyspnea symptoms. Participants are directed to undertake these exercises 2-3 times per day, dedicating 15-20 minutes per session, consistently over a period of 2 months. Pursed-Lip Breathing .This technique involves exhaling through semi-closed lips, creating a resistance that helps control the rate of exhalation and, thus, optimizes lung volumes and capacities. This exercise is recommended to be performed similarly to diaphragmatic breathing, 2-3 times daily for 15- 20 minutes per session for a period of 2 months

BREATHING EXERCISE REGIMEN COUPLED WITH BREATHER DEVICE

Participants will use the BREATHER device daily, performing the routine 5-7 days per week

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

BREATHING EXERCISE

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will be guided to adopt a deep breathing practice by emphasizing the use of the diaphragm muscle, thereby minimizing the contribution of accessory muscles during inspiration. This approach fosters the efficiency of respiratory mechanics, aiding in the mitigation of dyspnea symptoms. Participants are directed to undertake these exercises 2-3 times per day, dedicating 15-20 minutes per session, consistently over a period of 2 months. Pursed-Lip Breathing .This technique involves exhaling through semi-closed lips, creating a resistance that helps control the rate of exhalation and, thus, optimizes lung volumes and capacities. This exercise is recommended to be performed similarly to diaphragmatic breathing, 2-3 times daily for 15- 20 minutes per session for a period of 2 months

BREATHING EXERCISE REGIMEN COUPLED WITH BREATHER DEVICE

Intervention Type OTHER

The resistance on the BREATHER device will be adjusted to match each participant's abilities and progression. The resistance level will be challenging yet manageable, ensuring participant comfort. Each daily session will consist of 15-30 minutes with the BREATHER device and can be split into two shorter sessions if necessary. The total duration of this treatment protocol will span 2 months. The BREATHER device will be employed for both inspiratory and expiratory muscle training. Alongside the device usage, specific breathing exercises, such as diaphragmatic and pursed lip breathing, will be performed

Interventions

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BREATHING EXERCISE

Participants will be guided to adopt a deep breathing practice by emphasizing the use of the diaphragm muscle, thereby minimizing the contribution of accessory muscles during inspiration. This approach fosters the efficiency of respiratory mechanics, aiding in the mitigation of dyspnea symptoms. Participants are directed to undertake these exercises 2-3 times per day, dedicating 15-20 minutes per session, consistently over a period of 2 months. Pursed-Lip Breathing .This technique involves exhaling through semi-closed lips, creating a resistance that helps control the rate of exhalation and, thus, optimizes lung volumes and capacities. This exercise is recommended to be performed similarly to diaphragmatic breathing, 2-3 times daily for 15- 20 minutes per session for a period of 2 months

Intervention Type OTHER

BREATHING EXERCISE REGIMEN COUPLED WITH BREATHER DEVICE

The resistance on the BREATHER device will be adjusted to match each participant's abilities and progression. The resistance level will be challenging yet manageable, ensuring participant comfort. Each daily session will consist of 15-30 minutes with the BREATHER device and can be split into two shorter sessions if necessary. The total duration of this treatment protocol will span 2 months. The BREATHER device will be employed for both inspiratory and expiratory muscle training. Alongside the device usage, specific breathing exercises, such as diaphragmatic and pursed lip breathing, will be performed

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Be aged between 35 and 50 years (23).
* Be of any gender.
* Have a clinical diagnosis of COPD, severity ranging according to GOLD stages of COPD II to III stages (24).
* Have the functional ability to perform the prescribed breathing exercises and inspiratory muscle training (25).
* Demonstrate a willingness to participate in the study by providing informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

* Diagnosed musculoskeletal disorders that could potentially interfere with the e execution of the exercises.
* Recent chest injuries that might complicate the respiratory function.
* Pregnancy, given the potential for altered respiratory mechanics and concerns for f fetal safety.
* Prior history of abdominal or pelvic surgeries, as these could affect diaphragmatic movement and overall respiratory function.
* A history of malignancy, due to the potential for compromised overall health status and related complications.
* Active or latent tuberculosis, to prevent exacerbating the condition and potentially spreading the infection.

Minimum Eligible Age

35 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

50 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes