Flail Chest - Rib Fixation Study

NCT ID: NCT01147471

Last Updated: 2015-08-06

Study Results

Results available

Outcome measurements, participant flow, baseline characteristics, and adverse events have been published for this study.

View full results

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

TERMINATED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

24 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2010-09-30

Study Completion Date

2014-08-31

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether operative fixation of unilateral flail chest provides greater benefit than non-operative treatment.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Chest trauma is frequent in the multiply-injured patient and is directly responsible for 20-25% of trauma deaths. Additionally, chest trauma is a major contributory factor in another 25% of deaths after trauma. Besides short term mortality, injuries to the chest result in significant morbidity and cost of care and long term disability. Among patients sustaining chest trauma, flail chest is one of the more serious injuries. Patients require prolonged ventilation, ICU and hospital stays and have a high incidence of pulmonary infections. Survivors often go on to have significant impairment of pulmonary function and over half may never return to gainful employment.

The standard therapy of injuries to the chest wall, including flail chest has been effective analgesia, pulmonary toilet with postural drainage and aggressive chest physical therapy. Despite these measures, flail chest patients often do not do well. Early operative fixation (surgical anchoring and bracing of bones) to stabilize the chest wall and restore pulmonary dynamics has always been an attractive option. With improvements in patient selection, availability of good modern anesthesia and critical care, and mechanical fixation devices, small studies and several case reports testify to the feasibility of the concept and possible short and long term benefits. All but one small institutional study are retrospective in nature limiting the generalizability of the conclusions. In that small single institutional prospective trial in which patients with flail chest were randomized to either early operative fixation or standard non-operative therapy, patients randomized to early operative fixation showed significant improvements in both short- and long-term health outcomes resulting in lower in-hospital costs in the surgically treated group. Despite these very impressive results, although prospective, it is one study with a small number of patients from a single institution. The question of the benefits of operative fixation can only be conclusively answered by a larger multi-institutional prospective randomized study.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Flail Chest

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Operative rib fixation

Randomized subjects will be operated upon within 72 hours of ventilation (early fixation) to stabilize the stove-in segment. Where all fractured ribs are accessible and the number of fractured ribs is few, stabilization of all fractured ribs would be the goal. However, where fractured ribs are in areas difficult to access, enough ribs, based on surgeon judgment, would be fixed to stabilize the stove-in segment. Post-operatively, the patients would receive the standard of care, similar to what is outlined for the non-operative arm.

Operative fixation will be accomplished utilizing the MatrixRIB Fixation System (Synthes CMF, West Chester, PA, USA) according to the device's instructions for use. Sites will obtain the product based on their medical center's normal purchasing practices.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

operative rib fixation

Intervention Type DEVICE

Randomized subjects will be operated upon within 72 hours of ventilation (early fixation)to stabilize the stove-in segment using a rib fixation system.

operative rib fixation surgery

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Non-operative arm

Randomized subjects to receive standard of care therapy for blunt thoracic trauma (as per each participating institution's own protocols):

a. Ventilatory support b.Timing of extubation (removal from ventilator): c.Analgesia: institution should provide adequate analgesia utilizing available resources including oral, parenteral, epidural, local nerve blocks etc., d.Chest physical therapy, e.Postural drainage, f.Incentive spirometry - after extubation.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

operative rib fixation

Randomized subjects will be operated upon within 72 hours of ventilation (early fixation)to stabilize the stove-in segment using a rib fixation system.

Intervention Type DEVICE

operative rib fixation surgery

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

1. Adults \>21 years and \<75 years
2. "Stove-in chest" to encompass both

1. Unilateral flail chest (\>3 ribs fractured at two places) or
2. Contiguous rib fractures with at least 2 ribs pushed in \> the rib diameter of the pushed in rib
3. Mechanically ventilated

Exclusion Criteria

1. Patient unlikely to survive due to the trauma or age or multiple co-morbidities
2. Stove-in chest patients that do not require early (less than or equal to 48 hours of injury) ventilatory support
3. Bilateral flail chest
4. Sternal flail
5. P/F ratio \< 200:1 over a period of greater than or equal to 6 hours while on the ventilator.
6. Other injuries that will likely prolong tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation eg significant head injury resulting in low GCS (Glasgow Coma Score, a scale used to assess the central nervous system in patients who have undergone trauma), spinal cord injury resulting in paralysis of some or all of the respiratory muscles etc. These are merely examples. It is in the opinion of the investigator/surgeon what injuries would prolong tracheal intubation.
7. Any contra-indication to surgery including severe immunosuppression or severe chronic disease making elective surgery dangerous in the opinion of the surgeon
8. Inability to proceed with any aspect of critical care due to personal beliefs, living will etc eg non acceptance of blood products
9. Inability to obtain informed consent.
10. Subject's refusal for follow up
11. Pregnant women
12. Prisoners
13. Any other reason for which the potential subject is not a good candidate, in the opinion of the investigator.

If the site investigator believes that a patient is a good candidate for the study (i.e. requires ventilation primarily due to altered chest wall mechanics) but fails to meet all criteria, site may contact Dr Ajai Malhotra to see if a waiver will be granted.
Minimum Eligible Age

21 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

75 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

Synthes Inc.

