Gemcitabine Plus Erlotinib in RASH-positive Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

UNKNOWN

Clinical Phase

PHASE2

Total Enrollment

150 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2012-07-31

Study Completion Date

2017-12-31

Brief Summary

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In the current study it is examined whether patients with good risk factors (age \<75 years, total serum bilirubin \< 1,5xULN, no history of cardiovascular diseases) treated with gemcitabine and erlotinib who developed skin rash of any grade during the first 4 weeks of treatment have a comparable outcome as patients who receive FOLFIRINOX.

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Detailed Description

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The study by Burris et al. 1997 revealed a superiority of gemcitabine vs. 5-FU in terms of improvement of general condition, pain symptoms and overall survival in patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer. Subsequently, gemcitabine was established as a standard treatment for locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer.

In a series of studies gemcitabine was combined with other chemotherapeutic agents or targeted therapies. For the first time, the PA.03 study showed a significant improvement of overall survival. Patients who were treated with gemcitabine plus erlotinib had a survival of 6.24 months, compared with 5.91 months for those treated with gemcitabine plus placebo (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.69-0.99, p=0.038). The one-year-survival rate was 23% for gemcitabine plus erlotinib vs. 17% for gemcitabine plus placebo.

In a subgroup analysis of the PA.03 study, patients developing a skin rash NCI CTC ≥ grade 2 had an advanced survival (one-year-survival rate 43%) vs. those with grade 1 or 0 (one-year-survival rate 16% and 9%, respectively). Later studies confirmed the correlation between skin rash and survival.

While patients developing a skin rash of any grade seem to profit most from treatment with erlotinib, the prognosis for those without rash is rather dismal. In this population, survival varied between 3.3 and 4.8 months in clinical trials (Verslype et al. 2009, Boeck et al. 2010, Manzano et al. 2010). In this patients, a modification of the treatment strategy should be considered. Which kind of treatment might lead to optimal results in these patients is not yet clear.

In patients with excellent general condition complying with further prerequisits (age \<75 years, total serum bilirubin \< 1,5xULN, no history of cardiovascular diseases) the French Prodige study-group could show a statistical superiority for the gemcitabine-free FOLFIRINOX-scheme in terms of overall survival, progression free survival and response rate compared to gemcitabine alone. However, this superiority was gained at the expense of treatment tolerability. During treatment with FOLFIRINOX a grade 3-4 neutropenia was observed in 5.4% and a grade 3-4 diarrhea in 12.7% of patients (Conroy et al. 2011). For patients who comply with the above-named criteria FOLFIRINOX is considered an established standard of care.

If a comparable efficacy of gemcitabine plus erlotinib with the published FOLFIRINOX data can be seen in the selected population, this would favour, due to the worse tolerability of FOLFIRINOX, the use of gemcitabine plus erlotinib.

In summary, the following selections are conducted during the study:

1. Selection due to the inclusion criteria for treatment with FOLFIRINOX provided by Conroy et al.
2. Selection due to the development of a skin rash within four weeks of treatment
3. No signs of clinical tumour progression within the run-in phase within the first four weeks of treatment

Patients who do not develope a skin rash of any grade should be treated with FOLFIRINOX. The efficacy of FOLFIRINOX in rash-negative patients has not yet been investigated.

Conditions

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Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NON_RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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RASH positive

Run-In-Phase during 4 weeks:

Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m², weekly Erlotinib 100 mg, weekly

Thereafter Treatment in patients with RASH-positve outcome after 4 weeks.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Gemcitabine

Intervention Type DRUG

1000 mg/m² iv weekly

Erlotinib

Intervention Type DRUG

100mg, once per day

RASH-negative

Run-In-Phase during 4 weeks:

Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m², weekly Erlotinib 100 mg, weekly

RASH-negative patients quit treatment with Gemcitabine + Erlotinib and continue treatment with FOLFIRINOX:

Oxaliplatin 85mg/m2 Irinotecan 180 mg/m2 Folinic acid 400 mg/m2 5-FU 400 mg/m2 bolus iv 5-FU 2400 mg/m2 46-hours continous infusion

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Oxaliplatin

Intervention Type DRUG

85mg/m², q2weeks

Folinic Acid

Intervention Type DRUG

400 mg/m², q2weeks

Irinotecan

Intervention Type DRUG

180 mg/m², q2weeks

5-FU

Intervention Type DRUG

400 mg/m² Day 1; 2400 mg/m² 46 hour invusion, q2weeks

Interventions

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Gemcitabine

1000 mg/m² iv weekly

Intervention Type DRUG

Erlotinib

100mg, once per day

Intervention Type DRUG

Oxaliplatin

85mg/m², q2weeks

Intervention Type DRUG

Folinic Acid

400 mg/m², q2weeks

Intervention Type DRUG

Irinotecan

180 mg/m², q2weeks

Intervention Type DRUG

5-FU

400 mg/m² Day 1; 2400 mg/m² 46 hour invusion, q2weeks

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

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Gemzar Tarceva Eloxatin Leucovorin Campto 5-Flourouracil

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Histologically (not cytologically) confirmed metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (stage IV according to UICC, each T, each N, M1 according to TNM)
* At least one measurable index lesion (CT or MRI) according to RECIST criteria (V 1.1)
* ECOG PS 0 and 1
* Age 18-75 years
* Serum bilirubin ≤1,5x ULN (a placed biliary tract stent without concurrent cholangitis is not considered a contraindication)
* Availability of tumour samples (no cytologic samples)
* Written informed consent by the patient for collecting blood- and tumour-samples for translational research according to study protocol
* Live expectancy of at least three months
* Written informed consent
* Negative pregnancy test in women with childbearing potential (to be performed within 7 days prior to treatment start)
* Adequate kidney-, liver- and bone-marrow function: neutrophils \>= 1500/µl, platelets \>= 100.000/µ, and hemoglobin \>= 8g/dl, liver transaminases\<= 2,5x ULN, in case of liver metastases \<= 5x ULN, serum creatinine \<= 1,25x ULN, creatinine clearance ≥ 30 ml/min
* Legal capacity of the patient
* Option for constant long-term follow-up

Exclusion Criteria

* Resectable pancreatic carcinoma
* Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (non-resectable tumour without distant metastasis)
* Previous palliative chemotherapy for metastatic or locally advanced, non-resectable pancreatic cancer
* Previous palliative radiation or chemoradiation for locally advanced, non-resectable pancreatic cancer
* Radiation therapy within four weeks prior to study enrolment or radiation of indicator lesions
* Adjuvant Chemotherapy or Radiochemotherapy for pancreatic cancer ≤ 6 months prior to study ernrolment
* All previously occurred metastatic cancers or cured neoplasias diagnosed within the last 5 years before study enrolment
* Major surgery within 2 weeks before study start
* Chronic diarrhea
* Known glucuronidation-deficiency (Gilbert´s syndrome)
* Acute or subacute ileus or chronic inflammatory bowel disease
* Preexisting polyneuropathy \> Grade I according to NCI-CTCAE v.4.0
* Relevant comorbidities which might impair patient eligibility or safety for study participation like active infections, hepatic, renal or metabolic diseases
* Clinically significant cardiovascular diseases within 12 months prior to study start (e.g. unstable angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, heart failure ≥ NYHA II, cardiac arrhythmias requiring treatment)

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

75 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No