Comparison the Gender Effects of Knee Joint and Foot Complex Alignment During Single Leg Squat in Sedentaries

NCT ID: NCT07262996

Last Updated: 2025-12-04

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Total Enrollment: 70 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2023-09-25
• Study Completion Date: 2024-07-25

Brief Summary

In this study, the investigators aimed to investigate the relationship between the dynamic valgus index and the dynamic valgus index during the landing phase of the single leg squat movement of sedentary people according to gender and to evaluate the effect of the postural alignment of the ankle and foot complex on the stability of the knee joint during the single leg squat.

Detailed Description

Single leg squatting is the basis of many functional activities such as walking, running, landing and balance. Single leg squat is generally preferred for lower extremity rehabilitation and assessment of dynamic hip joint control, lower extremity kinematics and lower extremity alignment. Many studies have used single leg squats for knee kinematics assessment. Excessive knee valgus, hip adduction and abduction of the knee joint during the single leg squat pose a risk of injury to the anterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament and other ligaments.

The single-leg squat test is frequently used clinically to provide a simple and convenient assessment of neuromuscular control for the lumbo-pelvic region. Misalignment of the lower limb can affect knee and hip kinematics during athletic movements, causing disorders such as anterior cruciate ligament lesions, iliotibial band syndrome and patellofemoral pain syndrome. The single leg squat test is a clinical functional test commonly used to assess clinical abnormal movement patterns of the lower limbs in terms of kinetic chain or coordinated muscle activity. This scale provides assessment of five dimensions: general impression, trunk posture, pelvis in space, hip joint movement and knee joint movement. Since the single-leg squat test tests both daily activity and lower limb balance ability during athletic tasks, it was deemed appropriate to perform it separately on both legs. It is a valid and reliable test preferred in the literature as a functional test that evaluates lower extremity and especially knee joint balance skills.

In the light of this information, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the dynamic valgus index and the dynamic valgus index during the landing phase of the single leg squat movement of sedentary people according to gender and to evaluate the effect of the postural alignment of the ankle and foot complex on the stability of the knee joint during the single leg squat.

Conditions

Woman's Role; Men's Role

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: CASE_CONTROL
• Study Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

Men participants

Men participants between the ages of 18-30 years having an active lifestyle, able to squat without any pain or discomfort during the initial evaluation

Sociodemographic profile, dynamic valgus index, single leg squat test, Q angle, Foot posture index, navicular drop test, pain assessment, muscle strength and flexibility tests

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

During the single leg squat test, they will be asked to perform a squat every two seconds without bending forward or sideways while maintaining their balance with their hands crossed over their chest. While performing the movement three (3) times in a slow and controlled manner, they will be recorded with a video camera positioned at 90 degrees to their full height (approximately 3m). This recording will be evaluated in computer environment with Kineovea 0.9.5 motion analysis program and dynamic valgus index will be calculated. Q angle will be measured with a goniometer in both standing and supine position. Medial longitudinal arch height will be measured by navicular drop test. Foot posture of the participants will be evaluated with the Foot Posture Index developed by Redmond et al. (2006) to evaluate foot posture.

Women participants

Women participants between the ages of 18-30 years having an active lifestyle, able to squat without any pain or discomfort during the initial evaluation

Sociodemographic profile, dynamic valgus index, single leg squat test, Q angle, Foot posture index, navicular drop test, pain assessment, muscle strength and flexibility tests

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

During the single leg squat test, they will be asked to perform a squat every two seconds without bending forward or sideways while maintaining their balance with their hands crossed over their chest. While performing the movement three (3) times in a slow and controlled manner, they will be recorded with a video camera positioned at 90 degrees to their full height (approximately 3m). This recording will be evaluated in computer environment with Kineovea 0.9.5 motion analysis program and dynamic valgus index will be calculated. Q angle will be measured with a goniometer in both standing and supine position. Medial longitudinal arch height will be measured by navicular drop test. Foot posture of the participants will be evaluated with the Foot Posture Index developed by Redmond et al. (2006) to evaluate foot posture.

Interventions

Sociodemographic profile, dynamic valgus index, single leg squat test, Q angle, Foot posture index, navicular drop test, pain assessment, muscle strength and flexibility tests

During the single leg squat test, they will be asked to perform a squat every two seconds without bending forward or sideways while maintaining their balance with their hands crossed over their chest. While performing the movement three (3) times in a slow and controlled manner, they will be recorded with a video camera positioned at 90 degrees to their full height (approximately 3m). This recording will be evaluated in computer environment with Kineovea 0.9.5 motion analysis program and dynamic valgus index will be calculated. Q angle will be measured with a goniometer in both standing and supine position. Medial longitudinal arch height will be measured by navicular drop test. Foot posture of the participants will be evaluated with the Foot Posture Index developed by Redmond et al. (2006) to evaluate foot posture.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• To be between the ages of 18-30
• To have the physical capacity to perform single leg squat activity
• Voluntarily participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria

• Current pain in the trunk and lower extremities
• Having a disease affecting the musculoskeletal system in the last six months
• History of surgery involving the lumbar region and lower extremities
• Having a neurological disease
• Having a disease that affects balance (such as vertigo)
• Diagnosis of a rheumatologic disease.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 30 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Istinye University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Habibe Serap İnal, PhD

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Istanbul Galata University

Mehmet Onur Savaş, MSc.c

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Istinye University

Locations

Gaziantep Şahinbey Ünaldı Aile Sağlığı Merkezi

Gaziantep, , Turkey (Türkiye)

Countries

Turkey (Türkiye)

References

Gianola S, Castellini G, Stucovitz E, Nardo A, Banfi G. Single leg squat performance in physically and non-physically active individuals: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2017 Jul 14;18(1):299. doi: 10.1186/s12891-017-1660-8.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 28709418 (View on PubMed)

Scholtes SA, Salsich GB. A DYNAMIC VALGUS INDEX THAT COMBINES HIP AND KNEE ANGLES: ASSESSMENT OF UTILITY IN FEMALES WITH PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2017 Jun;12(3):333-340.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 28593087 (View on PubMed)

Warner MB, Wilson DA, Herrington L, Dixon S, Power C, Jones R, Heller MO, Carden P, Lewis CL. A systematic review of the discriminating biomechanical parameters during the single leg squat. Phys Ther Sport. 2019 Mar;36:78-91. doi: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2019.01.007. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 30703642 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

IstinyeUniversity

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id