Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Water and Air Colonoscopy in a Community Based Setting

NCT ID: NCT01729416

Last Updated: 2017-05-31

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

178 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2014-02-28

Study Completion Date

2015-04-30

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

The purpose of this study is to determine if screening colonoscopy performed on adults with the water exchange method, as opposed to the air method, will have a higher adenoma detection rate.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Screening colonoscopy with removal of pre-cancerous adenomas was recently shown to result in a 53% reduction in mortality from colon cancer. While this clearly validates the practice of screening colonoscopy, missed adenomas, especially in the proximal colon, defined as including cecum, ascending colon, and transverse colon, remains a concern. This was demonstrated in a study of 183 patients who underwent back-to-back colonoscopies. In this population the overall miss rate for adenomas was 24% with proximal adenomas missed more often (27%) than left colon adenomas (21%). Another study looked at 4192 patients in the SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) Medicare database who developed "interval cancers", that is colon cancer in a patient who had a colonoscopy done in the previous 6-36 months. These interval cancers were predominantly in the proximal colon (Proximal 68%, Distal 19.5%, rectum 10.4%, and unspecified 2.1%). This also suggests that pre-cancerous lesions are being missed in the proximal colon. As such a method that can increase proximal adenoma detection rate would be a welcome change.

One such emerging technique which shows promise for improving adenoma detection rate is water colonoscopy. In one of the early studies employing the water method a trend towards a higher ADR in the water method group was recognized (37% vs. 26%). The observation prompted a retrospective analysis of 1178 cases of screening and surveillance colonoscopy performed by a single endoscopist at the Sacramento VAMC, which showed an overall ADR (presence of at least one adenoma) of 27% with air colonoscopy whereas that for the water method colonoscopy was 35% (p=0.007). In a subsequent combined analysis of two prospective RCT of air vs. water colonoscopy for screening and surveillance using scheduled unsedated colonoscopy \[5\] and on-demand sedation \[6\], more patients were found to have at least one diminutive adenoma in the proximal colon in the water method group than in the air group (28% vs. 14%, respectively, p=0.0298). Another quasi randomized study of screening patients performed at Phoenix VAMC using high definition equipment confirmed a significantly higher overall ADR with the water method (n=177) compared with the air method (n=191) (57% vs. 46%) (p=0.03). The odds of detecting an adenoma was 81% higher with the water method (OR 1.81; 95% CI: 1.12-2.90) and independent of age, body mass index (BMI), current smoking and alcohol use, withdrawal time \& quality of bowel preparation. In the proximal colon ADR was significantly higher in patients examined with the water method than with air method (46% vs. 35%) (p=0.03), particularly for adenomas \<10 mm in size (38% vs. 25%) (p=007). These encouraging preliminary data reflect the potential benefits of water method colonoscopy.

Our current research question is whether this benefit is seen in a community based population as opposed to the VA population which is mostly male and Caucasian.

The investigators plan to perform a prospective, randomized controlled trial comparing proximal adenoma detection rate between a water exchange colonoscopy group and an air colonoscopy group. The investigators intend to employ scheduled sedation, instead of on-demand sedation, to continue the current protocol in place at our institution.

Patients in both the study arms will undergo a split bowel preparation before colonoscopy.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Tubular Adenoma Colon Cancer Hyperplastic Polyp

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

DIAGNOSTIC

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Water Exchange Colonoscopy

The intervention will be water exchange colonoscopy in patients who are randomized to have screening colonoscopy with water exchange colonoscopy.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Water Exchange Colonoscopy

Intervention Type OTHER

We will turn off the air pump. The colonoscope will be inserted into the rectum and gently advanced. We will suction air pockets as scope is advanced towards the cecum. Water will be infused when encountering closed up lumen. All the infused water will be suctioned out. We will use all other techniques used with conventional air method as needed. For example abdominal pressure, shortening of scope to reduce looping, change of patient position etc.

We will turn on air pump once cecum reached, or if unsuccessful with water method to open up a close lumen or to go past a tight turn.

On withdrawal we will continue air insufflation as needed, and closely examine for polyps and remove all visualized polyps. If there is any residual fluid, it will be suctioned out as the scope is withdrawn.

Air colonoscopy

The intervention will be colonoscopy using the traditional air method in patients who are randomized to have screening colonoscopy with air colonoscopy.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Air Colonoscopy

Intervention Type OTHER

Air will be infused into the colon during colonoscopy.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Water Exchange Colonoscopy

We will turn off the air pump. The colonoscope will be inserted into the rectum and gently advanced. We will suction air pockets as scope is advanced towards the cecum. Water will be infused when encountering closed up lumen. All the infused water will be suctioned out. We will use all other techniques used with conventional air method as needed. For example abdominal pressure, shortening of scope to reduce looping, change of patient position etc.

