Improving Patient and Family Health Using Family-Centered Outcomes and Shared Decision-Making

NCT ID: NCT04437069

Last Updated: 2024-01-24

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

215 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2020-10-01

Study Completion Date

2025-06-30

Brief Summary

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This study is a randomized clinical trial where participants (parents of a fetus or neonate diagnosed with a life-threatening congenital heart disease (CHD)) will randomly be assigned to either receiving a web-based decision aid (DA) alone, or receiving the decision aid that includes a values clarification exercise. Because of the novel use of decision aids in CHD in an acute setting, we will also compare participants receiving the DA in a randomized control trial to a prospective observational population of families faced with similar decisions without a DA (control group). We have designated the Brief Symptom Inventory Global Severity Index of Global Distress 3 months post-birth or death/termination as our primary outcome measure.

Detailed Description

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The diagnosis of a life-threatening pediatric heart condition impacts both the future of a child and the health and quality of life of the family. Parents of a child with this diagnosis are faced with the stress of comprehending extensive information about the diagnosis and treatment options, and are required to make immediate and profound choices about interventions that will have long-lasting repercussions. To provide the best care at this challenging time, it is crucial to find methods to improve parent-provider shared decision making (SDM) and to encourage the inclusion of both patient-centered and family-centered outcomes. One method commonly used to improve SDM are decision aids (DA). DAs are designed to 1) provide accurate and balanced information; 2) clarify patients' values; and 3) improve SDM skills. A Cochrane review showed that DAs contribute to effective SDM by: 1) increasing knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment options, 2) increasing patient and practitioner participation in SDM, 3) reducing uncertainty and decisional conflict, 4) improving concordance between preference and treatment received, and 5) improving patient-provider communication.

Values clarification exercises (VCE) are occasionally included in DAs to help patients clarify their values about the treatment decision. Although these exercises are often used, they are poorly tested. Previous systematic reviews have failed to identify rigorous research studies to answer questions regarding whether VCE improves patient decision making processes. This project aims to determine the impact of the DA with and without the VCE on longitudinal parent mental health, decision quality and perceptions of patient-provider communication. Specifically, we will test the impact of decision aids (DA vs. no DA, and DA with and without the VCE) on mental health outcomes (e.g., anxiety, complicated grief), decision quality (e.g., quality of the decision, parent-provider communication), and provider experience (e.g., satisfaction with interacting with patients who used the tool). In the development of the DA and VCE, we conducted focus groups and interviews in Utah, Illinois, Washington, D.C, and North Carolina with parents whose fetus/neonate had been diagnosed with complex CHD. The main goal of this study is to determine the impact of the DA with and without the VCE on longitudinal parent mental health, decision quality and provider experience.

Conditions

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Patient Decision Aids Congenital Heart Disease Congenital Heart Defect

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

FACTORIAL

Parents randomized using simple randomization into two conditions: one group receives the patient decision aid, and one group receives the patient decision aid and the values clarification exercise. There is no stratified randomization. There are 4 survey time points: 1) Baseline, 2) Post-Viewing of the Decision Aid (or Decision Aid and Values Clarification Exercise), 3) Post-Decision, and 4) Three Months Post-Decision.
Primary Study Purpose

HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Standard Care (Control)

Participants will receive standard care and will not view either the Decision Aid or the Values Clarification Exercise

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Decision Aid

Participants view the Decision Aid only

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Decision Aid

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will view a Decision Aid (delivered as an app) that provides them with information regarding congenital heart disease, as described in the literature. The DA is tailored to the specific diagnosis of the fetus/neonate, so that participants are only viewing information about their baby's specific CHD diagnosis (and not other types of CHD). This is shown using videos and diagrams to clearly explain the defect, what their treatment options are (surgical intervention, comfort care, or termination), and personal stories from other parents who have dealt with the same diagnosis before (including both positive and negative outcomes). The DA was developed according to the International Patient Decision Aid Standards (see http://ipdas.ohri.ca/) (IRS# 14-13332).