INDUSTRY

Sponsor Role collaborator

Virginia Commonwealth University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Ajai K Malhotra, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Virginia Commonwealth University

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Trauma Research & Education Foundation of Fresno

Fresno, California, United States

Site Status

Carolinas Medical Center

Charlotte, North Carolina, United States

Site Status

Wake Forest University Health Sciences

Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States

Site Status

The Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States

Site Status

The University of Tennessee

Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

Site Status

Eastern Virginia Medical School

Norfolk, Virginia, United States

Site Status

Virginia Commonwealth University

Richmond, Virginia, United States

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

United States

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Nirula R, Allen B, Layman R, Falimirski ME, Somberg LB. Rib fracture stabilization in patients sustaining blunt chest injury. Am Surg. 2006 Apr;72(4):307-9. doi: 10.1177/000313480607200405.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 16676852 (View on PubMed)

Baker CC, Oppenheimer L, Stephens B, Lewis FR, Trunkey DD. Epidemiology of trauma deaths. Am J Surg. 1980 Jul;140(1):144-50. doi: 10.1016/0002-9610(80)90431-6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 7396078 (View on PubMed)

Shorr RM, Mirvis SE, Indeck MC. Tension pneumopericardium in blunt chest trauma. J Trauma. 1987 Sep;27(9):1078-82. doi: 10.1097/00005373-198709000-00021.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 3656472 (View on PubMed)

LoCicero J 3rd, Mattox KL. Epidemiology of chest trauma. Surg Clin North Am. 1989 Feb;69(1):15-9. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6109(16)44730-4.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 2911786 (View on PubMed)

Shackford SR, Smith DE, Zarins CK, Rice CL, Virgilio RW. The management of flail chest. A comparison of ventilatory and nonventilatory treatment. Am J Surg. 1976 Dec;132(6):759-62. doi: 10.1016/0002-9610(76)90453-0.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 998864 (View on PubMed)

Relihan M, Litwin MS. Morbidity and mortality associated with flail chest injury: a review of 85 cases. J Trauma. 1973 Aug;13(8):663-71. doi: 10.1097/00005373-197308000-00001. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 4720987 (View on PubMed)

Landercasper J, Cogbill TH, Lindesmith LA. Long-term disability after flail chest injury. J Trauma. 1984 May;24(5):410-4. doi: 10.1097/00005373-198405000-00007.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 6716518 (View on PubMed)

Sankaran S, Wilson RF. Factors affecting prognosis in patients with flail chest. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1970 Sep;60(3):402-10. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 5271286 (View on PubMed)

Menard A, Testart J, Philippe JM, Grise P. Treatment of flail chest with Judet's struts. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1983 Aug;86(2):300-5.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 6876866 (View on PubMed)

Paris F, Tarazona V, Blasco E, Canto A, Casillas M, Pastor J, Paris M, Montero R. Surgical stabilization of traumatic flail chest. Thorax. 1975 Oct;30(5):521-7. doi: 10.1136/thx.30.5.521.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 1105874 (View on PubMed)

Thomas AN, Blaisdell FW, Lewis FR Jr, Schlobohm RM. Operative stabilization for flail chest after blunt trauma. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1978 Jun;75(6):793-801. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 661347 (View on PubMed)

Landreneau RJ, Hinson JM Jr, Hazelrigg SR, Johnson JA, Boley TM, Curtis JJ. Strut fixation of an extensive flail chest. Ann Thorac Surg. 1991 Mar;51(3):473-5. doi: 10.1016/0003-4975(91)90871-m.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 1998429 (View on PubMed)

Engel C, Krieg JC, Madey SM, Long WB, Bottlang M. Operative chest wall fixation with osteosynthesis plates. J Trauma. 2005 Jan;58(1):181-6. doi: 10.1097/01.ta.0000063612.25756.60. No abstract available.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15674171 (View on PubMed)

Lardinois D, Krueger T, Dusmet M, Ghisletta N, Gugger M, Ris HB. Pulmonary function testing after operative stabilisation of the chest wall for flail chest. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2001 Sep;20(3):496-501. doi: 10.1016/s1010-7940(01)00818-1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 11509269 (View on PubMed)

Ahmed Z, Mohyuddin Z. Management of flail chest injury: internal fixation versus endotracheal intubation and ventilation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1995 Dec;110(6):1676-80. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5223(95)70030-7.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 8523879 (View on PubMed)

Voggenreiter G, Neudeck F, Aufmkolk M, Obertacke U, Schmit-Neuerburg KP. Operative chest wall stabilization in flail chest--outcomes of patients with or without pulmonary contusion. J Am Coll Surg. 1998 Aug;187(2):130-8. doi: 10.1016/s1072-7515(98)00142-2.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 9704957 (View on PubMed)

Tanaka H, Yukioka T, Yamaguti Y, Shimizu S, Goto H, Matsuda H, Shimazaki S. Surgical stabilization of internal pneumatic stabilization? A prospective randomized study of management of severe flail chest patients. J Trauma. 2002 Apr;52(4):727-32; discussion 732. doi: 10.1097/00005373-200204000-00020.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 11956391 (View on PubMed)

Bastos R, Calhoon JH, Baisden CE. Flail chest and pulmonary contusion. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008 Spring;20(1):39-45. doi: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2008.01.004.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 18420125 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

VCU-20100582

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.

Physical Stabilization in Post-VATS
NCT04735614 COMPLETED NA
Validation of Aspiration Markers
NCT02301845 WITHDRAWN PHASE1
Pectus Excavatum Camouflage (IT)
NCT05634070 ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING NA