Inspiratory Muscle Strength and Diaphragm Thickness in People With Shoulder Pain in Tennis Players

NCT ID: NCT07334171

Last Updated: 2026-01-29

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
• Total Enrollment: 64 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2026-02-01
• Study Completion Date: 2026-03-20

Brief Summary

This observational case-control study will compare inspiratory muscle function and diaphragm morphology between individuals with shoulder pain and asymptomatic controls. Participants will be allocated into two groups according to the presence or absence of shoulder pain.

Inspiratory muscle strength will be assessed by measuring maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) using standardized procedures. Diaphragm thickness will be evaluated bilaterally using ultrasound imaging at the end of inspiration (Tins) and at the end of expiration (Texp).

Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Upper limb disability will be evaluated using the QuickDASH questionnaire, including the activities of daily living module and the optional sports module.

All outcomes will be assessed in a single evaluation session. Between-group comparisons will be performed to analyze differences in inspiratory muscle strength, diaphragm thickness, pain intensity, and upper limb disability between participants with and without shoulder pain.

Conditions

Shoulder Pain

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: CASE_CONTROL
• Study Time Perspective: CROSS_SECTIONAL

Study Groups

Shoulder Pain Group

Participants with shoulder pain

No interventions assigned to this group

Healthy Control Group

Participants without shoulder pain

No interventions assigned to this group

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Tennis player who suffered from non-specific shoulder pain
• Training at least two times per week
• Have experienced at least 1 episode of non-specific shoulder pain in the last month
• A positive result on the following diagnostic tests: Neer Test and Jobe Test

Exclusion Criteria

• Having taken anti-inflammatories or muscle relaxants within the last 72 hours before the study
• Pregnancy
• Previous diagnosis of respiratory or neurological diseases
• Previous surgeries, fractures, and dislocations in the dominant shoulder
• Inability to follow instructions during the study
• All those for whom measuring maximum inspiratory pressure is contraindicated: unstable angina, recent myocardial infarction (within 4 weeks of the even or myocarditis, uncontrolled systemic hypertension, recent pneumothorax, post-lung biopsy surgery of less than one week, postoperative abdominal or genitourinary surgery of less than 6 months, and urinary incontinence

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 60 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Universidad Francisco de Vitoria

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Central Contacts

Jorge Sánchez-Infante, PhD

Role: CONTACT

jorge.sanchezinfante@ufv.es

913 24 80 64

Other Identifiers

SHOULDER-DIAPH-01

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id