Using HFNC in Bronchiolitis

NCT ID: NCT03342781

Last Updated: 2017-11-17

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

60 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2016-03-01

Study Completion Date

2017-03-01

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

The investigators compared oxygen therapy using the HFNC and diffuser mask (an effective low-flow oxygen delivery system) to treat patients with moderate-to-severe acute bronchiolitis admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU).

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Acute bronchiolitis results from inflammation of the bronchioles and is usually caused by a viral infection. It is most common in children younger than 2 years old and is one of the most frequent reasons why a child is admitted to hospital. There is no established, specific therapy for acute bronchiolitis and it is commonly treated using supplemental oxygen and by ensuring that the patient remains hydrated.

Oxygen therapy can be applied using a low- or high-flow oxygen delivery system. For example, a diffuser mask (OxyMask) is a low-flow delivery system, which is capable of delivering up to 90% of the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) with low carbon dioxide (CO2) retention. In this system, the FiO2 can be adjusted by modifying the flow velocity to deliver the quantity of oxygen that the patient requires. Oxygen is supplied to the patient in a jet that flows from a device mounted on the oxygen mask. This ensures that a high concentration of oxygen is provided at a low flow rate. Additionally, CO2 retention is minimal because the mask has a fenestrated structure. Therefore, a diffuser mask is a more effective oxygen delivery method than many other low-flow delivery systems including the nasal cannula and simple oxygen mask.

Oxygen therapy using a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a high-flow oxygen delivery system that enhances the efficiency of respiration by using high flow rates to clear dead space and provide fresh oxygen. This system supplies oxygen at a high flow rate through a loose nasal cannula. HFNC therapy provides heated and humidified oxygen to fill the dead space in the nasopharynx and produces minimal positive airway pressure. It enhances the passage of air through the airway by reducing inspiratory pressure. Previous studies have demonstrated that using a HFNC can decrease respiratory effort and improve gas exchange. In recent years, many studies have suggested that high-flow nasal oxygen therapy is more effective than low-flow systems. This is substantiated by significant decreases in the use of mechanical ventilation since HFNC therapy was introduced.

Previous reports on the effectiveness of HFNC therapy in treating acute bronchiolitis have come primarily from observational work and there are few relevant, randomized controlled studies. Additionally, previous studies have compared HFNC therapy with less effective, low-flow systems (e.g., the simple mask or nasal cannula). To the best of our knowledge, no randomized controlled trial has compared the effectiveness of the HFNC and diffuser mask in treating bronchiolitis.

In this study, the investigators compared oxygen therapy using the HFNC and diffuser mask (an effective low-flow oxygen delivery system) to treat patients with moderate-to-severe acute bronchiolitis admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU).

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Respiratory Failure Bronchiolitis

Keywords

Explore important study keywords that can help with search, categorization, and topic discovery.

bronchiolitis diffuser mask high-flow nasal oxygen pediatric intensive-care unit

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Diffuser-mask group

The patients received oxygen therapy (8-15 L/min) from an OxyMask (Southmedic, Inc., Barrie, ON, Canada) to maintain oxygen saturation (SpO2) \> 92%. Oxygen therapy was halted if SpO2 was maintained at a level greater than 92% for more than 4 h. The oxygen flow rate was then decreased to 2 L/min and the patient was monitored while breathing room air.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Diffuser oxygen mask

Intervention Type DEVICE

diffuser mask is a low-flow delivery system, which is capable of delivering up to 90% of the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) with low CO2 retention. In this system, the FiO2 can be adjusted by modifying the flow velocity to deliver the quantity of oxygen that the patient requires. Oxygen is supplied to the patient in a jet that flows from a device mounted on the oxygen mask. This ensures that a high concentration of oxygen is provided at a low flow rate.

HFNC group

The patients received oxygen therapy at a high flow rate from a Precision Flow nasal cannula (Vapotherm, Inc., Stevensville, MD, USA). We selected a 1.9 mm pediatric cannula, which can dispense 1-20 L/min of oxygen. The initial oxygen flow rate was 1 L/kg/min and the FiO2 was 100%. The initial flow rate was increased by 1 L/kg/min until the SpO2 reached 92%. The initial FiO2 was decreased once the SpO2 was greater than 92% and the oxygen flow rate was maintained. HFNC therapy was halted if SpO2 was maintained at a level greater than 92% for more than 4 h at a FiO2 value of 21%, and the patient was transferred to a ward.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

high flow nasal oxygen therapy

Intervention Type DEVICE

Oxygen therapy using a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a high-flow oxygen delivery system that enhances the efficiency of respiration by using high flow rates to clear dead space and provide fresh oxygen. This system supplies oxygen at a high flow rate through a loose nasal cannula.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

high flow nasal oxygen therapy

Oxygen therapy using a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a high-flow oxygen delivery system that enhances the efficiency of respiration by using high flow rates to clear dead space and provide fresh oxygen. This system supplies oxygen at a high flow rate through a loose nasal cannula.