We will turn on air pump once cecum reached, or if unsuccessful with water method to open up a close lumen or to go past a tight turn.

On withdrawal we will continue air insufflation as needed, and closely examine for polyps and remove all visualized polyps. If there is any residual fluid, it will be suctioned out as the scope is withdrawn.

Intervention Type OTHER

Air Colonoscopy

Air will be infused into the colon during colonoscopy.

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Age ≥50 years
* Individuals able to provide informed consent
* Individuals presenting for average-risk colorectal cancer screening by colonoscopy
* Individuals presenting for surveillance of adenomatous/sessile serrated colon polyps as per the US multi-society taskforce on colorectal cancer

Exclusion Criteria

* Patients who decline to participate
* Prior partial or complete colectomy
* Patients with history of inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease)
* Patients with prior history of colorectal cancer
* Patients with history of screening colonoscopy within the past 10 years
* Patients with history of familial polyposis syndromes (Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, Lynch Syndrome)
Minimum Eligible Age

50 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

University of California, Davis

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Sooraj Tejaswi, M.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of California, Davis

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Elk Grove PCN, University of California, Davis

Elk Grove, California, United States

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

United States

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Zauber AG, Winawer SJ, O'Brien MJ, Lansdorp-Vogelaar I, van Ballegooijen M, Hankey BF, Shi W, Bond JH, Schapiro M, Panish JF, Stewart ET, Waye JD. Colonoscopic polypectomy and long-term prevention of colorectal-cancer deaths. N Engl J Med. 2012 Feb 23;366(8):687-96. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1100370.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22356322 (View on PubMed)

Rex DK, Cutler CS, Lemmel GT, Rahmani EY, Clark DW, Helper DJ, Lehman GA, Mark DG. Colonoscopic miss rates of adenomas determined by back-to-back colonoscopies. Gastroenterology. 1997 Jan;112(1):24-8. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5085(97)70214-2.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 8978338 (View on PubMed)

Leung FW, Aharonian HS, Leung JW, Guth PH, Jackson G. Impact of a novel water method on scheduled unsedated colonoscopy in U.S. veterans. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009 Mar;69(3 Pt 1):546-50. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2008.08.014.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 19231497 (View on PubMed)

Leung JW, Do LD, Siao-Salera RM, Ngo C, Parikh DA, Mann SK, Leung FW. Retrospective analysis showing the water method increased adenoma detection rate - a hypothesis generating observation. J Interv Gastroenterol. 2011 Jan;1(1):3-7. doi: 10.4161/jig.1.1.14585.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21686105 (View on PubMed)

Leung FW, Harker JO, Jackson G, Okamoto KE, Behbahani OM, Jamgotchian NJ, Aharonian HS, Guth PH, Mann SK, Leung JW. A proof-of-principle, prospective, randomized, controlled trial demonstrating improved outcomes in scheduled unsedated colonoscopy by the water method. Gastrointest Endosc. 2010 Oct;72(4):693-700. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2010.05.020. Epub 2010 Jul 8.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 20619405 (View on PubMed)

Leung J, Mann S, Siao-Salera R, Ransibrahmanakul K, Lim B, Canete W, Samson L, Gutierrez R, Leung FW. A randomized, controlled trial to confirm the beneficial effects of the water method on U.S. veterans undergoing colonoscopy with the option of on-demand sedation. Gastrointest Endosc. 2011 Jan;73(1):103-10. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2010.09.020.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21184876 (View on PubMed)

Leung FW, Leung JW, Siao-Salera RM, Mann SK. The water method significantly enhances proximal diminutive adenoma detection rate in unsedated patients. J Interv Gastroenterol. 2011 Jan;1(1):8-13. doi: 10.4161/jig.1.1.14587.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21686106 (View on PubMed)

Ramirez FC, Leung FW. A head-to-head comparison of the water vs. air method in patients undergoing screening colonoscopy. J Interv Gastroenterol. 2011 Jul;1(3):130-135. doi: 10.4161/jig.1.3.18512. Epub 2011 Jul 1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22163084 (View on PubMed)

Lai EJ, Calderwood AH, Doros G, Fix OK, Jacobson BC. The Boston bowel preparation scale: a valid and reliable instrument for colonoscopy-oriented research. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009 Mar;69(3 Pt 2):620-5. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2008.05.057. Epub 2009 Jan 10.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 19136102 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

297959-4

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

297959

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.

The National CT Colonography Trial
NCT00084929 COMPLETED NA
Polyp Prevention Trial
NCT00339625 COMPLETED PHASE3