Comparative Effects of ACBT and Slow Expiration in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

NCT ID: NCT05922267

Last Updated: 2023-12-27

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 30 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2023-06-15
• Study Completion Date: 2023-12-05

Brief Summary

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by nonreversible airway obstruction. A diagnosis of COPD is determined by clinical assessment of airflow limitation and symptoms such as cough and wheeze; however, the detrimental effect of COPD symptoms on a patient's quality of life is often underestimated. Rehabilitation exercise can lessen the possibility of the progressive exacerbation of the patient's condition, exerting an active role in improving their lung function and the quality of the patients' life .Therefore, Active cycle breathing techniques (ACBT) is a cycle of techniques consisting of breathing control, lower thoracic expansion exercises and the forced expiration technique modifiable for every patient to reduce condition . The effect of ELTGOL on mucus clearance of right and left lungs, especially of peripheral lung areas, in stable patients with COPD . A couple of relaxed breaths and when you are ready go on to your huff. Repeat the huff two or three times until you have the urge to cough. Once you have cleared your chest have a few normal relaxed breaths and start the cycle over again with deep breaths and huffs.

A Randomized clinical trial, subjects with age group between 4O-70 years. In Group -A subjects (n=15) were treated with Active Cycle of Breathing Technique where Group-B subjects (n=15) received ELTGOL training . This study is to compare the effectiveness of ACBT and ELTGOL on improving the Quality Of Life and increasing Functional Capacity in subjects with COPD . Assessment will be done before and after intervention and result will be analyzed using statistical package for social sciences SPSS 20.

Conditions

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Keywords

COPD(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease),; ACBT(active cycle of breathing techniques); ELTGOL

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: SINGLE

Study Groups

Active cycle of breathing technique

Try to keep your chest

• Take a long, slow and deep breath in, through your nose if you can.
• At the end of the breath in, hold the air in your lungs for 2-3 seconds before breathing
• Breathe out gently and relaxed, like a sigh. Don't force the air out.
• Repeat 3 - 5 times.
• If the patient feels light-headed then it is important that they revert back to the breathing control phase of the cycle
• Huffing

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

ACTIVE CYCLE OF BREATHING TECHNIQUES

Intervention Type: OTHER

The participants in group A will be given ACBT with conventional chest physiotherapy .

Instruction for patient

• Try to keep your chest
• Take a long, slow and deep breath in, through your nose if you can.
• At the end of the breath in, hold the air in your lungs for 2-3 seconds before breathing
• Breathe out gently and relaxed, like a sigh. Don't force the air out.
• Repeat 3 - 5 times.
• If the patient feels light-headed then it is important that they revert back to the breathing control phase of the cycle
• Huffing

SLOW EXPIRATION WITH OPEN GLOTTIS IN LATERAL POSITION

The participants in group B will be given slow expiration with open glottis in lateral posture and conventional chest physiotherapy .In this technique, a patient adopts a lateral posture or a lateral decubitus posture. The affected lung is in the dependent position. A patient commences breathing normally, at tidal volumes. They are then instructed to perform a series of slow expirations with an open glottis. Expiration from functional residual capacity to the end of the expiratory reserve volume are encouraged to achieve maximum inflation . To assist in maintaining an open glottis, a mouthpiece may be used, to decrease the degree of airway compression A series of three ELTGOL may be performed, with each series composed of approximately 10 slow and deep expirations. In between each series of maneuvers, a rest period (around 1-2 minutes) is provided, with the patient staying in the same position. A typical treatment lasts for around 20 minutes

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

SLOW EXPIRATION WITH OPEN GLOTTIS IN LATERAL POSITION

Intervention Type: OTHER

The participants in group B will be given slow expiration with open glottis in lateral posture and conventional chest physiotherapy .In this technique, a patient adopts a lateral posture or a lateral decubitus posture. The affected lung is in the dependent position. A patient commences breathing normally, at tidal volumes. They are then instructed to perform a series of slow expirations with an open glottis. Expiration from functional residual capacity to the end of the expiratory reserve volume are encouraged to achieve maximum inflation . To assist in maintaining an open glottis, a mouthpiece may be used, to decrease the degree of airway compression A series of three ELTGOL may be performed, with each series composed of approximately 10 slow and deep expirations. In between each series of maneuvers, a rest period (around 1-2 minutes) is provided, with the patient staying in the same position. A typical treatment lasts for around 20 minutes

Interventions

ACTIVE CYCLE OF BREATHING TECHNIQUES

The participants in group A will be given ACBT with conventional chest physiotherapy .

Instruction for patient

• Try to keep your chest
• Take a long, slow and deep breath in, through your nose if you can.
• At the end of the breath in, hold the air in your lungs for 2-3 seconds before breathing
• Breathe out gently and relaxed, like a sigh. Don't force the air out.
• Repeat 3 - 5 times.
• If the patient feels light-headed then it is important that they revert back to the breathing control phase of the cycle
• Huffing

Intervention Type: OTHER

SLOW EXPIRATION WITH OPEN GLOTTIS IN LATERAL POSITION

The participants in group B will be given slow expiration with open glottis in lateral posture and conventional chest physiotherapy .In this technique, a patient adopts a lateral posture or a lateral decubitus posture. The affected lung is in the dependent position. A patient commences breathing normally, at tidal volumes. They are then instructed to perform a series of slow expirations with an open glottis. Expiration from functional residual capacity to the end of the expiratory reserve volume are encouraged to achieve maximum inflation . To assist in maintaining an open glottis, a mouthpiece may be used, to decrease the degree of airway compression A series of three ELTGOL may be performed, with each series composed of approximately 10 slow and deep expirations. In between each series of maneuvers, a rest period (around 1-2 minutes) is provided, with the patient staying in the same position. A typical treatment lasts for around 20 minutes

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Both genders (Male and Female)
• 40-70 years
• Diagnosed COPD according to GOLD classification
• Hemodynamically stable patient

Exclusion Criteria

• Patient with other disorders like cardiac and respiratory disorders
• Carcinoma
• Lung surgery
• Neurological disorders

• Minimum Eligible Age: 40 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 70 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Riphah International University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Sidra Afzal, PP-DPT

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Riphah International University

Locations

Mayo Hospital

Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistan

Countries

Pakistan

References

Papaporfyriou A, Bakakos P, Hillas G, Papaioannou AI, Loukides S. Blood eosinophils in COPD: friend or foe? Expert Rev Respir Med. 2022 Jan;16(1):35-41. doi: 10.1080/17476348.2021.2011219. Epub 2021 Dec 3.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 34821191 (View on PubMed)

Fei F, Koffman J, Zhang X, Gao W. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Symptom Cluster Composition, Associated Factors, and Methodologies: A Systematic Review. West J Nurs Res. 2022 Apr;44(4):395-415. doi: 10.1177/0193945921995773. Epub 2021 Mar 6.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 33682534 (View on PubMed)

Zisi D, Chryssanthopoulos C, Nanas S, Philippou A. The effectiveness of the active cycle of breathing technique in patients with chronic respiratory diseases: A systematic review. Heart Lung. 2022 May-Jun;53:89-98. doi: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2022.02.006. Epub 2022 Feb 27.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 35235877 (View on PubMed)

Munoz G, de Gracia J, Buxo M, Alvarez A, Vendrell M. Long-term benefits of airway clearance in bronchiectasis: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Eur Respir J. 2018 Jan 11;51(1):1701926. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01926-2017. Print 2018 Jan.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 29326318 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

REC/RCR&AHS/23/0321

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id