Intervention Type DEVICE

Diffuser oxygen mask

diffuser mask is a low-flow delivery system, which is capable of delivering up to 90% of the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) with low CO2 retention. In this system, the FiO2 can be adjusted by modifying the flow velocity to deliver the quantity of oxygen that the patient requires. Oxygen is supplied to the patient in a jet that flows from a device mounted on the oxygen mask. This ensures that a high concentration of oxygen is provided at a low flow rate.

Intervention Type DEVICE

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Included patients were aged between 1 and 24 months and had been diagnosed with moderate or severe acute bronchiolitis. They were admitted to the ICU, requiring supplemental oxygen, because their SpO2 measurements were less than 94% while breathing room air.

Exclusion Criteria

* Any patients requiring immediate respiratory support (non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation, altered mental status, or apnea at presentation), those already admitted to the ICU due to respiratory failure, those with underlying chronic lung disease or cardiovascular disorders, those with obstructions of the upper respiratory tract, and those with cranial malformations were excluded.
Minimum Eligible Age

1 Month

Maximum Eligible Age

24 Months

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

Kayseri Training and Research Hospital

OTHER_GOV

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Ayse Betul Ergul

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Tapiainen T, Aittoniemi J, Immonen J, Jylkka H, Meinander T, Nuolivirta K, Peltola V, Salo E, Seuri R, Walle SM, Korppi M. Finnish guidelines for the treatment of laryngitis, wheezing bronchitis and bronchiolitis in children. Acta Paediatr. 2016 Jan;105(1):44-9. doi: 10.1111/apa.13162. Epub 2015 Nov 6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26295564 (View on PubMed)

Kose S, Sehriyaroglu A, Esen F, Ozdemir A, Kardas Z, Altug U, Karakus E, Ozcan A, Kisaarslan AF, Elmali F, Torun YA, Kose M. Comparing the Efficacy of 7%, 3% and 0.9% Saline in Moderate to Severe Bronchiolitis in Infants. Balkan Med J. 2016 Mar;33(2):193-7. doi: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2016.16840. Epub 2016 Mar 1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27403389 (View on PubMed)

Paul JE, Hangan H, Hajgato J. The OxyMask() development and performance in healthy volunteers. Med Devices (Auckl). 2009;2:9-17. Epub 2008 Dec 11.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22915909 (View on PubMed)

Beecroft JM, Hanly PJ. Comparison of the OxyMask and Venturi mask in the delivery of supplemental oxygen: pilot study in oxygen-dependent patients. Can Respir J. 2006 Jul-Aug;13(5):247-52. doi: 10.1155/2006/720320.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 16896425 (View on PubMed)

Ling E, McDonald L, Dinesen TR, DuVall D. The OxyArm - a new minimal contact oxygen delivery system for mouth or nose breathing. Can J Anaesth. 2002 Mar;49(3):297-301. doi: 10.1007/BF03020531.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 11861350 (View on PubMed)

Bressan S, Balzani M, Krauss B, Pettenazzo A, Zanconato S, Baraldi E. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen for bronchiolitis in a pediatric ward: a pilot study. Eur J Pediatr. 2013 Dec;172(12):1649-56. doi: 10.1007/s00431-013-2094-4. Epub 2013 Jul 31.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23900520 (View on PubMed)

Pham TM, O'Malley L, Mayfield S, Martin S, Schibler A. The effect of high flow nasal cannula therapy on the work of breathing in infants with bronchiolitis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015 Jul;50(7):713-20. doi: 10.1002/ppul.23060. Epub 2014 May 21.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24846750 (View on PubMed)

Hough JL, Pham TM, Schibler A. Physiologic effect of high-flow nasal cannula in infants with bronchiolitis. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2014 Jun;15(5):e214-9. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000000112.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24705569 (View on PubMed)

Keenan SP, Sinuff T, Cook DJ, Hill NS. Does noninvasive positive pressure ventilation improve outcome in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure? A systematic review. Crit Care Med. 2004 Dec;32(12):2516-23. doi: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000148011.51681.e2.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15599160 (View on PubMed)

ten Brink F, Duke T, Evans J. High-flow nasal prong oxygen therapy or nasopharyngeal continuous positive airway pressure for children with moderate-to-severe respiratory distress?*. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2013 Sep;14(7):e326-31. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0b013e31828a894d.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23842586 (View on PubMed)

Ralston SL, Lieberthal AS, Meissner HC, Alverson BK, Baley JE, Gadomski AM, Johnson DW, Light MJ, Maraqa NF, Mendonca EA, Phelan KJ, Zorc JJ, Stanko-Lopp D, Brown MA, Nathanson I, Rosenblum E, Sayles S 3rd, Hernandez-Cancio S; American Academy of Pediatrics. Clinical practice guideline: the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2014 Nov;134(5):e1474-502. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-2742.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25349312 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

2016/504

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id