Effects of a Squatting With Hip Adduction in Patients With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

NCT ID: NCT06681961

Last Updated: 2024-11-12

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 30 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2017-11-27
• Study Completion Date: 2019-01-05

Brief Summary

An imbalance in the activation and onset time of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles may be one of the primary causes of PFPS. Several studies have discussed various exercise methods believed to selectively contract the (VMO) muscle for treating patellofemoral pain syndrome. VMO activity is higher during static closed-chain tasks combined with hip adduction, indicating that performing hip adduction exercises may selectively strengthen the VMO muscle.

Detailed Description

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) poses challenges in motor control and pain management, especially regarding balanced muscle activation of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL). This study introduces a home-based PFPS rehabilitation approach involving a squat exercise program with hip adduction, examining its effects on motor control and clinical outcomes. Thirty PFPS participants were randomly assigned to conventional squatting (SQU) or squatting with hip adduction (SQU-HA) groups. Participants performed exercises five days a week for 8 weeks, with pre- and post-assessments capturing clinical measures and motor control indicators using electromyography (EMG). This home-based program, integrating hip adduction into squats, enhances motor control, reduces knee stress, and improves daily function, ensuring continued care post-pandemic.

Conditions

PFPS

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: SINGLE

Study Groups

squatting with hip adduction (SQU-HA) group

The participants stood equally on both legs on the floor with their feet shoulder-width apart and angled outward at 20°-30°. After a warm-up, the participants performed 45° squats with squeezing a Swiss ball of 18-cm diameter at a slow speed of 2 s for flexion and extension from the standing posture by using a commercial metronome. The squatting with knee flexion from 0° to 45° was the safest for people with PFPS.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

squatting with hip adduction (SQU-HA) group

Intervention Type: OTHER

The intervention comprised three sets of 15 repetitions with resting 5-min between sets, followed by IT band stretching for five repetitions. Each participant performed the respective exercise 5 days a week, with 2 days of rest, for 8 weeks.

squatting (SQU) group

The participants stood equally on both legs on the floor with their feet shoulder-width apart and angled outward at 20°-30°. After a warm-up, the participants performed 45° squats at a slow speed of 2 s for flexion and extension from the standing posture by using a commercial metronome. The squatting with knee flexion from 0° to 45° was the safest for people with PFPS.

Group Type: OTHER

squatting with hip adduction (SQU-HA) group

Intervention Type: OTHER

The intervention comprised three sets of 15 repetitions with resting 5-min between sets, followed by IT band stretching for five repetitions. Each participant performed the respective exercise 5 days a week, with 2 days of rest, for 8 weeks.

Interventions

squatting with hip adduction (SQU-HA) group

The intervention comprised three sets of 15 repetitions with resting 5-min between sets, followed by IT band stretching for five repetitions. Each participant performed the respective exercise 5 days a week, with 2 days of rest, for 8 weeks.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Other Intervention Names

squatting (SQU) group

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Age 20-50 years.
• Pain around the patella at least two of the following activities¬-standing up after prolonged sitting, going up and down the stairs, running, jumping, squatting, kneeling, and high-angle knee flexion for a long time.
• Knee joint pain for ≥3 months.
• Pain level of ≥ 30 mm on a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS).

Exclusion Criteria

• Had a history of patellar subluxation, dislocation, or knee surgery.
• Had central or peripheral neurological pathology.
• Had an obvious knee joint deformity or lower extremity malalignment.
• Experienced severe knee joint pain (VAS) score > 80 mm), or received nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, injections, or physical therapy within the past 3 months.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 20 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 50 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

China Medical University Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Wei-Hsien Hong

China Medical University

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Wei-Hsien Hong, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

China Medical University, Taiwan

Locations

China Medical University

Taichung, , Taiwan

Countries

Taiwan

Other Identifiers

CMUH106-REC1-014

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id