The Regulation of Human Skeletal Muscle Mass by Contractile Perturbation

NCT ID: NCT03046095

Last Updated: 2019-06-18

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 14 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2017-05-01
• Study Completion Date: 2018-09-01

Brief Summary

It is well known that periods of weight training lead to increases in skeletal muscle size and strength. In contrast, periods of inactivity such as bed rest or immobilization result in losses of skeletal muscle size and strength. However, individuals experience variable magnitudes of muscle size change in response to changes in mechanical tension, such that certain individuals experience large changes in muscle mass whereas others do not. What is not currently known, and will be the primary goal of the present investigation, is to determine whether individuals who gain the most muscle mass with exercise training also lose the most muscle when they are immobilized. The investigators hypothesize that individuals who gain the most muscle with training will also lose the most with immobilization.

Detailed Description

Resistance exercise, paired with protein ingestion, leads to the accretion of muscle proteins that over time results in the augmentation of muscle size and muscle strength. By virtue of its ability to stimulate increases in muscle size and strength, resistance exercise is an effective method that can be used by healthcare practitioners to promote the recovery of lost muscle mass resulting from a period of immobilization (resulting from broken bones, elective surgery, etc.). However, while exercise in general is an effective therapeutic strategy to combat muscle loss and frailty, the extent to which individuals respond to resistance exercise is highly variable. Some individuals exhibit large changes in muscle size (high responders) whereas other exhibit little to no change (low responders). Thus, where as one resistance exercise program might be an appropriate treatment for one individual following disuse, another individual might require a greater stimulus and/or pharmaceutical assistance in order to fully recover. What is currently unknown is whether individuals who experience the most profound increases in skeletal muscle mass following resistance exercise also lose the most muscle upon limb immobilization. Answering this gap in our knowledge will be the primary goal of this study. The procurement of this knowledge will hopefully permit the development of individualized exercise programs that can be used to influence the recovery of skeletal muscle that is lost with inactivity and immobilization.

Conditions

Muscle Atrophy; Disuse Atrophy (Muscle) of Lower Leg

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: BASIC_SCIENCE
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Unilateral Resistance Exercise

One of the participant's legs will be randomized to a unilateral resistance training arm for 10 weeks in duration. The leg chosen to be trained will undergo resistance exercise three days per week (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) for the entirety of the study.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Unilateral Resistance Exercise

Intervention Type: OTHER

Unilateral Resistance exercise will include training three days per week and each session will include 3 sets of leg extension and 3 sets of leg press. In each set, the participant will complete a maximum of 12 repetitions.

Immobilization

One of the participant's legs will be chosen to be immobilized during the last two weeks of the study. Therefore, one leg will be resistance exercising from week 0-10 whereas the other leg will be immobilized during weeks 8-10.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Immobilization

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

During the last two weeks of the study (week 8-10), a Don Joy adjustable knee brace will be applied to the participant's leg randomized to immobilization. The brace will be applied at a 40 degree angle relative to complete extension.

Interventions

Unilateral Resistance Exercise

Unilateral Resistance exercise will include training three days per week and each session will include 3 sets of leg extension and 3 sets of leg press. In each set, the participant will complete a maximum of 12 repetitions.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Immobilization

During the last two weeks of the study (week 8-10), a Don Joy adjustable knee brace will be applied to the participant's leg randomized to immobilization. The brace will be applied at a 40 degree angle relative to complete extension.

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Other Intervention Names

Resistance training; Knee Bracing

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Healthy
• Non-Smoker
• Do not heavily consume alcohol

Exclusion Criteria

• Female
• Younger than 18, or older than 30 years
• use of anti-inflammatory or analgesic medication
• history of neuromuscular disorders
• family history of deep vein thrombosis
• regularly take part in structured physical exercise (greater than 2 days per week)
• take any medications known to influence protein metabolism

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 30 Years
• Eligible Sex: MALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

McMaster University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Stuart Phillips

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Stuart M Phillips, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

McMaster University

Locations

Exercise Metabolism Research Laboratory, McMaster Univeristy

Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Countries

Canada

Other Identifiers

02051986

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id