Delirium Reduction by Volatile Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery

NCT ID: NCT03729011

Last Updated: 2025-05-15

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE4

Total Enrollment

405 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2019-01-09

Study Completion Date

2024-01-11

Brief Summary

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Parallel group, prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial. The aim of our study is to test the hypothesis that volatile anesthesia would reduce the incidence of early postoperative delirium in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB as compared to TIVA.

Detailed Description

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Delirium is a common neurologic complication after cardiac surgery. Up to 52% of postoperative cardiac surgery patients have delirium. The occurrence of postoperative delirium is associated with worse outcomes, including prolonged length of stay in the ICU and hospital, increased morbidity and mortality, compromised long-term cognitive function and physical ability, and elevated medical care costs. Morbidity of postoperative cognitive dysfunction and delirium mostly common in patients with age more than 60 years.

Several factors including cerebral anoxia, embolism, excessive excitatory neurotransmitter release, systemic inflammatory response, electrolyte and metabolic disorders and hemodynamic changes have been demonstrated to contribute to postoperative neurological dysfunction and delirium.

Previous studies have shown that inhalation anaesthesia and total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) may produce different degrees of cerebral protection in these patients. Effects of this two types of anaesthesia in cardiac surgery with CPB remain controversial and much debated.

Inhalation agents depress glucose metabolism, decrease cerebral metabolic rate and oxygen consumption. They also partially uncouple the reactivity of cerebral blood flow to CO2. The changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) depend on the changes in cerebral metabolism and on direct vasodilatory effects. Cerebral autoregulation is dose-dependently altered. Volatile anaesthetics have been shown to initiate early ischemic preconditioning in neurons, but models of focal brain ischemia suggest it can take 24 h for preconditioning to develop fully.

Propofol is a well-known potentiator of GABAA receptors, it reduces cerebrovascular resistance, CBF and cerebral oxygen delivery during cardiopulmonary bypass. A neuroprotective effect of propofol has been shown to be present in many in vitro and in vivo established experimental models of mild/moderate acute cerebral ischemia.

In recent meta-analysis of 13 randomized controlled studies Chen et al compared the neuroprotective effects of inhalational anesthesia and those of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. They have shown that anesthesia with volatile agents appeared to provide better cerebral protection than TIVA. As this meta-analysis had several limitations (small sample size of included studies, high heterogenity, etc.), further studies with larger clinically relevant sample-sizes are needed to demonstrate which anesthetics are more beneficial in terms of brain protection in cardiac surgery.

Conditions

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Delirium

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Patients will be randomly allocated to receive either inhalation anaesthesia or TIVA. Permuted-block randomization will be used to allocate subjects to one of the study groups. Sequentially numbered sealed opaque envelopes will contain the treatment code, to be opened in the morning of surgery. Patients will be unaware of group assignment. All the statistical analyses will be performed by the biostatistician not involved in treatment allocation.
Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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Volatile anesthesia group

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Volatile agent

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients will receive volatile agent to provide general anaesthesia, including CPB period. Volatile agents will be administered from anesthesia induction to the end of surgery. Concentration (MAC) of volatile agent will be selected by anaesthesiologist according to clinical situation and patient features.

TIVA group

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Propofol

Intervention Type DRUG

Patients will receive propofol and no volatile agent. Propofol will be used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia.

Interventions

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Volatile agent

Patients will receive volatile agent to provide general anaesthesia, including CPB period. Volatile agents will be administered from anesthesia induction to the end of surgery. Concentration (MAC) of volatile agent will be selected by anaesthesiologist according to clinical situation and patient features.

Intervention Type DRUG

Propofol

Patients will receive propofol and no volatile agent. Propofol will be used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia.

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

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Sevoflurane Desflurane Isoflurane

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Males and females \> 65 years
* Written informed consent
* Cardiac surgery with CPB

Exclusion Criteria

* Emergency surgery
* Surgery on aorta
* Known allergy to components of anaesthesia
* Pregnancy
* Hemodynamically significant stenosis of carotid arteries
* Parkinson's disease
* Liver cirrhosis (Child B or C)
* Current enrollment into another RCT (in the last 30 days)
* Previous enrollment and randomization into the DELICATE trial
* Poor language comprehension
* Preoperative Medications: Anticholinergics (dimedrol, atropine, dramina), antidepressants, antiepileptics, antiparkinson drugs, chemotherapeutic agents
Minimum Eligible Age

65 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Meshalkin Research Institute of Pathology of Circulation

NETWORK

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Locations

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National Medical Research Center for Surgery named after A.V. Vishnevsky, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Moscow, , Russia

Site Status

M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI)

Moscow, , Russia

Site Status

Meshalkin Research Institute of Pathology of Circulation

Novosibirsk, , Russia

Site Status

Saint Petersburg State University Hospital

Saint Petersburg, , Russia

Site Status

Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Tomsk, , Russia

Site Status

Countries

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Russia

References

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Young Y, Menon DK, Tisavipat N, Matta BF, Jones JG. Propofol neuroprotection in a rat model of ischaemia reperfusion injury. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1997 May;14(3):320-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2346.1997.00130.x.

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Lingehall HC, Smulter NS, Lindahl E, Lindkvist M, Engstrom KG, Gustafson YG, Olofsson B. Preoperative Cognitive Performance and Postoperative Delirium Are Independently Associated With Future Dementia in Older People Who Have Undergone Cardiac Surgery: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. Crit Care Med. 2017 Aug;45(8):1295-1303. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000002483.

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Other Identifiers

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18

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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