Effects of Pursed Lip Breathing Technique Versus Stacked Breathing Technique Among Chronic Bronchitis Patients

NCT ID: NCT06242210

Last Updated: 2024-04-19

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 34 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2024-01-05
• Study Completion Date: 2024-04-15

Brief Summary

Chronic bronchitis is a non-allergic, inflammatory disease that is developed because of inflamed bronchial walls, and, is characterized by persistent cough with sputum for 3 months for 2 consecutive years at least. It affects males more than females at the age of 40 years, with increasing incidence as the age progresses. Chronic bronchitis is associated with multiple health-related issues like; dyspnea, reduced lung volumes and capacities, poor quality of life, and physical inactivity. Its clinical manifestations are coped with using the pharmaceutical approach, surgical maneuvers, and pulmonary rehabilitation. In the context of pulmonary rehabilitation, pursed lip breathing and stacked breathing are evident to deal with symptoms of chronic bronchitis and make the individuals lead a physically active and healthy life. In this research study, patients will be enrolled with strict adherence to eligibility criteria and then allocated into two groups by using the convenience sampling technique after having their written informed consent form. The participants will either receive pursed lip breathing technique or a stacked breathing technique, which will be followed by baseline treatment at every session. Both groups will be then subjected to receive intervention that will take a duration of 40 minutes every session, 30 minutes of baseline treatment, and 10 minutes of intervention, for the period of 2 weeks with the frequency of performing the intervention thrice per day. The outcomes will be evaluated by using a modified Borg scale for dyspnea, a peak expiratory flow meter for lung volumes, a pulse oximeter for oxygenation, and EuroQol; 5D-5L for quality of life. Data will be recorded at pre-treatment, on the 1st day, and post-treatment, on the 14th day. The recorded data will be then entered and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package of Social Sciences) version 23.

Conditions

Chronic Bronchitis

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

Pursed Lip Breathing Technique

Patient will be asked to attain fowler's position by placing a pillow in front of his trunk to support a comfortable breathing pattern. Then, patient will be instructed to inhale through nose deeply until no more air can be inhaled and which will be followed by a slow expiration through pursed or rounded lip, like at the time of whistling.Patient will also be demonstrated visually for the proper breathing pattern even for once to multiple times till complete understanding before performing itself. The technique will be administered to the patient under supervision for 10 minutes, and the patient will be instructed to use this trained exercise in his daily routine as per needed.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

pursed lip

Intervention Type: OTHER

pursed lip breathing technique for group A through videos on smart phones and a brochure given to patients. Each session takes 15-20 minutes until researchers ensure that patients understand how to perform exercises and re-demonstrate them. • Each group applied it twice per day for a period of 4 weeks. Telephone follow-up was used for patients in both groups

Stacked Breathing

Patient will be asked to attain recumbent position by lying supine at a reclining angle to support a comfortable breathing pattern. Then, patient will be instructed to inhale slowly and deeply once through nose and hold it, then inhale again slowly and deeply through nose and trap the air in again over the first one, then inhale again until no more air can be inhaled and which will be held for a bit then followed by a slow and quiet expiration. Patient will also be demonstrated visually for the proper breathing pattern even for once to multiple times till complete understanding before performing itself

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Stacked Breathing

Intervention Type: OTHER

The technique will be administered to the patient under supervision for 10 minutes, and the patient will be instructed to use this trained exercise in his daily routine as per needed

Interventions

pursed lip

pursed lip breathing technique for group A through videos on smart phones and a brochure given to patients. Each session takes 15-20 minutes until researchers ensure that patients understand how to perform exercises and re-demonstrate them. • Each group applied it twice per day for a period of 4 weeks. Telephone follow-up was used for patients in both groups

Intervention Type: OTHER

Stacked Breathing

The technique will be administered to the patient under supervision for 10 minutes, and the patient will be instructed to use this trained exercise in his daily routine as per needed

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Both genders will be included.
• Patients lie in the age ranges from 40 to 60 years.
• Patients diagnosed with chronic bronchitis. for more than one year.
• Patients presents with reduction in movements of chest wall, which reduces the area of entrance for air.
• Patients who have no history of usage of corticosteroids and anabolic steroid from previous three months.
• Patients do not experience severe obstruction of airflow i.e.: value of FEV1 is at 50% of the predicted value.
• Patients have no history or persistence of COVID-19

Exclusion Criteria

• • Any recent thoracic surgeries and abdominal surgeries.

• Patients lie at the Grade IV of modified medical research council dyspnea scale.
• Patients who present with history of any respiratory disease from two preceding months.
• Patients receiving any maneuvers of pulmonary rehabilitation from previous two months.
• Patients who experience chronic respiratory failure demanding for supplemental oxygen.
• Patients have persisting cardiac and pulmonary hypertension that interferes with compliance of intervention.
• Patients who had other chronic respiratory diseases, new or current smoker, and had respiratory tract infection

• Minimum Eligible Age: 40 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 60 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Riphah International University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Madiha Younis, MSPT (CP)

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Riphah International University

Locations

Sheikh Zayed Hospital,

Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistan

Countries

Pakistan

References

Venkatesan P. GOLD COPD report: 2023 update. Lancet Respir Med. 2023 Jan;11(1):18. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(22)00494-5. Epub 2022 Nov 30. No abstract available.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 36462509 (View on PubMed)

Mayr AK, Valipour A. Modern Bronchoscopic Treatment Options for Patients with Chronic Bronchitis. J Clin Med. 2023 Feb 26;12(5):1854. doi: 10.3390/jcm12051854.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 36902641 (View on PubMed)

Satia I, Mayhew AJ, Sohel N, Kurmi O, Killian KJ, O'Connell ME, O'Byrne PM, Raina P. Language and geographical location influence the incidence of chronic cough in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. ERJ Open Res. 2022 Feb 21;8(1):00721-2021. doi: 10.1183/23120541.00721-2021. eCollection 2022 Jan.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 35198625 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

REC/RCR&AHS/23/0336

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id