Decision Aid & Values Clarification Exercise

Participants view both the Decision Aid and the Values Clarification Exercise

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Decision Aid

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants will view a Decision Aid (delivered as an app) that provides them with information regarding congenital heart disease, as described in the literature. The DA is tailored to the specific diagnosis of the fetus/neonate, so that participants are only viewing information about their baby's specific CHD diagnosis (and not other types of CHD). This is shown using videos and diagrams to clearly explain the defect, what their treatment options are (surgical intervention, comfort care, or termination), and personal stories from other parents who have dealt with the same diagnosis before (including both positive and negative outcomes). The DA was developed according to the International Patient Decision Aid Standards (see http://ipdas.ohri.ca/) (IRS# 14-13332).

Values Clarification Exercise

Intervention Type OTHER

The Values Clarification Exercise is a process that aids patients in clarifying their values and goals to improve alignment of their preferences with their chosen treatment. It was developed according to the International Patient Decision Aid Standards. It includes ten values that were chosen based on feedback from the parent investigators and clinicians. The ten values are: 1) discomfort to the child, 2) time in the hospital, 3) risk that the child will have impairments, 4) need to provide home medical care, 5) chronic medical care/decisions, 6) financial issues, 7) life in adulthood, 8) impact on the family, 9) beliefs about doing everything medically possible, \& 10) life expectancy. Each value has a sliding scale where the user can compare 2 treatment options at a time. They are asked which described situation feels better for them and their family.

Interventions

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Decision Aid

Participants will view a Decision Aid (delivered as an app) that provides them with information regarding congenital heart disease, as described in the literature. The DA is tailored to the specific diagnosis of the fetus/neonate, so that participants are only viewing information about their baby's specific CHD diagnosis (and not other types of CHD). This is shown using videos and diagrams to clearly explain the defect, what their treatment options are (surgical intervention, comfort care, or termination), and personal stories from other parents who have dealt with the same diagnosis before (including both positive and negative outcomes). The DA was developed according to the International Patient Decision Aid Standards (see http://ipdas.ohri.ca/) (IRS# 14-13332).

Intervention Type OTHER

Values Clarification Exercise

The Values Clarification Exercise is a process that aids patients in clarifying their values and goals to improve alignment of their preferences with their chosen treatment. It was developed according to the International Patient Decision Aid Standards. It includes ten values that were chosen based on feedback from the parent investigators and clinicians. The ten values are: 1) discomfort to the child, 2) time in the hospital, 3) risk that the child will have impairments, 4) need to provide home medical care, 5) chronic medical care/decisions, 6) financial issues, 7) life in adulthood, 8) impact on the family, 9) beliefs about doing everything medically possible, \& 10) life expectancy. Each value has a sliding scale where the user can compare 2 treatment options at a time. They are asked which described situation feels better for them and their family.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Parents whose fetus/neonate was diagnosed with a life-threatening CHD that meets eligibility criteria below without restriction based on gender, race, age, or socioeconomic status.
* We will request participation from both parents but will not disqualify families if only one parent participates.
* Eligibility Criteria: Parents whose fetus/neonate was diagnosed with a life-threatening CHD that are offered the choice between intervention and comfort care (and in some cases termination). This is limited to the following diagnoses: Truncus Arteriosus, Pulmonary Atresia with Intact Ventricular Septum, Complex Single Ventricle, Complex Single Ventricle with Heterotaxy, Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS), and Ebstein's Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve.

Exclusion Criteria

* Patients with other types of CHD that are not listed above are not eligible.
* Participants must be 18 years of age or older
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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American Heart Association

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Utah

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Angie Fagerlin

Professor & Chair, Department of Population Health Sciences

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Angela Fagerlin, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Utah

Locations

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Primary Children's Hospital Fetal and Pediatric Cardiology Clinics or Cardiac or Neonatal Intensive Care Units

Salt Lake City, Utah, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Utah

Salt Lake City, Utah, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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United States

Central Contacts

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Kirstin Beck, BS

Role: CONTACT

801-213-6543

Facility Contacts

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Kirstin Tanner, BS

Role: primary

801-213-6543

Kirstin Tanner, BS

Role: primary

801-213-6543

References

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Other Identifiers

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IRB_00103194

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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